web应用验证码的组成:
(1)输入框
(2)显示验证码的图片
验证码的制作流程:
生成验证码的容器使用 j2ee的servlet
生成图片需要的类:
(1) bufferedimage 图像数据缓冲区
(2)graphic绘制图片
(3)color获取颜色
(4)random生成随机数
(5)imageio输入图片
具体实现流程:
(1)定义一个servlet,用于生成验证码
(2)定已bufferedimage对象,主要作用就是制作一个图片缓冲区,作为图片的一个临时容器。
(3)获得graphic对象,画图的“背景”,理解为"画布"
(4)通过random生成随机数,来制作验证信息
(5)通过graphic操作,进行具体画图
(6)信息存至session中
(7)使用imageio输出生成的图片,通过设置imageio的 write()方法中的out参数,response.getoutputstream(),将图片传至前台
(8)制作验证用的servlet,提取session中的数据进行验证(这里采用ajax异步方法)
具体代码实现(web端验证码实例)
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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv= "content-type" content= "text/html; charset=utf-8" >
<title>java验证码</title>
<script src= "https://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js" ></script>
</head>
<body>
验证码输入:<input type= "text" name= "checkcode" >
<img id= "codeimg" alt= "验证码" src= "imageservlet" >
<a href= "javascript:reloadcode();" >看不出清楚?</a><br/>
<input type= "submit" value= "提交" >
<div id= "info" style= "color:red;" ></div>
<script type= "text/javascript" >
$(function(){
//ajax异步传验证码至后台
$( "input[type=submit]" ).click(function(){
$.post( "checkcode" ,
{ "code" :$( "input[name=checkcode]" ).val()},
function(data,textstatus)
{
console.log(textstatus);
$( "#info" ).html(data);
}, "text" );
});
})
//js刷新,重新请求页面,获得新的验证码
function reloadcode(){
var time = new date().gettime(); //创建不同的时间
$( "#codeimg" ).attr( "src" , "imageservlet?time=" +time); //因为时间参数不同,请求重新
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
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imageservlet类(验证码生成部分)
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@webservlet ( "/imageservlet" )
public class imageservlet extends httpservlet {
private static final long serialversionuid = 1l;
/**
* @see httpservlet#httpservlet()
*/
public imageservlet() {
super ();
// todo auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see httpservlet#doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response)
*/
protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception {
// todo auto-generated method stub
bufferedimage bimg = new bufferedimage( 68 , 22 , bufferedimage.type_int_rgb);
graphics g = bimg.getgraphics();
color color = new color( 200 , 151 , 255 ); //颜色生成
g.setcolor(color);
g.fillrect( 0 , 0 , 68 , 22 );
char [] ch= "abcdefghjiklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789" .tochararray(); //获得一个含有字母和数字的数组,后续随机从中获取字符
random random = new random(); //创建随机数
int len = ch.length,index;
stringbuffer sbuffer = new stringbuffer();
//循环产生4个随机字符
for ( int i = 0 ;i< 4 ;i++)
{
index = random.nextint(len); //产生随机字母与数字
g.setcolor( new color(random.nextint( 88 ),random.nextint( 120 ),random.nextint( 90 ))); //创建随机颜色
g.drawstring(ch[index]+ "" , (i)* 15 + 3 , 18 );
sbuffer.append(ch[index]); //将随机获取的字符放置缓冲串中
}
request.getsession().setattribute( "newcode" , sbuffer.tostring()); //存至session便于后续验证
imageio.write(bimg, "jpg" , response.getoutputstream()); //通过imageio输出图片,并传至前台
}
/**
* @see httpservlet#dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response)
*/
protected void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception {
// todo auto-generated method stub
doget(request, response);
}
}
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checkcode(验证码验证servlet)
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@webservlet ( "/checkcode" )
public class checkcode extends httpservlet {
private static final long serialversionuid = 1l;
/**
* @see httpservlet#httpservlet()
*/
public checkcode() {
super ();
// todo auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see httpservlet#doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response)
*/
protected void doget(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception {
// todo auto-generated method stub
response.setcharacterencoding( "utf-8" );
string code = request.getparameter( "code" ).touppercase(); //获取传来验证码并进行大小写转换
string result= null ;
if (request.getsession().getattribute( "newcode" ).equals(code))
{
result= "验证成功!" ;
response.getwriter().append(result);
}
else {
result= "验证码错误!" ;
response.getwriter().append(result);
}
}
/**
* @see httpservlet#dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response)
*/
protected void dopost(httpservletrequest request, httpservletresponse response) throws servletexception, ioexception {
// todo auto-generated method stub
doget(request, response);
}
}
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/TheGCC/p/8903586.html