Spring Security（十五）：5.6 Authentication

Thus far we have only taken a look at the most basic authentication configuration. Let’s take a look at a few slightly more advanced options for configuring authentication.到目前为止，我们只看了最基本的身份验证配置。我们来看一些稍微更高级的配置身份验证选项。

5.6.1 In-Memory Authentication

We have already seen an example of configuring in-memory authentication for a single user. Below is an example to configure multiple users:

我们已经看到了为单个用户配置内存中身份验证的示例。以下是配置多个用户的示例：

@Bean
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() throws Exception {
	InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
	manager.createUser(User.withUsername("user").password("password").roles("USER").build());
	manager.createUser(User.withUsername("admin").password("password").roles("USER","ADMIN").build());
	return manager;
}

5.6.2 JDBC Authentication

You can find the updates to support JDBC based authentication. The example below assumes that you have already defined a DataSource within your application. The jdbc-javaconfig sample provides a complete example of using JDBC based authentication.

您可以找到支持基于JDBC的身份验证的更新。下面的示例假定您已在应用程序中定义了一个DataSource。 jdbc-javaconfig示例提供了使用基于JDBC的身份验证的完整示例。

@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;

@Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
	auth
		.jdbcAuthentication()
			.dataSource(dataSource)
			.withDefaultSchema()
			.withUser("user").password("password").roles("USER").and()
			.withUser("admin").password("password").roles("USER", "ADMIN");
}

5.6.3 LDAP Authentication

You can find the updates to support LDAP based authentication. The ldap-javaconfig sample provides a complete example of using LDAP based authentication.

您可以找到支持基于LDAP的身份验证的更新。 ldap-javaconfig示例提供了使用基于LDAP的身份验证的完整示例。

@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;

@Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
	auth
		.ldapAuthentication()
			.userDnPatterns("uid={0},ou=people")
			.groupSearchBase("ou=groups");
}

The example above uses the following LDIF and an embedded Apache DS LDAP instance.

上面的示例使用以下LDIF和嵌入式Apache DS LDAP实例。

users.ldif. 

dn: ou=groups,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: organizationalUnit
ou: groups

dn: ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: organizationalUnit
ou: people

dn: uid=admin,ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: person
objectclass: organizationalPerson
objectclass: inetOrgPerson
cn: Rod Johnson
sn: Johnson
uid: admin
userPassword: password

dn: uid=user,ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: person
objectclass: organizationalPerson
objectclass: inetOrgPerson
cn: Dianne Emu
sn: Emu
uid: user
userPassword: password

dn: cn=user,ou=groups,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: groupOfNames
cn: user
uniqueMember: uid=admin,ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org
uniqueMember: uid=user,ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org

dn: cn=admin,ou=groups,dc=springframework,dc=org
objectclass: top
objectclass: groupOfNames
cn: admin
uniqueMember: uid=admin,ou=people,dc=springframework,dc=org

5.6.4 AuthenticationProvider

You can define custom authentication by exposing a custom AuthenticationProvider as a bean. For example, the following will customize authentication assuming that SpringAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider:

您可以通过将自定义AuthenticationProvider公开为bean来定义自定义身份验证。例如，假设SpringAuthenticationProvider实现AuthenticationProvider，以下将自定义身份验证：

This is only used if the AuthenticationManagerBuilder has not been populated

仅在尚未填充AuthenticationManagerBuilder时使用此选项

@Bean
public SpringAuthenticationProvider springAuthenticationProvider() {
	return new SpringAuthenticationProvider();
}

5.6.5 UserDetailsService

You can define custom authentication by exposing a custom UserDetailsService as a bean. For example, the following will customize authentication assuming that SpringDataUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService:

您可以通过将自定义UserDetailsS​​ervice公开为bean来定义自定义身份验证。例如，假设SpringDataUserDetailsS​​ervice实现UserDetailsS​​ervice，以下将自定义身份验证：

This is only used if the AuthenticationManagerBuilder has not been populated and no AuthenticationProviderBean is defined.

仅在尚未填充AuthenticationManagerBuilder且未定义AuthenticationProviderBean时才使用此选项。

@Bean
public SpringDataUserDetailsService springDataUserDetailsService() {
	return new SpringDataUserDetailsService();
}

You can also customize how passwords are encoded by exposing a PasswordEncoder as a bean. For example, if you use bcrypt you can add a bean definition as shown below:

您还可以通过将PasswordEncoder作为bean公开来自定义密码的编码方式。例如，如果使用bcrypt，则可以添加bean定义，如下所示：

@Bean
public BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
	return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}

5.6.6 LDAP Authentication