关于识别及控制硬盘和USB等外设的一些问题？请提供思路或是相关资料，谢谢

在98,2000,me,NT下，
1.我编程时怎么知道哪一个是“我的电脑”：例如：我的桌面上有包含C:,D:的“我的电脑”，另外我新建了一个文件夹，也叫“我的电脑”，编程时如何区别两者？利用注册表中的GUID?如何利用GUID?
2.我自己的程序怎么像操作系统那样能够随时知道USB外设或是其他硬件连通还是断开，类似这样的实时监控要利用什么方法做？消息循环？
3.像虚拟光驱，USB硬盘这类东西装到电脑上后会自动分到F:,G:之类的盘符，那么我如何知道哪个盘符对应哪个设备，如：我安装了两个不同的虚拟光驱软件和两个不同的USB硬盘，结果出现了四个盘符:F:,G:,H:,I:,随着我插入USB硬盘的次序不同，这四个盘符的对应关系也会变化，那么我在编程时如何知道某一个盘符就是我想要的那一个呢？是不是要利用设备驱动之类的方法？

另外最好能做到98,2000,me,NT兼容，比如说我试着用注册表中的GUID方法来解决，可发现98和2000放置驱动程序GUID的位置不一样，还有听说2000不支持VxD

请提供思路或是相关资料，谢谢

22 个解决方案

#1

help

#2

up一下

#3

1、既然98、NT不一样，你把每一个都找出准确位置。程序头加上一段宏，根据操作系统版本，定义不同的常量值。
2、一点思路：在98下，拿掉USB没有提示，在ME下，有提示，你可以跟踪一下，看看调用的是什么。资料没有，笨方法，假如知道容量，可以穷举盘符，比较容量

#4

#5

#6

no_limit(一切反动派都是纸老虎) ：
穷举盘符是好办法，可如果两个USB容量相同就不行了

#7

1、可以用GetDesktopFolder来得到指向桌面的IShellFolder，然后用IShellFolder的EnumObjects来得到桌面上的所有对象，然后就可以得到每个对象的所有属性，你自然就可以知道哪个是文件夹，哪个是真的“我的电脑”了。
2、做一个死循环的线程不断去查就好了。
3、用GetDriveType可以区分cdrom和usb盘，不知道你要区分到什么程度？如果要再详细的信息的话，可以再查一下与IShellFolder相关的函数和信息。

#8

kicku():
我是在用GetDesktopFolder来得到指向桌面的IShellFolder，然后用IShellFolder的EnumObjects来得到桌面上的所有对象，然后就可以得到每个对象的所有属性，可我还是不知道该怎么区分，属性中没有这项功能
死循环的线程不断去查-----操作系统是这样做的吗？
GetDriveType可以区分cdrom和usb盘，但是如何知道哪一个盘符是cdrom，哪一个盘符是usb盘？？？

#9

#10

#11

// shellfolder.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <comdef.h>
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <objbase.h>
#include <shlobj.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <shlwapi.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
CoInitialize(NULL);
USES_CONVERSION;
IShellFolder* pDesktop;
IEnumIDList* pIdList;
ITEMIDLIST* pItemList;
STRRET strRet;
LPSTR str;
HRESULT hr;
ULONG rgf;

hr = SHGetDesktopFolder(&pDesktop);
hr = pDesktop->EnumObjects(NULL, SHCONTF_FOLDERS, &pIdList);
while(pIdList->Next(1, &pItemList, NULL) != S_FALSE) {
hr = pDesktop->GetDisplayNameOf(pItemList, SHGDN_NORMAL, &strRet);
if (strRet.uType == STRRET_WSTR) {
str = W2A(strRet.pOleStr);
} else if (strRet.uType == STRRET_CSTR) {
str = strRet.cStr;
}
printf("%s\n", str);
rgf = SFGAO_FILESYSTEM;
hr = pDesktop->GetAttributesOf(1, (LPCITEMIDLIST *)(&pItemList), &rgf);
if (rgf & SFGAO_FILESYSTEM) {
printf("\tIt's a folder!\n");
}
}
CoTaskMemFree(pItemList);
pIdList->Release();
pDesktop->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 0;
}

#12

kicku():
你写的这段代码与我提的问题无关阿？
你这段代码只是遍历了桌面，然后把桌面的对象的显示名称打出来，如果是文件夹的话则打印这是文件夹。
我研究了一下，下述代码可以解答我的第一个问题：
LPITEMIDLIST lph,lph1=0;
SHGetSpecialFolderLocation(hwnd,CSIDL_DRIVES,&lph);
HRESULT hres=lpsf->CompareIDs(0,lph,lpi);
hres如果是零，表示他是真正的我的电脑
现在第2，3个问题还是不会。

#13

UP，学习

#14

你不是只要区分是“我的电脑”还是一个文件夹么？那我的程序就可以了啊..... ;-)

第二个问题，就用一个死循环吧，没问题的。

第三个问题，先用GetLogicDrives得到当前系统里所有的盘符，然后用一个循环，一个一个GetDriveType试吧....很快的....

#15

kicku() :
1.如果“我的电脑”被改名了，或是英文版的“my computer”,那你这招就不灵了。我要的是真正的“我的电脑”，不论任何情况都能被程序认出，我研究的那段代码可以做到：
     LPITEMIDLIST    lph,lph1=0;
     SHGetSpecialFolderLocation(hwnd,CSIDL_DRIVES,&lph);
     HRESULT hres=lpsf->CompareIDs(0,lph,lpi);  //lpi是传过来的要比较的LPITEMIDLIST，如果hres等于0，那么lpi所代表的就是真正的“我的电脑”
2.辅助线程死循环，那么辅助线程被杀死（比如用2000的任务管理器）怎么办？
3.GetDriveType只能获得磁盘的简单信息，我要的是跟驱动相关的信息，我研究了一下，确实是利用GUID来解决，主要利用函数SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty把磁盘的GUID读出来，不管它放在注册表的那个位置，然后一比较就OK了

#16

2、
首先，task manager看不到线程。
然后......
只要是程序就会被杀死啊，用service倒是杀不死，可是服务可以停掉啊。只要用户有管理员的权限，想不让你运行还不简单啊？

#17

kicku() :
第二个问题也有方法了，设备发生变化时windows会发出WM_DEVICECHANGE消息，哈哈哈....
这样三个问题就都解决了，多谢帮忙。

#18

(代码分为两部分放上来)
通常情况下,我们通过0XEC命令对IDE端口进行监测.获取硬盘信息.
一般情况下,我们就写个VXD或者DRIVER来完成.但是现在,通过MS的S.M.A.R.T.接口,我们可以直接从RING3调用API DeviceIoControl()来获取硬盘信息.下面乃是我的例程:
另外,也有编译好的版本供大家平时使用.欢迎下载.
*注:在WIN98SE,WINDOWS ME中,S.M.A.R.T并不缺省安装.请将SMARTVSD.VXD拷贝到%SYSTEM%\IOSUBSYS目录下.
在WINDOWS2000下,由于非ADMINISTRATORS组的用户对硬盘连GENERIC_READ的权限也没有,所以请以ADMINISTRATOR登录后使用.
/*+++
HDID.CPP
Written by Lu Lin
http://lu0.126.com
2000.11.3
---*/
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define DFP_GET_VERSION 0x00074080
#define DFP_SEND_DRIVE_COMMAND 0x0007c084
#define DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA 0x0007c088

#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct _GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS {
BYTE bVersion;  // Binary driver version.
BYTE bRevision;  // Binary driver revision.
BYTE bReserved;  // Not used.
BYTE bIDEDeviceMap; // Bit map of IDE devices.
DWORD fCapabilities; // Bit mask of driver capabilities.
DWORD dwReserved[4]; // For future use.
} GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS, *PGETVERSIONOUTPARAMS, *LPGETVERSIONOUTPARAMS;

typedef struct _IDEREGS {
BYTE bFeaturesReg;  // Used for specifying SMART "commands".
BYTE bSectorCountReg; // IDE sector count register
BYTE bSectorNumberReg; // IDE sector number register
BYTE bCylLowReg;  // IDE low order cylinder value
BYTE bCylHighReg;  // IDE high order cylinder value
BYTE bDriveHeadReg;  // IDE drive/head register
BYTE bCommandReg;  // Actual IDE command.
BYTE bReserved;  // reserved for future use.  Must be zero.
} IDEREGS, *PIDEREGS, *LPIDEREGS;

typedef struct _SENDCMDINPARAMS {
DWORD cBufferSize;  // Buffer size in bytes
IDEREGS irDriveRegs;  // Structure with drive register values.
BYTE bDriveNumber;  // Physical drive number to send
      // command to (0,1,2,3).
BYTE bReserved[3];  // Reserved for future expansion.
DWORD dwReserved[4];  // For future use.
//BYTE  bBuffer[1];  // Input buffer.
} SENDCMDINPARAMS, *PSENDCMDINPARAMS, *LPSENDCMDINPARAMS;

typedef struct _DRIVERSTATUS {
BYTE bDriverError;  // Error code from driver,
      // or 0 if no error.
BYTE bIDEStatus;  // Contents of IDE Error register.
      // Only valid when bDriverError
      // is SMART_IDE_ERROR.
BYTE bReserved[2];  // Reserved for future expansion.
DWORD dwReserved[2];  // Reserved for future expansion.
} DRIVERSTATUS, *PDRIVERSTATUS, *LPDRIVERSTATUS;

typedef struct _SENDCMDOUTPARAMS {
DWORD    cBufferSize;  // Size of bBuffer in bytes
DRIVERSTATUS DriverStatus;  // Driver status structure.
BYTE  bBuffer[512];  // Buffer of arbitrary length
        // in which to store the data read from the drive.
} SENDCMDOUTPARAMS, *PSENDCMDOUTPARAMS, *LPSENDCMDOUTPARAMS;

typedef struct _IDSECTOR {
USHORT wGenConfig;
USHORT wNumCyls;
USHORT wReserved;
USHORT wNumHeads;
USHORT wBytesPerTrack;
USHORT wBytesPerSector;
USHORT wSectorsPerTrack;
USHORT wVendorUnique[3];
CHAR sSerialNumber[20];
USHORT wBufferType;
USHORT wBufferSize;
USHORT wECCSize;
CHAR sFirmwareRev[8];
CHAR sModelNumber[40];
USHORT wMoreVendorUnique;
USHORT wDoubleWordIO;
USHORT wCapabilities;
USHORT wReserved1;
USHORT wPIOTiming;
USHORT wDMATiming;
USHORT wBS;
USHORT wNumCurrentCyls;
USHORT wNumCurrentHeads;
USHORT wNumCurrentSectorsPerTrack;
ULONG ulCurrentSectorCapacity;
USHORT wMultSectorStuff;
ULONG ulTotalAddressableSectors;
USHORT wSingleWordDMA;
USHORT wMultiWordDMA;
BYTE bReserved[128];
} IDSECTOR, *PIDSECTOR;

/*+++
Global vars
---*/
GETVERSIONOUTPARAMS vers;
SENDCMDINPARAMS in;
SENDCMDOUTPARAMS out;
HANDLE h;
DWORD i;
BYTE j;

void CopyRight(){
cerr<<endl<<"HDD identifier v1.0 for WIN95/98/Me/NT/2000. written by Lu Lin"<<endl;
cerr<<"For more information, please visit Inside Programming: http://lu0.126.com"<<endl;
cerr<<"2000.11.3"<<endl<<endl;
}

#19

VOID ChangeByteOrder(PCHAR szString, USHORT uscStrSize)
{

USHORT i;
CHAR temp;
for (i = 0; i < uscStrSize; i+=2)
{
temp = szString[i];
szString[i] = szString[i+1];
szString[i+1] = temp;
}
}

void DetectIDE(BYTE bIDEDeviceMap){
if (bIDEDeviceMap&1){
if (bIDEDeviceMap&16){
  cout<<"ATAPI device is attached to primary controller, drive 0."<<endl;
}else{
  cout<<"IDE device is attached to primary controller, drive 0."<<endl;
}
}
if (bIDEDeviceMap&2){
if (bIDEDeviceMap&32){
  cout<<"ATAPI device is attached to primary controller, drive 1."<<endl;
}else{
  cout<<"IDE device is attached to primary controller, drive 1."<<endl;
}
}
if (bIDEDeviceMap&4){
if (bIDEDeviceMap&64){
  cout<<"ATAPI device is attached to secondary controller, drive 0."<<endl;
}else{
  cout<<"IDE device is attached to secondary controller, drive 0."<<endl;
}
}
if (bIDEDeviceMap&8){
if (bIDEDeviceMap&128){
  cout<<"ATAPI device is attached to secondary controller, drive 1."<<endl;
}else{
  cout<<"IDE device is attached to secondary controller, drive 1."<<endl;
}
}
}

void hdid9x(){
ZeroMemory(&vers,sizeof(vers));
//We start in 95/98/Me
h=CreateFile("\\\\.\\Smartvsd",0,0,0,CREATE_NEW,0,0);
if (!h){
cout<<"open smartvsd.vxd failed"<<endl;
exit(0);
}

if (!DeviceIoControl(h,DFP_GET_VERSION,0,0,&vers,sizeof(vers),&i,0)){
cout<<"DeviceIoControl failed:DFP_GET_VERSION"<<endl;
CloseHandle(h);
return;
}
//If IDE identify command not supported, fails
if (!(vers.fCapabilities&1)){
cout<<"Error: IDE identify command not supported.";
CloseHandle(h);
return;
}
//Display IDE drive number detected
DetectIDE(vers.bIDEDeviceMap);
//Identify the IDE drives
for (j=0;j<4;j++){
PIDSECTOR phdinfo;
char s[41];

ZeroMemory(&in,sizeof(in));
ZeroMemory(&out,sizeof(out));
if (j&1){
  in.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg=0xb0;
}else{
  in.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg=0xa0;
}
if (vers.fCapabilities&(16>>j)){
  //We don't detect a ATAPI device.
  cout<<"Drive "<<(int)(j+1)<<" is a ATAPI device, we don't detect it"<<endl;
  continue;
}else{
  in.irDriveRegs.bCommandReg=0xec;
}
in.bDriveNumber=j;
in.irDriveRegs.bSectorCountReg=1;
in.irDriveRegs.bSectorNumberReg=1;
in.cBufferSize=512;
if (!DeviceIoControl(h,DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA,&in,sizeof(in),&out,sizeof(out),&i,0)){
  cout<<"DeviceIoControl failed:DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA"<<endl;
  CloseHandle(h);
  return;
}
phdinfo=(PIDSECTOR)out.bBuffer;
memcpy(s,phdinfo->sModelNumber,40);
s[40]=0;
ChangeByteOrder(s,40);
cout<<endl<<"Module Number:"<<s<<endl;
memcpy(s,phdinfo->sFirmwareRev,8);
s[8]=0;
ChangeByteOrder(s,8);
cout<<"\tFirmware rev:"<<s<<endl;
memcpy(s,phdinfo->sSerialNumber,20);
s[20]=0;
ChangeByteOrder(s,20);
cout<<"\tSerial Number:"<<s<<endl;
cout<<"\tCapacity:"<<phdinfo->ulTotalAddressableSectors/2/1024<<"M"<<endl<<endl;
}

//Close handle before quit
CloseHandle(h);
CopyRight();

}

void hdidnt(){
char hd[80];
PIDSECTOR phdinfo;
char s[41];

ZeroMemory(&vers,sizeof(vers));
//We start in NT/Win2000
for (j=0;j<4;j++){
sprintf(hd,"\\\\.\\PhysicalDrive%d",j);
h=CreateFile(hd,GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,
  FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE,0,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0);
if (!h){
  continue;
}
if (!DeviceIoControl(h,DFP_GET_VERSION,0,0,&vers,sizeof(vers),&i,0)){
  CloseHandle(h);
  continue;
}
//If IDE identify command not supported, fails
if (!(vers.fCapabilities&1)){
  cout<<"Error: IDE identify command not supported.";
  CloseHandle(h);
  return;
}
//Identify the IDE drives
ZeroMemory(&in,sizeof(in));
ZeroMemory(&out,sizeof(out));
if (j&1){
  in.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg=0xb0;
}else{
  in.irDriveRegs.bDriveHeadReg=0xa0;
}
if (vers.fCapabilities&(16>>j)){
  //We don't detect a ATAPI device.
cout<<"Drive "<<(int)(j+1)<<" is a ATAPI device, we don't detect it"<<endl;
  continue;
}else{
  in.irDriveRegs.bCommandReg=0xec;
}
in.bDriveNumber=j;
in.irDriveRegs.bSectorCountReg=1;
in.irDriveRegs.bSectorNumberReg=1;
in.cBufferSize=512;
if (!DeviceIoControl(h,DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA,&in,sizeof(in),&out,sizeof(out),&i,0)){
  cout<<"DeviceIoControl failed:DFP_RECEIVE_DRIVE_DATA"<<endl;
  CloseHandle(h);
  return;
}
phdinfo=(PIDSECTOR)out.bBuffer;
memcpy(s,phdinfo->sModelNumber,40);
s[40]=0;
ChangeByteOrder(s,40);
cout<<endl<<"Module Number:"<<s<<endl;
memcpy(s,phdinfo->sFirmwareRev,8);
s[8]=0;
ChangeByteOrder(s,8);
cout<<"\tFirmware rev:"<<s<<endl;
memcpy(s,phdinfo->sSerialNumber,20);
s[20]=0;
ChangeByteOrder(s,20);
cout<<"\tSerial Number:"<<s<<endl;
cout<<"\tCapacity:"<<phdinfo->ulTotalAddressableSectors/2/1024<<"M"<<endl<<endl;
CloseHandle(h);
}
CopyRight();
}

void main(){
OSVERSIONINFO VersionInfo;

ZeroMemory(&VersionInfo,sizeof(VersionInfo));
VersionInfo.dwOSVersionInfoSize=sizeof(VersionInfo);
GetVersionEx(&VersionInfo);

switch (VersionInfo.dwPlatformId){
case VER_PLATFORM_WIN32s:
cout<<"Win32s is not supported by this programm."<<endl;
return;
case VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS:
hdid9x();
return;
case VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT:
hdidnt();
return;
}
}

#20

特别提示
上面的程序可以获得银盘的序号和特别标示功能
如S.M.A.T.P等的参数

但是必须在WIN2000,WINXP操作系统上实现

#21

baoch110(来自北方的包子) ：
    2000不支持VxD吧？
    利用下述方法也可以获得硬盘的相关信息：
    主要就是两个函数，一个是你说的DeviceIoControl()，另一个是SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
On Win2k you open the root device for each drive letter (DriveToOpen="C:",
"D:", etc.)
Then do the following to get the scsi disk id:
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
        hDevice = CreateFile(
            DriveToOpen,                                                //
device interface name
            GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,       // dwDesiredAccess
            FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, // dwShareMode
            NULL,                               // lpSecurityAttributes
            OPEN_EXISTING,                      // dwCreationDistribution
            0,                                  // dwFlagsAndAttributes
            NULL                                // hTemplateFile
        );
     // query the info
    query.PropertyId = StorageDeviceProperty;
    query.QueryType = PropertyStandardQuery;
        status = DeviceIoControl(
                        hDevice,
                        IOCTL_STORAGE_QUERY_PROPERTY,
                        &query,
                        sizeof( STORAGE_PROPERTY_QUERY ),
                        &outBuf,
                        512,
                        &returnedLength,
                        NULL
                );
       devDesc = (PSTORAGE_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR) outBuf;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
On Win9x you enumerate all the drives using the SetupDi interfaces:
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
    //
    // Create a Device Information Set with all present devices.
    //
    DeviceInfoSet = SetupDiGetClassDevs(
                        (LPGUID)&GUID_DEVCLASS_DISKDRIVE,
                        0,
                        0,
                        DIGCF_PRESENT
                );
    //
    //  Enumerate through all Devices.
    //
    DeviceInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
    for( i=0; SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(DeviceInfoSet,i,&DeviceInfoData); i++ )
    {
SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(
                                DeviceInfoSet,
                                &DeviceInfoData,
                                SPDRP_HARDWAREID,
                                &DataT,
                                (PBYTE)buffer,
                                buffersize,
                                &buffersize
                        );
另：你的主页很好，向你学习

#22

> 设备发生变化时windows会发出WM_DEVICECHANGE消息，哈哈哈....

这么牛？这都有消息？我一直以为要注册个回调才能得到这样的通知呢...... ;-)

#1