有字典 dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"},实现以下功能:
1、遍历字典 dic 中所有的key
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} for k in dic.keys(): print(k)
2、遍历字典 dic 中所有的value
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} for v in dic.values(): print(v)
3、循环遍历字典 dic 中所有的key和value
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} for k,v in dic.items(): print(k,v)
4、添加一个键值对"k4","v4",输出添加后的字典 dic
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} dic["k4"] = "v4" print(dic)
5、删除字典 dic 中的键值对"k1","v1",并输出删除后的字典 dic
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} dic["k4"] = "v4" dic.pop("k1") # 方法1:可以返回删除的k对应的value,不存在则会引发异常 del dic['k1'] # 方法2:不返回删除的k对应的value,不存在则会引发异常 print(dic) # {'k2': 'v2', 'k3': 'v3', 'k4': 'v4'}
6、删除字典 dic 中 'k5' 对应的值,若不存在,使其不报错,并返回None
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} dic["k4"] = "v4" dic.pop("k1") print(dic.pop("k5",None)) # None
7、获取字典 dic 中“k2”对应的值
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} dic["k4"] = "v4" dic.pop("k1") print(dic.pop("k5",None)) print(dic["k2"]) # v2 方法1:不存在时,会报错 print(dic.get("k2")) # v2 方法2:不存在时,返回 None
8、获取字典 dic 中"k6"对应的值,如果不存在,使其不报错,并且让其返回数据 None
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} dic["k4"] = "v4" dic.pop("k1") print(dic.pop("k5",None)) print(dic.get("k6")) # None
9、有字典 dic2 = {'k1':"v111",'a':"b"} 通过一行操作使 dic2 = {'k1':"v111",'k2':"v2",'k3':"v3",'k4': 'v4','a':"b"}
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- dic = {"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2", "k3": "v3"} dic["k4"] = "v4" dic.pop("k1") print(dic.pop("k5",None)) print(dic) # {'k2': 'v2', 'k3': 'v3', 'k4': 'v4'} 打印此时的字典 dic dic2 = {'k1': "v111", 'a': "b"} dic2.update(dic) # 将字典dic2的键值对添加到字典dic中 print(dic2) # {'k1': 'v111', 'a': 'b', 'k2': 'v2', 'k3': 'v3', 'k4': 'v4'}
10、组合嵌套,实现功能,现有列表如下:
list = [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['tt', 3, '1']}, 89], 'ab']]
(1)将列表中的‘tt’变成大写(两种方式)
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- list = [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['tt', 3, '1']}, 89], 'ab']] print(list[0][1][2].get('k1')[0].upper()) # TT 方法1--upper()返回大写字符串 print(list[0][1][2].get('k1')[0].swapcase()) # TT 方法2--swapcase() 大小写互换
(2)将数字 3 变成字符串 ‘100’(两种方式)
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- list = [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['tt', 3, '1']}, 89], 'ab']] list[0][1][2].get('k1')[1] = '100' list[0][1][2]['k1'][1] = '100' print(list)
(3)将列表中的字符串‘1’变成数字101(两种方式)
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- list = [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['tt', 3, '1']}, 89], 'ab']] list[0][1][2]['k1'][-1] = 101 # 方法1 list[0][1][2].get('k1')[2] = 101 # 方法2 print(list[0][1][2].get('k1'))
11、按照要求实现以下功能:li = [1,2,3,'a','b',4,'c'],有一个字典(此字典是动态生成的,你并不知道它有多少键值对,所以用 dic={} 模拟),具体操作如下:如果字典没有'k1'这个键,那就创建这个'k1'键和对应的值(对应值设为空列表),并将列表li中的索引为奇数对应的元素,添加到'k1'这个键对应的空列表中;如果有'k1'这个键,且'k1'对应的value值是列表类型,那就将列表li中的索引为奇数对应的元素,添加到'k1'这个键对应的值中。
参考答案:
#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*- li = [1,2,3,'a','b',4,'c'] dic = {} # 动态生成 if len(dic.keys()) > 0: ''' 判断字典是否为空 ''' for i in dic.keys(): ''' 遍历字典的 key ''' if 'k1' in i and type(dic.get('k1')==list): ''' 判断 "k1"是否存在字典中且对应的键值是否是一个列表 ''' for index,k in enumerate(li): ''' 遍历列表中的索引和索引对应的列表元素 ''' if index%2 == 1: ''' 判断索引是否为奇数 ''' dic['k1'].append(li[index]) else: print(len(dic)) #验证 dic['k1'] = [] for index,k in enumerate(li): if index%2 == 1: dic['k1'].append(li[index]) print(dic)