做iOS开发要经常用到UILabel。UILabel一般只适用一些简单的文字显示。当需要复杂的图文混排的时候,可以用CoreText来做。但是CoreText用法复杂,当我们遇到一些不是很复杂的交互需求时,用CoreText就有点杀鸡用牛刀的意思。这里介绍一下我在项目里遇到的一个案例。
先来看看效果:
这里要求文字都是竖排显示,并且当文字是非汉字的时候又要把文字侧过来以方便阅读。
下面就介绍一下我实现这个需求的过程。
一、计算label的高度
在很多场景下,我们需要事先知道这个label的size,下面这个方法可以计算在已知width、font和label中的text内容的情况下,这个label的高度。
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- (CGSize)getSize:(NSString *)detail font:(UIFont *)font width:(
float
)width
{
CGSize constraint = CGSizeMake(width,
20000
.0f);
CGSize size = [detail sizeWithFont:font constrainedToSize:constraint lineBreakMode:UILineBreakModeCharacterWrap];
return
size;
}
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利用这个方法也可以简单的实现竖排显示文字,只需要把width参数设置成一个字符的宽度就可以。一般字体大小在14 – 20之间,width参数设置为14.0
二、如何让label置顶或其它
label默认的textAlignment只有UITextAlignmentLeft、UITextAlignmentCenter、UITextAlignmentRight三种。
在需要文字居顶,居底时,UILabel的api就不够用了。不过这个时候我们可以通过重写UILabel的- (CGRect)textRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds limitedToNumberOfLines:(NSInteger)numberOfLines方法来实现。代码如下:
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- (CGRect)textRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds limitedToNumberOfLines:(NSInteger)numberOfLines
{
CGRect textRect = [
super
textRectForBounds:bounds limitedToNumberOfLines:numberOfLines];
switch
(self.verticalAlignment) {
case
VerticalAlignmentTop:
textRect.origin.y = bounds.origin.y;
break
;
case
VerticalAlignmentBottom:
textRect.origin.y = bounds.origin.y + bounds.size.height - textRect.size.height;
break
;
case
VerticalAlignmentMiddle:
// Fall through.
default
:
textRect.origin.y = bounds.origin.y + (bounds.size.height - textRect.size.height) /
2.0
;
}
return
textRect;
}
// 然后在drawTextInRect:方法中使用重新计算的CGRect
-(
void
)drawTextInRect:(CGRect)requestedRect
{
CGRect actualRect = [self textRectForBounds:requestedRect limitedToNumberOfLines:self.numberOfLines];
[
super
drawTextInRect:actualRect];
}
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三、竖排显示文字时,如何让汉字竖排,而英文和数字为横排
汉字竖排显示没有压力,但是如果英文也都竖排显示就很难读懂了。
我这里的做法是:
1、拆分label的内容,把汉字、英文拆分开,并放在多个label中显示。
2、英文横排显示,然后把label旋转90度。
代码如下:
a) 拆分内容
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/**
* 拆分标题中的中文与非中文
*/
- (NSArray *)splitTitle:(NSString *)title
{
NSArray *stringItemArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
int
type =
0
;
if
([self isChinese:title index:
0
]) {
type =
1
;
}
else
{
type =
0
;
}
int
fromIndex =
0
;
int
toIndex =
0
;
for
(
int
i =
1
; i < title.length; i++) {
if
(type ==
1
) {
if
([self isChinese:title index:i]) {
if
(i == title.length -
1
) {
StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];
item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];
item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];
[stringItemArray addObject:item];
[item release];
}
toIndex = i;
}
else
{
type =
0
;
StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];
item.isChinese = YES;
item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, toIndex - fromIndex +
1
)];
[stringItemArray addObject:item];
[item release];
fromIndex = i;
toIndex = i;
if
(i == title.length -
1
) {
StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];
item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];
item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];
[stringItemArray addObject:item];
[item release];
}
}
}
else
{
if
(![self isChinese:title index:i]) {
if
(i == title.length -
1
) {
StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];
item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];
item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];
[stringItemArray addObject:item];
[item release];
}
toIndex = i;
}
else
{
type =
1
;
StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];
item.isChinese = NO;
item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, toIndex - fromIndex +
1
)];
[stringItemArray addObject:item];
[item release];
fromIndex = i;
toIndex = i;
if
(i == title.length -
1
) {
StringItem *item = [[StringItem alloc] init];
item.isChinese = [self isChinese:title index:i];
item.content = [title substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(fromIndex, title.length - fromIndex)];
[stringItemArray addObject:item];
[item release];
}
}
}
}
return
stringItemArray;
}
//判断是否是中文
- (BOOL)isChinese:(NSString *)str index:(
int
)index
{
NSRange range = NSMakeRange(index,
1
);
NSString *subString = [str substringWithRange:range];
const
char
*cString = [subString UTF8String];
if
(strlen(cString) ==
3
) {
return
YES;
}
else
{
return
NO;
}
}
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b) 处理多个label,非中文的label旋转90度
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CGRect frame = self.frame;
UIFont *font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:
16
];
float
height =
40
;
for
(StringItem *item in stringItemArray) {
if
(item.isChinese) {
CGSize size = [self getSize:item.content font:font];
VerticallyAlignedLabel *label = [[VerticallyAlignedLabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake((frame.size.width - size.width) /
2
, height, size.width, size.height)];
label.verticalAlignment = VerticalAlignmentTop;
label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
label.textColor = textColor;
label.font = font;
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
[label setLineBreakMode:UILineBreakModeWordWrap];
label.text = item.content;
label.numberOfLines =
0
;
[self addSubview:label];
height = height + label.frame.size.height;
}
else
{
CGSize size = [self getVerSize:item.content font:font];
VerticallyAlignedLabel *label = [[VerticallyAlignedLabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake((frame.size.width - size.height) /
2
, height, size.height > frame.size.height - height ? frame.size.height - height : size.width, size.height)];
label.verticalAlignment = VerticalAlignmentTop;
label.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
label.textColor = textColor;
label.font = font;
label.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
[label setLineBreakMode:UILineBreakModeWordWrap];
label.text = item.content;
label.numberOfLines =
1
;
label.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI_2);
label.frame = CGRectMake((frame.size.width - label.frame.size.width) /
2
, height, label.frame.size.width, label.frame.size.height);
[self addSubview:label];
height = height + label.frame.size.height;
}
}
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这样我们就可以用一些简单的api去实现优雅的竖排文字显示。而不需要复杂的CoreText去实现了。
但是如果是复杂的图文混排,最好还是用CoreText去实现。CoreText的用法以后会介绍。