在Java中，有没有办法编写字符串文字而不必转义引号？

Say you have a String literal with a lot of quotation marks inside it. You could escape them all, but it's a pain, and difficult to read.

假设你有一个字符串文字，里面有很多引号。你可以逃脱它们，但这是一种痛苦，难以阅读。

In some languages, you can just do this:

在某些语言中，您可以这样做：

foo = '"Hello, World"';

In Java, however, '' is used for chars, so you can't use it for Strings this way. Some languages have syntax to work around this. For example, in python, you can do this:

但是，在Java中，''用于表示字符，所以你不能以这种方式将它用于字符串。有些语言有解决此问题的语法。例如，在python中，您可以这样做：

"""A pretty "convenient" string"""

Does Java have anything similar?

Java有类似的东西吗？

7 个解决方案

#1

The answer is no, and the proof resides in the Java Language Specification:

答案是否定的，证据在于Java语言规范：

  StringLiteral:
   "StringCharacters"

  StringCharacters:
   StringCharacter
   | StringCharacters StringCharacter

  StringCharacter:
   InputCharacter but not " or \
   | EscapeSequence

As you can see a StringLiteral can just be bound by " and cannot contain special character without escapes..

正如您所看到的，StringLiteral只能被“绑定”并且不能包含没有转义的特殊字符。

A side note: you can embed Groovy inside your project, this will extend the syntax of Java allowing you to use '''multi line string ''', ' "string with single quotes" ' and also "string with ${variable}".

附注：您可以在项目中嵌入Groovy，这将扩展Java的语法，允许您使用'''多行字符串'''，'带单引号的字符串''以及带有$ {variable}的字符串”。

#2

116

No, and I've always been annoyed by the lack of different string-literal syntaxes in Java.

不，我一直对Java中缺少不同的字符串文字语法感到恼火。

Here's a trick I've used from time to time:

这是我不时使用的一个技巧：

String myString = "using `backticks` instead of quotes".replace('`', '"');

I mainly only do something like that for a static field. Since it's static the string-replace code gets called once, upon initialization of the class. So the runtime performance penalty is practically nonexistent, and it makes the code considerably more legible.

我主要只为静态字段做类似的事情。由于它是静态的，所以在初始化类时，字符串替换代码会被调用一次。因此，运行时性能损失实际上是不存在的，并且它使代码更加清晰。

#3

you can also use StringEscapeUtils from apache commons

你也可以使用apache commons中的StringEscapeUtils

UPDATE: If someone is interested in some examples here is a useful link : http://java.dzone.com/articles/commons-lang-3-improved-and-powerful-StringEscapeUtils

更新：如果某人对某些示例感兴趣，这里有一个有用的链接：http：//java.dzone.com/articles/commons-lang-3-improved-and-powerful-StringEscapeUtils

#4

Simple answer: No.

简单回答：没有。

For longer strings that must be escaped, I usually read them from some external resource.

对于必须转义的较长字符串，我通常从一些外部资源中读取它们。

#5

There might be in a future version of Java (10 or more).

可能存在Java的未来版本（10或更多）。

See JEPS 8196004 from January 2018: ("JEP" is the "JDK Enhancement Program")

从2018年1月开始参见JEPS 8196004 :(“JEP”是“JDK增强计划”）

JEP draft: Raw String Literals

Add a new kind of literal, a raw string literal, to the Java programming language.
Like the traditional string literal, a raw string literal produces a String, but does not interpret string escapes and can span multiple lines of source code.

将一种新的文字（原始字符串文字）添加到Java编程语言中。与传统的字符串文字一样，原始字符串文字生成一个String，但不解释字符串转义，并且可以跨越多行源代码。

So instead of:

所以代替：

Runtime.getRuntime().exec("\"C:\\Program Files\\foo\" bar");
String html = "<html>\n"
              "    <body>\n" +
              "         <p>Hello World.</p>\n" +
              "    </body>\n" +
              "</html>\n";
System.out.println("this".matches("\\w\\w\\w\\w"));

You would be able to type:

你可以输入：

Runtime.getRuntime().exec(`"C:\Program Files\foo" bar"`);

String html = `<html>
                   <body>
                       <p>Hello World.</p>
                   </body>
               </html>
              `;

System.out.println("this".matches(`\w\w\w\w`));

Neat!

整齐！

But it is still just a draft: it will need to posted, submitted, be a candidate, and funded, before being completed and making it into the next JDK.

但它仍然只是一个草案：在完成并进入下一个JDK之前，它需要发布，提交，成为候选人并获得资助。

#6

-2

The following seems to work for me:

以下似乎对我有用：

String x = "Some Text" + '"' + "More Text" + '"' + "Even More Text";

I think because char is the primitive variable type for String, Strings and chars can be combined (at least the eclipse compiler doesn't seem to complain).

我认为因为char是String的原始变量类型，所以可以组合字符串和字符（至少eclipse编译器似乎没有抱怨）。

#7

-3

If you want to escape ' or " in your string, you can use the following code:

如果要在字符串中转义“或”，可以使用以下代码：

String text = ...

text = text.replaceAll("('|\")", "\\\\$1");

#1