xml对开发者来说十分的方便,不仅使用起来简单,而且能够及时调试,修改界面之后马上能看到效果。
java设置布局不具有这个优势。但是java却可以动态对布局进行操作,这是xml所做不到的。笔者认为,新手索要掌握的java动态设置布局主要有两点,一方面是对布局的属性进行修改,另一方面是增添和删除控件。
首先说一下动态设置布局在项目中的应用,拿高德地图举个例子,如下图:
我们可以看到,高德地图的默认界面与点击地图之后的界面是不一样的,上面同样的控件在layout中的位置也不一样,这个用xml便是难以实现的了,于是java动态设置布局便有了其重要性。
接下来看一下分享的demo效果:
代码其实比较容易理解,具体的解释已经注释在代码中了,读者可以自己写了理解一下。
mainactivity:
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package com.example.activeuitest;
import android.support.v7.app.appcompatactivity;
import android.os.bundle;
import android.view.layoutinflater;
import android.view.view;
import android.view.viewgroup;
import android.widget.button;
import android.widget.linearlayout;
import android.widget.radiogroup;
import android.widget.relativelayout;
public class mainactivity extends appcompatactivity implements view.onclicklistener{
private button bt_gone; //让布局隐藏
private button bt_visiable; //让布局显示
private button bt_add; //增添布局
private button bt_delete; //删除布局
private relativelayout rl_main;
private radiogroup rl_radiogroup;
private relativelayout rl_infotip;
private linearlayout ll_test;
@override
protected void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) {
super .oncreate(savedinstancestate);
setcontentview(r.layout.activity_main);
init(); //初始化
}
private void init() {
bt_gone= (button) findviewbyid(r.id.button1);
bt_visiable= (button) findviewbyid(r.id.button2);
bt_add= (button) findviewbyid(r.id.button3);
bt_delete= (button) findviewbyid(r.id.button4);
rl_main=(relativelayout)findviewbyid(r.id.main_layout);
rl_radiogroup=(radiogroup)findviewbyid(r.id.radio_group);
rl_infotip=(relativelayout)findviewbyid(r.id.info_tip);
//此处要获取其他xml的控件需要先引入改layout的view(这个linearlayout用于演示添加和删除)
view view= layoutinflater.from( this ).inflate(r.layout.test_linear_layout, null , false );
ll_test=(linearlayout)view.findviewbyid(r.id.test_layout);
bt_gone.setonclicklistener( this );
bt_visiable.setonclicklistener( this );
bt_add.setonclicklistener( this );
bt_delete.setonclicklistener( this );
}
@override
public void onclick(view v) {
switch (v.getid()){
case r.id.button1:
rl_infotip.setvisibility(view.gone); //底部tip设置不可见
//初始化宽高属性
relativelayout.layoutparams lp1 = new relativelayout.layoutparams(
viewgroup.layoutparams.wrap_content, viewgroup.layoutparams.wrap_content);
lp1.addrule(relativelayout.align_parent_bottom); //设置置底
lp1.setmargins( 10 , 0 , 0 , 10 ); //设置margin,此处单位为px
rl_radiogroup.setlayoutparams(lp1); //动态改变布局
break ;
case r.id.button2:
rl_infotip.setvisibility(view.visible); //底部tip设置可见
//初始化宽高属性
relativelayout.layoutparams lp2 = new relativelayout.layoutparams(
viewgroup.layoutparams.wrap_content, viewgroup.layoutparams.wrap_content);
lp2.setmargins( 10 , 0 , 0 , 10 ); //设置margin,此处单位为px
lp2.addrule(relativelayout.above, r.id.info_tip); //设置above,让控件于r.id.info_tip之上
rl_radiogroup.setlayoutparams(lp2); //动态改变布局
break ;
case r.id.button3:
//初始化宽高属性,此处单位为px
relativelayout.layoutparams lp3 = new relativelayout.layoutparams( 200 , 200 );
lp3.addrule(relativelayout.below, r.id.button4); //设置below,让控件于r.id.button4之下
rl_main.addview(ll_test, lp3); //动态改变布局
ll_test.setvisibility(view.visible); //此处需要设置布局显示,否则会不显示
break ;
case r.id.button4:
rl_main.removeview(ll_test); //动态改变布局
break ;
}
}
}
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activity_main:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<relativelayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "match_parent"
android:id= "@+id/main_layout"
>
<button
android:id= "@+id/button1"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "隐藏" />
<button
android:id= "@+id/button2"
android:layout_below= "@+id/button1"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "显示" />
<button
android:id= "@+id/button3"
android:layout_below= "@+id/button2"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "添加布局" />
<button
android:id= "@+id/button4"
android:layout_below= "@+id/button3"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "删除布局" />
<radiogroup
android:id= "@+id/radio_group"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:padding= "5dp"
android:layout_marginleft= "10px"
android:layout_marginbottom= "10px"
android:orientation= "horizontal"
android:layout_above= "@+id/info_tip"
android:background= "@android:color/darker_gray"
>
<textview
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "精确度:" />
<radiobutton
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:checked= "true"
android:text= "普通"
android:textcolor= "@android:color/black" />
<radiobutton
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "精准"
android:textcolor= "@android:color/black" />
</radiogroup>
<relativelayout
android:id= "@+id/info_tip"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:layout_alignparentbottom= "true"
android:paddingleft= "10dp"
android:paddingright= "10dp"
android:paddingtop= "20dp"
android:background= "@android:color/darker_gray"
>
<textview
android:id= "@+id/info_tip_name"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "受灾地点"
android:textcolor= "@android:color/black"
android:textsize= "20dp" />
<textview
android:id= "@+id/info_tip_distance"
android:layout_below= "@+id/info_tip_name"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "受灾距离" />
<textview
android:id= "@+id/info_tip_address"
android:layout_torightof= "@+id/info_tip_distance"
android:layout_below= "@+id/info_tip_name"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:layout_marginleft= "10dp"
android:text= "受灾地址" />
<button
android:layout_alignparentright= "true"
android:layout_width= "wrap_content"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "详情" />
<linearlayout
android:layout_below= "@+id/info_tip_address"
android:layout_width= "match_parent"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:layout_margintop= "10dp"
android:orientation= "horizontal" >
<button
android:layout_width= "0dp"
android:layout_weight= "1"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "驾车" />
<button
android:layout_width= "0dp"
android:layout_weight= "1"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "公交" />
<button
android:layout_width= "0dp"
android:layout_weight= "1"
android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
android:text= "步行" />
</linearlayout>
</relativelayout>
</relativelayout>
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test_linear_layout:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?>
<linearlayout
xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width= "200dp"
android:layout_height= "200dp"
android:background= "@android:color/holo_blue_bright"
android:id= "@+id/test_layout"
android:orientation= "horizontal"
>
</linearlayout>
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。