[LeetCode] Number Complement 补数

时间:2024-07-04 15:37:02

Given a positive integer, output its complement number. The complement strategy is to flip the bits of its binary representation.

Note:

  1. The given integer is guaranteed to fit within the range of a 32-bit signed integer.
  2. You could assume no leading zero bit in the integer’s binary representation.

Example 1:

Input: 5
Output: 2
Explanation: The binary representation of 5 is 101 (no leading zero bits), and its complement is 010. So you need to output 2.

Example 2:

Input: 1
Output: 0
Explanation: The binary representation of 1 is 1 (no leading zero bits), and its complement is 0. So you need to output 0.

这道题给了我们一个数,让我们求补数。通过分析题目汇总的例子,我们知道需要做的就是每个位翻转一下就行了,但是翻转的起始位置上从最高位的1开始的,前面的0是不能被翻转的,所以我们从高往低遍历,如果遇到第一个1了后,我们的flag就赋值为true,然后就可以进行翻转了,翻转的方法就是对应位异或一个1即可,参见代码如下:

解法一:

class Solution {
public:
int findComplement(int num) {
bool start = false;
for (int i = ; i >= ; --i) {
if (num & ( << i)) start = true;
if (start) num ^= ( << i);
}
return num;
}
};

由于位操作里面的取反符号~本身就可以翻转位,但是如果直接对num取反的话就是每一位都翻转了,而最高位1之前的0是不能翻转的,所以我们只要用一个mask来标记最高位1前面的所有0的位置,然后对mask取反后,与上对num取反的结果即可,参见代码如下:

解法二:

class Solution {
public:
int findComplement(int num) {
int mask = INT_MAX;
while (mask & num) mask <<= ;
return ~mask & ~num;
}
};

再来看一种迭代的写法,一行搞定碉堡了,思路就是每次都右移一位,并根据最低位的值先进行翻转,如果当前值小于等于1了,就不用再调用递归函数了,参见代码如下:

解法三:

class Solution {
public:
int findComplement(int num) {
return ( - num % ) + * (num <= ? : findComplement(num / ));
}
};

参考资料:

https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/74627/3-line-c

https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/74968/simple-java-one-line-solution

https://discuss.leetcode.com/topic/74642/java-1-line-bit-manipulation-solution

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