在上篇文章中学习了Spring AOP,并学习了前置通知和后置通知。地址为:http://www.cnblogs.com/dreamfree/p/4095858.html
在本文中,将继续上篇的学习,继续了解返回通知、异常通知和环绕通知。具体的含义详见代码注释
1 package com.yl.spring.aop; 2 3 import java.util.Arrays; 4 5 import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint; 6 import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; 7 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After; 8 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning; 9 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing; 10 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around; 11 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; 12 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before; 13 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 14 15 @Component 16 @Aspect 17 public class LoggingAspect { 18 19 /** 20 * 在com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator接口的每一个实现类的每一个方法开始之前执行一段代码 21 */ 22 @Before("execution(public int com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))") 23 public void beforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint) { 24 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 25 Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs(); 26 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " begins with " + Arrays.asList(args)); 27 } 28 29 /** 30 * 在com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator接口的每一个实现类的每一个方法执行之后执行一段代码 31 * 无论该方法是否出现异常 32 */ 33 @After("execution(public int com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))") 34 public void afterMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint) { 35 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 36 Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs(); 37 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends with " + Arrays.asList(args)); 38 } 39 40 /** 41 * 方法正常结束后执行的代码 42 * 返回通知是可以访问到方法的返回值的 43 */ 44 @AfterReturning(value="execution(public int com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))", returning="result") 45 public void afterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object result) { 46 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 47 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " return with " + result); 48 } 49 50 /** 51 * 在方法出现异常时会执行的代码 52 * 可以访问到异常对象,可以指定在出现特定异常时在执行通知代码 53 */ 54 @AfterThrowing(value="execution(public int com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))", throwing="ex") 55 public void afterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Exception ex) { 56 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 57 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " occurs exception: " + ex); 58 } 59 60 /** 61 * 环绕通知需要携带ProceedingJoinPoint类型的参数 62 * 环绕通知类似于动态代理的全过程:ProceedingJoinPoint类型的参数可以决定是否执行目标方法。 63 * 而且环绕通知必须有返回值,返回值即为目标方法的返回值 64 */ 65 @Around("execution(public int com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))") 66 public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjd) { 67 Object result = null; 68 String methodName = pjd.getSignature().getName(); 69 //执行目标方法 70 try { 71 //前置通知 72 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " begins with " + Arrays.asList(pjd.getArgs())); 73 result = pjd.proceed(); 74 //返回通知 75 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends with " + Arrays.asList(pjd.getArgs())); 76 } catch (Throwable e) { 77 //异常通知 78 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " occurs expection : " + e); 79 throw new RuntimeException(e); 80 } 81 //后置通知 82 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends"); 83 return result; 84 } 85 86 }
切面的优先级
为项目增加一个新的切面类,负责验证功能,则需要指定切面执行的顺序。即切面的优先级。具体方法是给切面类增加@Order注解,并指定具体的数字,值越小优先级越高
1 package com.yl.spring.aop; 2 3 import java.util.Arrays; 4 5 import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint; 6 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; 7 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before; 8 import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order; 9 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 10 11 /** 12 * 可以使用@Order注解指定切面的优先级,值越小优先级越高 13 * @author yul 14 * 15 */ 16 @Order(2) 17 @Component 18 @Aspect 19 public class ValidationAspect { 20 21 @Before("execution(public int com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))") 22 public void vlidateArgs(JoinPoint joinPoint) { 23 System.out.println("validate: " + Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs())); 24 } 25 }
切点表达式的重用:
在LoggingAspect类中,切点的表达式可以先定义,在使用。
1 package com.yl.spring.aop; 2 3 import java.util.Arrays; 4 5 import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint; 6 import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; 7 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After; 8 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning; 9 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing; 10 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around; 11 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; 12 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before; 13 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut; 14 import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order; 15 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 16 @Order(1) 17 @Component 18 @Aspect 19 public class LoggingAspect { 20 21 /** 22 * 定义一个方法,用于声明切入点表达式。一般的,该方法中再不需要添加其他的代码 23 * 使用@Pointcut 来声明切入点表达式 24 * 后面的其他通知直接使用方法名直接引用方法名即可 25 */ 26 @Pointcut("execution(public int com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator.*(..))") 27 public void declareJoinPointExpression() { 28 29 } 30 31 /** 32 * 在com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator接口的每一个实现类的每一个方法开始之前执行一段代码 33 */ 34 @Before("declareJoinPointExpression()") 35 public void beforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint) { 36 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 37 Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs(); 38 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " begins with " + Arrays.asList(args)); 39 } 40 41 /** 42 * 在com.yl.spring.aop.ArithmeticCalculator接口的每一个实现类的每一个方法执行之后执行一段代码 43 * 无论该方法是否出现异常 44 */ 45 @After("declareJoinPointExpression()") 46 public void afterMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint) { 47 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 48 Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs(); 49 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends with " + Arrays.asList(args)); 50 } 51 52 /** 53 * 方法正常结束后执行的代码 54 * 返回通知是可以访问到方法的返回值的 55 */ 56 @AfterReturning(value="declareJoinPointExpression()", returning="result") 57 public void afterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object result) { 58 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 59 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " return with " + result); 60 } 61 62 /** 63 * 在方法出现异常时会执行的代码 64 * 可以访问到异常对象,可以指定在出现特定异常时在执行通知代码 65 */ 66 @AfterThrowing(value="declareJoinPointExpression()", throwing="ex") 67 public void afterThrowing(JoinPoint joinPoint, Exception ex) { 68 String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName(); 69 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " occurs exception: " + ex); 70 } 71 72 /** 73 * 环绕通知需要携带ProceedingJoinPoint类型的参数 74 * 环绕通知类似于动态代理的全过程:ProceedingJoinPoint类型的参数可以决定是否执行目标方法。 75 * 而且环绕通知必须有返回值,返回值即为目标方法的返回值 76 */ 77 @Around("declareJoinPointExpression()") 78 public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjd) { 79 Object result = null; 80 String methodName = pjd.getSignature().getName(); 81 //执行目标方法 82 try { 83 //前置通知 84 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " begins with " + Arrays.asList(pjd.getArgs())); 85 result = pjd.proceed(); 86 //返回通知 87 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends with " + Arrays.asList(pjd.getArgs())); 88 } catch (Throwable e) { 89 //异常通知 90 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " occurs expection : " + e); 91 throw new RuntimeException(e); 92 } 93 //后置通知 94 System.out.println("The method " + methodName + " ends"); 95 return result; 96 } 97 98 }
当处于不同的类,甚至不同的包时,可以使用包名.类名.方法名
具体代码如下:
1 package com.yl.spring.aop; 2 3 import java.util.Arrays; 4 5 import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint; 6 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; 7 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before; 8 import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order; 9 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 10 11 /** 12 * 可以使用@Order注解指定切面的优先级,值越小优先级越高 13 * @author yul 14 * 15 */ 16 @Order(2) 17 @Component 18 @Aspect 19 public class ValidationAspect { 20 21 @Before("com.yl.spring.aop.LoggingAspect.declareJoinPointExpression()") 22 public void vlidateArgs(JoinPoint joinPoint) { 23 System.out.println("validate: " + Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs())); 24 } 25 }