本文实例讲述了C#实现微信结合百度api获取当前用户地理位置的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
操作步骤：
1. 先根据微信提供的接口文档获取到经纬度
参考文档地址：http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/8/1b86529d05db9f960e48c3c7ca5be288.html
2. 由于直接使用微信获取到的经纬度，来使用百度地图api获取地址存在500~1000米的偏差，有时候定位不是很准确，所以需要转换成百度的坐标
参考文档地址：http://developer.baidu.com/map/index.php?title=webapi/guide/changeposition
3. 根据百度api实现逆地址解析，获取当前位置
参考文档地址：http://developer.baidu.com/map/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-geocoding
具体实例：
该例子是mvc项目
1. WX_Location.cshtml页面：
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@using System.Web.Optimization;
@{
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/Master/_App.cshtml";
}
@section Head{
}
<div data-role="page">
<div data-role="header" id="header" data-position="fixed">
<h1>微信定位页面</h1>
</div>
<div data-role="content" class="ui-content">
<form id="add" method="post" onsubmit="return false">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="register_table">
<tr class='tr_bg neiy'>
<td class='tdl neiy'>定位：</td>
<td class='tdr'><input id='txt_dw' name='dw' type='text' placeholder='正在定位' class='td_input' value='' /></td></tr>
</table>
<div data-role="footer" data-position="fixed" data-id="footernav">
<div data-role="navbar">
<ul>
<li><a href="" style=" rel="external nofollow" font-size: 1em;">返回主页</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
@Html.AntiForgeryToken()
</form>
</div>
</div>
@section scripts{
@*微信js-sdk*@
<script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
//微信jssdk配置
wx.config({
debug: false,
appId: "",
timestamp: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["timestamp"])",
nonceStr: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["nonceStr"])",
signature: "@Html.Raw(ViewData["signature"])",
jsApiList: [
'checkJsApi',
'onMenuShareTimeline',
'onMenuShareAppMessage',
'onMenuShareQQ',
'onMenuShareWeibo',
'hideMenuItems',
'showMenuItems',
'hideAllNonBaseMenuItem',
'showAllNonBaseMenuItem',
'translateVoice',
'startRecord',
'stopRecord',
'onRecordEnd',
'playVoice',
'pauseVoice',
'stopVoice',
'uploadVoice',
'downloadVoice',
'chooseImage',
'previewImage',
'uploadImage',
'downloadImage',
'getNetworkType',
'openLocation',
'getLocation',
'hideOptionMenu',
'showOptionMenu',
'closeWindow',
'scanQRCode',
'chooseWXPay',
'openProductSpecificView',
'addCard',
'chooseCard',
'openCard'
]
});
//wx.error(function (res) {
// alert("错误：" + res);
//});
wx.checkJsApi({
jsApiList: [
'getLocation',
],
success: function (res) {
if (res.checkResult.getLocation == false) {
alert('你的微信版本太低，不支持微信JS接口，请升级到最新的微信版本！');
return;
}
}
});
wx.ready(function () {
wx.getLocation({
type: 'wgs84', // 默认为wgs84的gps坐标，如果要返回直接给openLocation用的火星坐标，可传入'gcj02'
success: function (res) {
var latitude = res.latitude; // 纬度，浮点数，范围为90 ~ -90
var longitude = res.longitude; // 经度，浮点数，范围为180 ~ -180。
var speed = res.speed; // 速度，以米/每秒计
var accuracy = res.accuracy; // 位置精度
//alert(latitude + "。" + longitude);
//获取到经纬度之后，异步去后台加载出来真实的地理位置
$.post("/App/Common/GetLocation", { lat: latitude, lon: longitude },
function (data) {
//把返回回来的地理位置显示在页面的控件里面
$("#txt_dw").val(data);
}, 'html');
},
cancel: function (res) {
alert('用户拒绝授权获取地理位置');
}
});
});
</script>
}
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2.
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/// <summary>
/// 微信定位
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult WX_Location()
{
#region 获取定位所需要的参数
//jssdk JS接口安全域名填写，
//access_token来获取jsapi_ticket
string ticket = GetTicket();
var timeStamp = TenpayUtil.getTimestamp();
var nonceStr = TenpayUtil.getNoncestr();
//设置参数
RequestHandler paySignReqHandler = new RequestHandler(System.Web.HttpContext.Current);
//参数顺序。
paySignReqHandler.setParameter("jsapi_ticket", ticket);
paySignReqHandler.setParameter("noncestr", nonceStr);
paySignReqHandler.setParameter("timestamp", timeStamp);
paySignReqHandler.setParameter("url", Request.Url.AbsoluteUri);//Url#号后不要
// LogHelper.WriteInfoLog("noncestr:" + nonceStr + "。jsapi_ticked:" + ticket + "。timestamp:" + timeStamp + "。url:"+Request.Url.AbsoluteUri + "。");
ViewData["signature"] = paySignReqHandler.createSHA1Sign();
//LogHelper.WriteInfoLog("signature:" + paySignReqHandler.createSHA1Sign());
ViewData["timestamp"] = timeStamp;
ViewData["nonceStr"] = nonceStr;
#endregion
return View();
}
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3. 获取地理位置方法
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#region 获取地理位置
public ActionResult GetLocation(string lat, string lon)
{
//23.1294。113.3761
LogHelper.WriteInfoLog(lat + "。" + lon);
string x = string.Empty, y = string.Empty, strReturn = string.Empty;
#region 先把微信经纬度（23.12536。113.36684 ）转换成百度坐标
string apiurl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geoconv/v1/?coords=" + lon + "," + lat + "&from=1&to=5&ak=你的百度地图api密钥";
WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
request.Method = "POST";
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();
Encoding encode = Encoding.UTF8;
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
string detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
var jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<BaiDuCoordinates>(detail);
List<bc_result> result = jd.result;
foreach (var item in result)
{
x = item.x;
y = item.y;
}
#endregion
#region 通过得到的百度坐标进行逆地址解析获取到真实的地理位置
apiurl = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder/v2/?ak=8aoCgAGfz0r4MantipNitjI0&callback=renderReverse&location=" + y + "," + x + "&output=json&pois=1";
#region 通过传入的参数得到url请求
request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
request.Method = "POST";
response = request.GetResponse();
stream = response.GetResponseStream();
encode = Encoding.UTF8;
reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
//@"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)";//(?is)
// string results = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(detail, @"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)", "$2");
string results = Regex.Match(detail, @"(?is)(?<=)(.∗)(?=)").Result("$1");
JsonData jsondta = JsonMapper.ToObject(results);
JsonData jdItems = jsondta["result"];
//获取结构化地址信息
strReturn = (String)jdItems["formatted_address"];
LogHelper.WriteInfoLog(strReturn);
#endregion
#endregion
return Content(strReturn);
}
#endregion
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涉及到的相关方法以及类：
1. 获取ticket
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#region w微信JS-SDK权限签名
public string GetTicket()
{
#region 通过 appid + appsecert 获取公众号的 access_token（不是用户的 access_token）
string apiurl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + TenpayUtil.appid + "&secret=" + TenpayUtil.appsecret;
#region 通过传入的参数得到url请求
WebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
request.Method = "POST";
WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
Stream stream = response.GetResponseStream();
Encoding encode = Encoding.UTF8;
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
string detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
var jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WX_JSSDK>(detail);
String access_token = (String)jd.access_token;
Session["access_token"] = access_token;
#endregion
#endregion
#region 获取ticket
apiurl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=" + access_token + "&type=jsapi";
request = WebRequest.Create(@apiurl);
response = request.GetResponse();
stream = response.GetResponseStream();
encode = Encoding.UTF8;
reader = new StreamReader(stream, encode);
detail = reader.ReadToEnd();
jd = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<WX_JSSDK>(detail);
String ticket = jd.ticket;
Session["ticket"] = ticket;
#endregion
return ticket;
}
#endregion
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2. TenpayUtil类
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/// <summary>
/// TenpayUtil 的摘要说明。
/// 配置文件
/// </summary>
public class TenpayUtil
{
public static string tenpay = "1";
//财付通商户号
public static string partner = "";/
//财付通密钥
public static string key = "";
//微信appsecret
public static string appsecret = "";
//微信appid
public static string appid = "";
//paysignkey(非appkey)
public static string appkey = "";
//支付完成后的回调处理页面,*替换成notify_url.asp所在路径
public static string tenpay_notify = "";
public TenpayUtil()
{
}
public static string getNoncestr()
{
Random random = new Random();
return MD5Util.GetMD5(random.Next(1000).ToString(), "GBK");
}
public static string getTimestamp()
{
TimeSpan ts = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0);
return Convert.ToInt64(ts.TotalSeconds).ToString();
}
/** 对字符串进行URL编码 */
public static string UrlEncode(string instr, string charset)
{
//return instr;
if (instr == null || instr.Trim() == "")
return "";
else
{
string res;
try
{
res = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding(charset));
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
res = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));
}
return res;
}
}
/** 对字符串进行URL解码 */
public static string UrlDecode(string instr, string charset)
{
if (instr == null || instr.Trim() == "")
return "";
else
{
string res;
try
{
res = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding(charset));
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
res = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(instr, Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));
}
return res;
}
}
/** 取时间戳生成随即数,替换交易单号中的后10位流水号 */
public static UInt32 UnixStamp()
{
TimeSpan ts = DateTime.Now - TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToLocalTime(new DateTime(1970, 1, 1));
return Convert.ToUInt32(ts.TotalSeconds);
}
/** 取随机数 */
public static string BuildRandomStr(int length)
{
Random rand = new Random();
int num = rand.Next();
string str = num.ToString();
if (str.Length > length)
{
str = str.Substring(0, length);
}
else if (str.Length < length)
{
int n = length - str.Length;
while (n > 0)
{
str.Insert(0, "0");
n--;
}
}
return str;
}
}
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3. RequestHandler类
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/**
'签名工具类
============================================================================/// <summary>
'api说明：
'init();
'初始化函数，默认给一些参数赋值。
'setKey(key_)'设置商户密钥
'createMd5Sign(signParams);字典生成Md5签名
'genPackage(packageParams);获取package包
'createSHA1Sign(signParams);创建签名SHA1
'parseXML();输出xml
'getDebugInfo(),获取debug信息
*
* ============================================================================
*/
public class RequestHandler
{
public RequestHandler(HttpContext httpContext)
{
parameters = new Hashtable();
this.httpContext = httpContext;
}
/** 密钥 */
private string key;
protected HttpContext httpContext;
/** 请求的参数 */
protected Hashtable parameters;
/** debug信息 */
private string debugInfo;
/** 初始化函数 */
public virtual void init()
{
}
/** 获取debug信息 */
public String getDebugInfo()
{
return debugInfo;
}
/** 获取密钥 */
public String getKey()
{
return key;
}
/** 设置密钥 */
public void setKey(string key)
{
this.key = key;
}
/** 设置参数值 */
public void setParameter(string parameter, string parameterValue)
{
if (parameter != null && parameter != "")
{
if (parameters.Contains(parameter))
{
parameters.Remove(parameter);
}
parameters.Add(parameter, parameterValue);
}
}
//获取package带参数的签名包
public string getRequestURL()
{
this.createSign();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
akeys.Sort();
foreach (string k in akeys)
{
string v = (string)parameters[k];
if (null != v && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
{
sb.Append(k + "=" + TenpayUtil.UrlEncode(v, getCharset()) + "&");
}
}
//去掉最后一个&
if (sb.Length > 0)
{
sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1);
}
return sb.ToString();
}
//创建md5摘要,规则是:按参数名称a-z排序,遇到空值的参数不参加签名。
protected virtual void createSign()
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
akeys.Sort();
foreach (string k in akeys)
{
string v = (string)parameters[k];
if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0
&& "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
{
sb.Append(k + "=" + v + "&");
}
}
sb.Append("key=" + this.getKey());
string sign = MD5Util.GetMD5(sb.ToString(), getCharset()).ToUpper();
this.setParameter("sign", sign);
//debug信息
this.setDebugInfo(sb.ToString() + " => sign:" + sign);
}
//创建package签名
public virtual string CreateMd5Sign(string key, string value)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
akeys.Sort();
foreach (string k in akeys)
{
string v = (string)parameters[k];
if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0
&& "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
{
sb.Append(k + "=" + v + "&");
}
}
sb.Append(key + "=" + value);
string sign = MD5Util.GetMD5(sb.ToString(), getCharset()).ToUpper();
return sign;
}
//创建sha1签名
public string createSHA1Sign()
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
akeys.Sort();
foreach (string k in akeys)
{
string v = (string)parameters[k];
if (null != v && "".CompareTo(v) != 0
&& "sign".CompareTo(k) != 0 && "key".CompareTo(k) != 0)
{
if (sb.Length == 0)
{
sb.Append(k + "=" + v);
}
else
{
sb.Append("&" + k + "=" + v);
}
}
}
string paySign = SHA1Util.getSha1(sb.ToString()).ToString().ToLower();
//debug信息
this.setDebugInfo(sb.ToString() + " => sign:" + paySign);
return paySign;
}
public string GetBizSign()
{
Dictionary<string, string> bizParameters = new Dictionary<string, string>();
ArrayList akeys = new ArrayList(parameters.Keys);
akeys.Sort();
foreach (string k in akeys)
{
string v = (string)parameters[k];
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(k))
{
bizParameters.Add(k.ToLower(), v);
}
}
if (!bizParameters.Any(p => p.Key.ToLower() == "appkey"))
bizParameters.Add("appkey", TenpayUtil.appkey);
string bizString = FormatBizQueryParaMap(bizParameters, false);
return SHA1Util.Sha1(bizString);
}
public string FormatBizQueryParaMap(Dictionary<string, string> paraMap, bool urlencode)
{
string buff = "";
try
{
var result = from pair in paraMap orderby pair.Key select pair;
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> pair in result)
{
if (pair.Key != "")
{
string key = pair.Key;
string val = pair.Value;
if (urlencode)
{
val = System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(val);
}
buff += key.ToLower() + "=" + val + "&";
}
}
if (buff.Length == 0 == false)
{
buff = buff.Substring(0, (buff.Length - 1) - (0));
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
throw e;
//throw new SDKRuntimeException(e.Message);
}
return buff;
}
//输出XML
public string parseXML()
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.Append("<xml>");
int iIsNumber = 0;
foreach (string k in parameters.Keys)
{
string v = (string)parameters[k];
if (int.TryParse(v, out iIsNumber))
{
sb.Append("<" + k + ">" + v + "</" + k + ">");
}
else
{
sb.Append("<" + k + "><![CDATA[" + v + "]]></" + k + ">");
}
}
sb.Append("</xml>");
return sb.ToString();
}
/** 设置debug信息 */
public void setDebugInfo(String debugInfo)
{
this.debugInfo = debugInfo;
}
public Hashtable getAllParameters()
{
return this.parameters;
}
protected virtual string getCharset()
{
return this.httpContext.Request.ContentEncoding.BodyName;
}
}
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4. 实体
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#region 微信sdk
public partial class WX_JSSDK
{
public string access_token { get; set; }
public string ticket { get; set; }
}
#endregion
#region 百度坐标转换
public partial class BaiDuCoordinates
{
public string status { get; set; }
public List<bc_result> result { get; set; }
}
public partial class bc_result
{
public string x { get; set; }
public string y { get; set; }
}
#endregion
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希望本文所述对大家C#程序设计有所帮助。