前言
在上一篇中实现了resource owner password credentials和client credentials模式:http://www.cnblogs.com/skig/p/6079457.html ,而这篇介绍实现AuthorizationCode模式。
OAuth2.0授权框架文档说明参考:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749 ;
ASP.NET Core开发OAuth2的项目使用了IdentityServer4,参考:https://identityserver4.readthedocs.io/en/dev/,源码:https://github.com/IdentityServer ;
.NET中开发OAuth2可使用OWIN,可参考:https://www.asp.net/aspnet/overview/owin-and-katana/owin-oauth-20-authorization-server
ASP.NET Core实现OAuth2的AuthorizationCode模式
授权服务器
Program.cs --> Main方法中:需要调用UseUrls设置IdentityServer4授权服务的IP地址
var host = new WebHostBuilder()
.UseKestrel()
//IdentityServer4的使用需要配置UseUrls
.UseUrls("http://localhost:5114")
.UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
.UseIISIntegration()
.UseStartup<Startup>()
.Build();
Startup.cs -->ConfigureServices方法中的配置:
//RSA:证书长度2048以上,否则抛异常
//配置AccessToken的加密证书
var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
//从配置文件获取加密证书
rsa.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(Configuration["SigningCredential"]));
//配置IdentityServer4
services.AddSingleton<IClientStore, MyClientStore>(); //注入IClientStore的实现,可用于运行时校验Client
services.AddSingleton<IScopeStore, MyScopeStore>(); //注入IScopeStore的实现,可用于运行时校验Scope
//注入IPersistedGrantStore的实现,用于存储AuthorizationCode和RefreshToken等等,默认实现是存储在内存中,
//如果服务重启那么这些数据就会被清空了,因此可实现IPersistedGrantStore将这些数据写入到数据库或者NoSql(Redis)中
services.AddSingleton<IPersistedGrantStore, MyPersistedGrantStore>();
services.AddIdentityServer()
.AddSigningCredential(new RsaSecurityKey(rsa));
//.AddTemporarySigningCredential() //生成临时的加密证书,每次重启服务都会重新生成
//.AddInMemoryScopes(Config.GetScopes()) //将Scopes设置到内存中
//.AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients()) //将Clients设置到内存中
Startup.cs --> Configure方法中的配置:
//使用IdentityServer4
app.UseIdentityServer();
//使用Cookie模块
app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
{
AuthenticationScheme = IdentityServerConstants.ExternalCookieAuthenticationScheme,
AutomaticAuthenticate = false,
AutomaticChallenge = false
});
Client配置
方式一:
.AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients()) //将Clients设置到内存中,IdentityServer4从中获取进行验证
方式二(推荐):
services.AddSingleton<IClientStore, MyClientStore>(); //注入IClientStore的实现,用于运行时获取和校验Client
IClientStore的实现
public class MyClientStore : IClientStore
{
readonly Dictionary<string, Client> _clients;
readonly IScopeStore _scopes;
public MyClientStore(IScopeStore scopes)
{
_scopes = scopes;
_clients = new Dictionary<string, Client>()
{
{
"auth_clientid",
new Client
{
ClientId = "auth_clientid",
ClientName = "AuthorizationCode Clientid",
AllowedGrantTypes = new string[] { GrantType.AuthorizationCode }, //允许AuthorizationCode模式
ClientSecrets =
{
new Secret("secret".Sha256())
},
RedirectUris = { "http://localhost:6321/Home/AuthCode" },
PostLogoutRedirectUris = { "http://localhost:6321/" },
//AccessTokenLifetime = 3600, //AccessToken过期时间, in seconds (defaults to 3600 seconds / 1 hour)
//AuthorizationCodeLifetime = 300, //设置AuthorizationCode的有效时间,in seconds (defaults to 300 seconds / 5 minutes)
//AbsoluteRefreshTokenLifetime = 2592000, //RefreshToken的最大过期时间,in seconds. Defaults to 2592000 seconds / 30 day
AllowedScopes = (from l in _scopes.GetEnabledScopesAsync(true).Result select l.Name).ToList(),
}
}
};
} public Task<Client> FindClientByIdAsync(string clientId)
{
Client client;
_clients.TryGetValue(clientId, out client);
return Task.FromResult(client);
}
}
Scope配置
方式一:
.AddInMemoryScopes(Config.GetScopes()) //将Scopes设置到内存中,IdentityServer4从中获取进行验证
方式二(推荐):
services.AddSingleton<IScopeStore, MyScopeStore>(); //注入IScopeStore的实现,用于运行时获取和校验Scope
IScopeStore的实现
public class MyScopeStore : IScopeStore
{
readonly static Dictionary<string, Scope> _scopes = new Dictionary<string, Scope>()
{
{
"api1",
new Scope
{
Name = "api1",
DisplayName = "api1",
Description = "My API",
}
},
{
//RefreshToken的Scope
StandardScopes.OfflineAccess.Name,
StandardScopes.OfflineAccess
},
}; public Task<IEnumerable<Scope>> FindScopesAsync(IEnumerable<string> scopeNames)
{
List<Scope> scopes = new List<Scope>();
if (scopeNames != null)
{
Scope sc;
foreach (var sname in scopeNames)
{
if (_scopes.TryGetValue(sname, out sc))
{
scopes.Add(sc);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
//返回值scopes不能为null
return Task.FromResult<IEnumerable<Scope>>(scopes);
} public Task<IEnumerable<Scope>> GetScopesAsync(bool publicOnly = true)
{
//publicOnly为true:获取public的scope;为false:获取所有的scope
//这里不做区分
return Task.FromResult<IEnumerable<Scope>>(_scopes.Values);
}
}
资源服务器
资源服务器的配置在上一篇中已介绍(http://www.cnblogs.com/skig/p/6079457.html ),详情也可参考源代码。
测试
AuthorizationCode模式的流程图(来自:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749):
流程实现
步骤A
第三方客户端页面简单实现:
点击AccessToken按钮进行访问授权服务器,就是流程图中步骤A:
//访问授权服务器
return Redirect(OAuthConstants.AuthorizationServerBaseAddress + OAuthConstants.AuthorizePath + "?"
+ "response_type=code"
+ "&client_id=" + OAuthConstants.Clientid
+ "&redirect_uri=" + OAuthConstants.AuthorizeCodeCallBackPath
+ "&scope=" + OAuthConstants.Scopes
+ "&state=" + OAuthConstants.State);
步骤B
授权服务器接收到请求后,会判断用户是否已经登陆,如果未登陆那么跳转到登陆页面(如果已经登陆,登陆的一些相关信息会存储在cookie中):
/// <summary>
/// 登陆页面
/// </summary>
[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(string returnUrl)
{
var context = await _interaction.GetAuthorizationContextAsync(returnUrl);
var vm = BuildLoginViewModel(returnUrl, context);
return View(vm);
} /// <summary>
/// 登陆账号验证
/// </summary>
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login(LoginInputModel model)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
//账号密码验证
if (model.Username == "admin" && model.Password == "")
{
AuthenticationProperties props = null;
//判断是否 记住登陆
if (model.RememberLogin)
{
props = new AuthenticationProperties
{
IsPersistent = true,
ExpiresUtc = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddMonths()
};
};
//参数一:Subject,可在资源服务器中获取到,资源服务器通过User.Claims.Where(l => l.Type == "sub").FirstOrDefault();获取
//参数二:账号
await HttpContext.Authentication.SignInAsync("admin", "admin", props);
//验证ReturnUrl,ReturnUrl为重定向到授权页面
if (_interaction.IsValidReturnUrl(model.ReturnUrl))
{
return Redirect(model.ReturnUrl);
}
return Redirect("~/");
}
ModelState.AddModelError("", "Invalid username or password.");
}
//生成错误信息的LoginViewModel
var vm = await BuildLoginViewModelAsync(model);
return View(vm);
}
登陆成功后,重定向到授权页面,询问用户是否授权,就是流程图的步骤B了:
/// <summary>
/// 显示用户可授予的权限
/// </summary>
/// <param name="returnUrl"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> Index(string returnUrl)
{
var vm = await BuildViewModelAsync(returnUrl);
if (vm != null)
{
return View("Index", vm);
} return View("Error", new ErrorViewModel
{
Error = new ErrorMessage { Error = "Invalid Request" },
});
}
步骤C
授权成功,重定向到redirect_uri(步骤A传递的)所指定的地址(第三方端),并且会把Authorization Code也设置到url的参数code中:
/// <summary>
/// 用户授权验证
/// </summary>
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public async Task<IActionResult> Index(ConsentInputModel model)
{
//解析returnUrl
var request = await _interaction.GetAuthorizationContextAsync(model.ReturnUrl);
if (request != null && model != null)
{
if (ModelState.IsValid)
{
ConsentResponse response = null;
//用户不同意授权
if (model.Button == "no")
{
response = ConsentResponse.Denied;
}
//用户同意授权
else if (model.Button == "yes")
{
//设置已选择授权的Scopes
if (model.ScopesConsented != null && model.ScopesConsented.Any())
{
response = new ConsentResponse
{
RememberConsent = model.RememberConsent,
ScopesConsented = model.ScopesConsented
};
}
else
{
ModelState.AddModelError("", "You must pick at least one permission.");
}
}
else
{
ModelState.AddModelError("", "Invalid Selection");
}
if (response != null)
{
//将授权的结果设置到identityserver中
await _interaction.GrantConsentAsync(request, response);
//授权成功重定向
return Redirect(model.ReturnUrl);
}
}
//有错误,重新授权
var vm = await BuildViewModelAsync(model.ReturnUrl, model);
if (vm != null)
{
return View(vm);
}
}
return View("Error", new ErrorViewModel
{
Error = new ErrorMessage { Error = "Invalid Request" },
});
}
步骤D
授权成功后重定向到指定的第三方端(步骤A所指定的redirect_uri),然后这个重定向的地址中去实现获取AccessToken(就是由第三方端实现):
public IActionResult AuthCode(AuthCodeModel model)
{
GrantClientViewModel vmodel = new GrantClientViewModel();
if (model.state == OAuthConstants.State)
{
//通过Authorization Code获取AccessToken
var client = new HttpClientHepler(OAuthConstants.AuthorizationServerBaseAddress + OAuthConstants.TokenPath);
client.PostAsync(null,
"grant_type=" + "authorization_code" +
"&code=" + model.code + //Authorization Code
"&redirect_uri=" + OAuthConstants.AuthorizeCodeCallBackPath +
"&client_id=" + OAuthConstants.Clientid +
"&client_secret=" + OAuthConstants.Secret,
hd => hd.ContentType = new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
rtnVal =>
{
var jsonVal = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(rtnVal);
vmodel.AccessToken = jsonVal.access_token;
vmodel.RefreshToken = jsonVal.refresh_token;
},
fault => _logger.LogError("Get AccessToken Error: " + fault.ReasonPhrase),
ex => _logger.LogError("Get AccessToken Error: " + ex)).Wait();
} return Redirect("~/Home/Index?"
+ nameof(vmodel.AccessToken) + "=" + vmodel.AccessToken + "&"
+ nameof(vmodel.RefreshToken) + "=" + vmodel.RefreshToken);
}
步骤E
授权服务器对步骤D请求传递的Authorization Code进行验证,验证成功生成AccessToken并返回:
其中,点击RefreshToken进行刷新AccessToken:
//刷新AccessToken
var client = new HttpClientHepler(OAuthConstants.AuthorizationServerBaseAddress + OAuthConstants.TokenPath);
client.PostAsync(null,
"grant_type=" + "refresh_token" +
"&client_id=" + OAuthConstants.Clientid +
"&client_secret=" + OAuthConstants.Secret +
"&refresh_token=" + model.RefreshToken,
hd => hd.ContentType = new System.Net.Http.Headers.MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
rtnVal =>
{
var jsonVal = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(rtnVal);
vmodel.AccessToken = jsonVal.access_token;
vmodel.RefreshToken = jsonVal.refresh_token;
},
fault => _logger.LogError("RefreshToken Error: " + fault.ReasonPhrase),
ex => _logger.LogError("RefreshToken Error: " + ex)).Wait();
点击CallResources访问资源服务器:
//访问资源服务
var client = new HttpClientHepler(OAuthConstants.ResourceServerBaseAddress + OAuthConstants.ResourcesPath);
client.GetAsync(null,
hd => hd.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + model.AccessToken),
rtnVal => vmodel.Resources = rtnVal,
fault => _logger.LogError("CallResources Error: " + fault.ReasonPhrase),
ex => _logger.LogError("CallResources Error: " + ex)).Wait();
点击Logout为注销登陆:
//访问授权服务器,注销登陆
return Redirect(OAuthConstants.AuthorizationServerBaseAddress + OAuthConstants.LogoutPath + "?"
+ "logoutId=" + OAuthConstants.Clientid);
授权服务器的注销实现代码:
/// <summary>
/// 注销登陆页面(因为账号的一些相关信息会存储在cookie中的)
/// </summary>
[HttpGet]
public async Task<IActionResult> Logout(string logoutId)
{
if (User.Identity.IsAuthenticated == false)
{
//如果用户并未授权过,那么返回
return await Logout(new LogoutViewModel { LogoutId = logoutId });
}
//显示注销提示, 这可以防止攻击, 如果用户签署了另一个恶意网页
var vm = new LogoutViewModel
{
LogoutId = logoutId
};
return View(vm);
} /// <summary>
/// 处理注销登陆
/// </summary>
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public async Task<IActionResult> Logout(LogoutViewModel model)
{
//清除Cookie中的授权信息
await HttpContext.Authentication.SignOutAsync();
//设置User使之呈现为匿名用户
HttpContext.User = new ClaimsPrincipal(new ClaimsIdentity());
Client logout = null;
if (model != null && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(model.LogoutId))
{
//获取Logout的相关信息
logout = await _clientStore.FindClientByIdAsync(model.LogoutId);
}
var vm = new LoggedOutViewModel
{
PostLogoutRedirectUri = logout?.PostLogoutRedirectUris?.FirstOrDefault(),
ClientName = logout?.ClientName,
};
return View("LoggedOut", vm);
}
注意
1. 授权服务器中生成的RefreshToken和AuthorizationCode默认是存储在内存中的,因此如果服务重启这些数据就失效了,那么就需要实现IPersistedGrantStore接口对这些数据的存储,将这些数据写入到数据库或者NoSql(Redis)中,实现代码可参考源代码;
2.资源服务器在第一次解析AccessToken的时候会先到授权服务器获取配置数据(例如会访问:http://localhost:5114/.well-known/openid-configuration 获取配置的,http://localhost:5114/.well-known/openid-configuration/jwks 获取jwks)),之后解析AccessToken都会使用第一次获取到的配置数据,因此如果授权服务的配置更改了(加密证书等等修改了),那么应该重启资源服务器使之重新获取新的配置数据;
3.调试IdentityServer4框架的时候应该配置好ILogger,因为授权过程中的访问(例如授权失败等等)信息都会调用ILogger进行日志记录,可使用NLog,例如:
在Startup.cs --> Configure方法中配置:loggerFactory.AddNLog();//添加NLog
源码:http://files.cnblogs.com/files/skig/OAuth2AuthorizationCode.zip