【串线篇】spring boot使用外置的Servlet容器

时间:2023-03-08 15:36:26

嵌入式Servlet容器:应用打成可执行的jar 优点:简单、便携;

缺点:默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂

(使用定制器【ServerProperties/自定义EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】)

(自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂【EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);

那么如果要使用外置的servlet呢?

应用war包的方式打包;

外置的Servlet容器:外面安装Tomcat---

步骤

一、必须创建一个war项目;(利用idea创建好目录结构)

二、将嵌入式的Tomcat指定为provided;

<dependency>

<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐tomcat</artifactId>

<scope>provided</scope>

</dependency>

三、必须编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类,并调用configure方法

public  class  ServletInitializer  extends  SpringBootServletInitializer  {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
//传入SpringBoot应用的主程序
return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class);
}
}

四、启动服务器就可以使用;

原理

jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;

war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用【SpringBootServletInitializer】,启动ioc容器;

servlet3.0(Spring注解版):

8.2.4  Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability: 规则:

1)、服务器启动(web应用启动)会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer实例:

2)、ServletContainerInitializer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为

javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名

3)、还可以使用@HandlesTypes,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类;

流程:

1)、启动Tomcat

2)、org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.14.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!\META- INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:

Spring的web模块里面有这个文件:org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer

3)、SpringServletContainerInitializer将@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set>;为这些WebApplicationInitializer类型的类创建实例;

4)、每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup;

【串线篇】spring boot使用外置的Servlet容器

五、相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitializer的类会被创建对象,并执行onStartup方法

六、SpringBootServletInitializer实例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext;创建容器

protected  WebApplicationContext  createRootApplicationContext(
ServletContext servletContext) {
//1、创建SpringApplicationBuilder
SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder();
StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment();
environment.initPropertySources(servletContext, null);
builder.environment(environment);
builder.main(getClass());
ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
if (parent != null) {
this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
servletContext.setAttribute(
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null);
builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent)); 15 }
builder.initializers(
new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext));
builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);
//调用configure方法,子类重写了这个方法,将SpringBoot的主程序类传入了进来
builder = configure(builder); 22
//使用builder创建一个Spring应用
SpringApplication application = builder.build();
if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils
.findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
application.getSources().add(getClass());
}
Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(),
"No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the "
+ "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
// Ensure error pages are registered
if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class);
}
//启动Spring应用
return run(application);
}

七、Spring的应用就启动并且创建IOC容器

    public  ConfigurableApplicationContext  run(String...  args)  {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
listeners.starting();
try { ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment); context = createApplicationContext();
analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner); //刷新IOC容器 refreshContext(context);
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments); listeners.finished(context, null); stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex); throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}

启动Servlet容器,再启动SpringBoot应用