1. sbt安装
下载sbt文件，并在Linux中解压二进制的sbt软件包，这里提供下载地址 https://www.scala-sbt.org/download.html
在解压后进入目录，然后执行./bin/sbt，第一次执行时会从网上下载依赖的JAR包，并保存到~/.sbt：
[elon@hadoop ~]$ tar xf sbt-1.1.1.tgz
[elon@hadoop ~]$ cd sbt/
[elon@hadoop sbt]$ ./bin/sbt
为了方便使用，可以加入到PATH路径中去:
[elon@hadoop sbt]$ mv bin/ conf/ ~/
[elon@hadoop sbt]$ export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/bin"
2. 编写sbt配置文件
一个典型的Spark程序的sbt配置文件如下，这里将其命名为wordCount.sbt:
name := "WordCount"
version := "0.1"
scalaVersion := "2.11.8"
// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.spark/spark-core
libraryDependencies += "org.apache.spark" %% "spark-core" % "2.2.1"
wordCount.sbt本身也是Scala代码，如果使用了其他组件，可以在libraryDependencies中继续添加。
为了让sbt正常工作，sbt文件和程序源码需要满足一定的目录结构，应该是这样：
[elon@hadoop wordcount]$ find .
.
./src
./src/main
./src/main/scala
./src/main/scala/WordCount.scala
./wordCount.sbt
3. 编译、链接、打包
相关命令如下：
[elon@hadoop wordcount]$sbt package
[info] Updated file /home/elon/workspace/wordcount/project/build.properties: set sbt.version to 1.1.1
[info] Loading project definition from /home/elon/workspace/wordcount/project
[info] Updating ProjectRef(uri("file:/home/elon/workspace/wordcount/project/"), "wordcount-build")
...
[info] Compiling 1 Scala source to /home/elon/workspace/wordcount/target/scala-2.11/classes ...
[info] Done compiling.
[info] Packaging /home/elon/workspace/wordcount/target/scala-2.11/wordcount_2.11-0.1.jar ...
[info] Done packaging.
[success] Total time: 62 s, completed 2018-2-22 1:26:33
初次执行也比较慢，因为需要下载依赖的Spark相关的JAR包。
4. 提交
打包之后，就可以提交至集群上运行了，提交任务的基本形式如下：
[elon@hadoop spark]$ ./bin/spark-submit \
--class WordCount \
--master local \
~/workspace/wordcount/target/scala-2.11/wordcount_2.11-0.1.jar
Using Spark's default log4j profile: org/apache/spark/log4j-defaults.properties
18/02/22 01:33:27 INFO SparkContext: Running Spark version 2.2.1
18/02/22 01:33:28 WARN NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
18/02/22 01:33:28 INFO SparkContext: Submitted application: WordCount
18/02/22 01:33:28 INFO SecurityManager: Changing view acls to: elon
18/02/22 01:33:28 INFO SecurityManager: Changing modify acls to: elon
18/02/22 01:33:28 INFO SecurityManager: Changing view acls groups to:
18/02/22 01:33:28 INFO SecurityManager: Changing modify acls groups to:
18/02/22 01:33:28 INFO SecurityManager: SecurityManager: authentication disabled; ui acls disabled; users with view permissions: Set(elon); groups with view permissions: Set(); users with modify permissions: Set(elon); groups with modify permissions: Set()
18/02/22 01:33:29 INFO Utils: Successfully started service 'sparkDriver' on port 40258.
18/02/22 01:33:29 INFO SparkEnv: Registering MapOutputTracker
18/02/22 01:33:29 INFO SparkEnv: Registering BlockManagerMaster
18/02/22 01:33:29 INFO BlockManagerMasterEndpoint: Using org.apache.spark.storage.DefaultTopologyMapper for getting topology information
18/02/22 01:33:29 INFO BlockManagerMasterEndpoint: BlockManagerMasterEndpoint up
18/02/22 01:33:30 INFO DiskBlockManager: Created local directory at /tmp/blockmgr-618a12c1-361a-4bd1-b81e-4b523ebad17e
18/02/22 01:33:30 INFO MemoryStore: MemoryStore started with capacity 413.9 MB
18/02/22 01:33:30 INFO SparkEnv: Registering OutputCommitCoordinator
18/02/22 01:33:30 INFO Utils: Successfully started service 'SparkUI' on port 4040.
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO SparkUI: Bound SparkUI to 0.0.0.0, and started at http://192.168.1.115:4040
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO SparkContext: Added JAR file:/home/elon/workspace/wordcount/target/scala-2.11/wordcount_2.11-0.1.jar at spark://192.168.1.115:40258/jars/wordcount_2.11-0.1.jar with timestamp 1519234411259
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO Executor: Starting executor ID driver on host localhost
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO Utils: Successfully started service 'org.apache.spark.network.netty.NettyBlockTransferService' on port 39799.
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO NettyBlockTransferService: Server created on 192.168.1.115:39799
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO BlockManager: Using org.apache.spark.storage.RandomBlockReplicationPolicy for block replication policy
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO BlockManagerMaster: Registering BlockManager BlockManagerId(driver, 192.168.1.115, 39799, None)
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO BlockManagerMasterEndpoint: Registering block manager 192.168.1.115:39799 with 413.9 MB RAM, BlockManagerId(driver, 192.168.1.115, 39799, None)
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO BlockManagerMaster: Registered BlockManager BlockManagerId(driver, 192.168.1.115, 39799, None)
18/02/22 01:33:31 INFO BlockManager: Initialized BlockManager: BlockManagerId(driver, 192.168.1.115, 39799, None)
18/02/22 01:33:34 INFO MemoryStore: Block broadcast_0 stored as values in memory (estimated size 236.5 KB, free 413.7 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:35 INFO MemoryStore: Block broadcast_0_piece0 stored as bytes in memory (estimated size 22.9 KB, free 413.7 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:35 INFO BlockManagerInfo: Added broadcast_0_piece0 in memory on 192.168.1.115:39799 (size: 22.9 KB, free: 413.9 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:35 INFO SparkContext: Created broadcast 0 from textFile at WordCount.scala:9
18/02/22 01:33:35 INFO FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
wordCounts:
18/02/22 01:33:35 INFO SparkContext: Starting job: collect at WordCount.scala:14
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO DAGScheduler: Registering RDD 3 (map at WordCount.scala:11)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO DAGScheduler: Got job 0 (collect at WordCount.scala:14) with 1 output partitions
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO DAGScheduler: Final stage: ResultStage 1 (collect at WordCount.scala:14)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO DAGScheduler: Parents of final stage: List(ShuffleMapStage 0)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO DAGScheduler: Missing parents: List(ShuffleMapStage 0)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO DAGScheduler: Submitting ShuffleMapStage 0 (MapPartitionsRDD[3] at map at WordCount.scala:11), which has no missing parents
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO MemoryStore: Block broadcast_1 stored as values in memory (estimated size 4.7 KB, free 413.7 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO MemoryStore: Block broadcast_1_piece0 stored as bytes in memory (estimated size 2.7 KB, free 413.7 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO BlockManagerInfo: Added broadcast_1_piece0 in memory on 192.168.1.115:39799 (size: 2.7 KB, free: 413.9 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO SparkContext: Created broadcast 1 from broadcast at DAGScheduler.scala:1006
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO DAGScheduler: Submitting 1 missing tasks from ShuffleMapStage 0 (MapPartitionsRDD[3] at map at WordCount.scala:11) (first 15 tasks are for partitions Vector(0))
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO TaskSchedulerImpl: Adding task set 0.0 with 1 tasks
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO TaskSetManager: Starting task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0, localhost, executor driver, partition 0, PROCESS_LOCAL, 4839 bytes)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO Executor: Running task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0)
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO Executor: Fetching spark://192.168.1.115:40258/jars/wordcount_2.11-0.1.jar with timestamp 1519234411259
18/02/22 01:33:36 INFO TransportClientFactory: Successfully created connection to /192.168.1.115:40258 after 105 ms (0 ms spent in bootstraps)
18/02/22 01:33:37 INFO Utils: Fetching spark://192.168.1.115:40258/jars/wordcount_2.11-0.1.jar to /tmp/spark-dec8c0aa-5af4-43fb-ab29-a3bd6273e561/userFiles-0ea2f549-1a97-4276-acc6-cf3c07948ccb/fetchFileTemp4497605578776580420.tmp
18/02/22 01:33:37 INFO Executor: Adding file:/tmp/spark-dec8c0aa-5af4-43fb-ab29-a3bd6273e561/userFiles-0ea2f549-1a97-4276-acc6-cf3c07948ccb/wordcount_2.11-0.1.jar to class loader
18/02/22 01:33:37 INFO HadoopRDD: Input split: file:/home/elon/spark/README.md:0+3809
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO Executor: Finished task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0). 1197 bytes result sent to driver
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO TaskSetManager: Finished task 0.0 in stage 0.0 (TID 0) in 1510 ms on localhost (executor driver) (1/1)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO TaskSchedulerImpl: Removed TaskSet 0.0, whose tasks have all completed, from pool
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: ShuffleMapStage 0 (map at WordCount.scala:11) finished in 1.594 s
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: looking for newly runnable stages
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: running: Set()
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: waiting: Set(ResultStage 1)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: failed: Set()
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: Submitting ResultStage 1 (ShuffledRDD[4] at reduceByKey at WordCount.scala:12), which has no missing parents
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO MemoryStore: Block broadcast_2 stored as values in memory (estimated size 3.2 KB, free 413.7 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO MemoryStore: Block broadcast_2_piece0 stored as bytes in memory (estimated size 1957.0 B, free 413.7 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO BlockManagerInfo: Added broadcast_2_piece0 in memory on 192.168.1.115:39799 (size: 1957.0 B, free: 413.9 MB)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO SparkContext: Created broadcast 2 from broadcast at DAGScheduler.scala:1006
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: Submitting 1 missing tasks from ResultStage 1 (ShuffledRDD[4] at reduceByKey at WordCount.scala:12) (first 15 tasks are for partitions Vector(0))
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO TaskSchedulerImpl: Adding task set 1.0 with 1 tasks
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO TaskSetManager: Starting task 0.0 in stage 1.0 (TID 1, localhost, executor driver, partition 0, ANY, 4621 bytes)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO Executor: Running task 0.0 in stage 1.0 (TID 1)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator: Getting 1 non-empty blocks out of 1 blocks
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO ShuffleBlockFetcherIterator: Started 0 remote fetches in 31 ms
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO Executor: Finished task 0.0 in stage 1.0 (TID 1). 7866 bytes result sent to driver
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO TaskSetManager: Finished task 0.0 in stage 1.0 (TID 1) in 318 ms on localhost (executor driver) (1/1)
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: ResultStage 1 (collect at WordCount.scala:14) finished in 0.316 s
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO TaskSchedulerImpl: Removed TaskSet 1.0, whose tasks have all completed, from pool
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO DAGScheduler: Job 0 finished: collect at WordCount.scala:14, took 3.083995 s
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18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO SparkContext: Invoking stop() from shutdown hook
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO SparkUI: Stopped Spark web UI at http://192.168.1.115:4040
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO MapOutputTrackerMasterEndpoint: MapOutputTrackerMasterEndpoint stopped!
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO MemoryStore: MemoryStore cleared
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO BlockManager: BlockManager stopped
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO BlockManagerMaster: BlockManagerMaster stopped
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO OutputCommitCoordinator$OutputCommitCoordinatorEndpoint: OutputCommitCoordinator stopped!
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO SparkContext: Successfully stopped SparkContext
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO ShutdownHookManager: Shutdown hook called
18/02/22 01:33:38 INFO ShutdownHookManager: Deleting directory /tmp/spark-dec8c0aa-5af4-43fb-ab29-a3bd6273e561