Android中使用Makefile编译程序和库的方法

    test为可执行程序，libtest为库。在Android中编译并运行它们方法如下，首先要下载NDK。

    参考了http://blog.csdn.net/L____J/archive/2010/08/04/5787759.aspx的方法，在此感谢。 

 

    1.  将库编译为动态库时：

     test中仅有一个文件main.c

     #include <stdio.h> #include "libtest.h" static char s_string[] = "Study hard!"; int main() { printf("%s/n%d/n", s_string, ret8()); return 0; } 

     Makefile内容如下

     BASE_PATH = /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4 PATH_PREFIX = $(BASE_PATH)/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/ CC = $(BASE_PATH)/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/arm-eabi-gcc LD = $(BASE_PATH)/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/arm-eabi-ld INCLUDES= -I $(PATH_PREFIX)/include / -I/home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/libtest/ CFLAGS = -L $(PATH_PREFIX)/lib LDFLAGS += -nostdlib -lm -lstdc++ -lc -ldl -Bdynamic -Wl,-dynamic-linker,/system/bin/linker LDFLAGS += /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/libtest/libtest.so EXTRA_OBJS = $(PATH_PREFIX)/lib/crtbegin_dynamic.o $(PATH_PREFIX)/lib/crtend_android.o test: main.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) -o $@ $^ $(EXTRA_OBJS) $(LDFLAGS) clean: rm -rf test *.o 

     libtest中有头文件libtest.h和libtest.c

     #ifndef _RET_8_H_ #define _RET_8_H_ int ret8(); #endif 

     #include "libtest.h" int ret8() { return 8; } 

     Makefile内容如下

    ASE_PATH = /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4 PATH_PREFIX = $(BASE_PATH)/build/platforms/android-3/arch-arm/usr/ CC = $(BASE_PATH)/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/arm-eabi-gcc CCFLAGS = -I$(PATH_PREFIX)/include / -fpic / -mthumb-interwork / -ffunction-sections / -funwind-tables / -fstack-protector / -fno-short-enums / -D__ARM_ARCH_5__ / -D__ARM_ARCH_5T__ / -D__ARM_ARCH_5E__ / -D__ARM_ARCH_5TE__ / -Wno-psabi / -march=armv5te / -mtune=xscale / -msoft-float / -mthumb / -Os / -fomit-frame-pointer / -fno-strict-aliasing / -finline-limit=64 / -DANDROID / -Wa,--noexecstack / -O2 / -DNDEBUG / -g / LDFLAGS = -nostdlib -Wl,-soname,libtest.so -Wl,-shared,-Bsymbolic -Wl,--whole-archive -Wl,--no-whole-archive -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Wl,-rpath-link=$(PATH_PREFIX)lib EXTRA_OBJS = $(BASE_PATH)/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-eabi/4.4.0/libgcc.a $(PATH_PREFIX)/lib/libc.so $(PATH_PREFIX)/lib/libstdc++.so $(PATH_PREFIX)/lib/libm.so libtest.so: libtest.o $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $^ $(EXTRA_OBJS) -o $@ libtest.o: libtest.c $(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $^ -o $@ clean: rm *.so *.o  

 

    启动模拟器后，在ubuntu的shell中输入

    adb push test /data/

    adb push libtest /data/

    adb shell chmod 777 /data/test

    在模拟器的shell中

    cd /data/

    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=./:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

    ./test

 

    注意

    EXTRA_OBJS = $(BASE_PATH)/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-eabi/4.4.0/libgcc.a

    libgcc.a需放在其它库的前面，否则程序在运行时会有无法链接的提示，但在链接时没有报错。

 

 

    2. 将库编译为静态库时

    test的Makefile此时为将

    LDFLAGS += /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/libtest/libtest.so 

    改为

    LDFLAGS += /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/libtest/libtest.a 

    即可

    libtest的Makefile此时为

    BASE_PATH = /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4 PATH_PREFIX = $(BASE_PATH)/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/ CC = $(BASE_PATH)/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/arm-eabi-gcc INCLUDES= -I $(PATH_PREFIX)/include CCFLAGS = -L $(PATH_PREFIX)/lib / -fPIC / -Wall libtest.a: libtest.o $(AR) -rcs $@ $^ libtest.o : libtest.c clean: rm *.a 

    3. test的Makefile也可通过automake工具生成

    首先执行autoscan

    将生成的configure.scan重命名为configure.ac

    configure.ac内容修改如下

    AC_PREREQ([2.65]) AC_INIT([test], [1.0.0], [-]) AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([test.c]) AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h]) # Checks for programs. AC_PROG_CC # Checks for libraries. # Checks for header files. #AC_CHECK_HEADERS([string.h]) # Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics. # Checks for library functions. AC_OUTPUT([Makefile]) 

    Makefile.am内容如下

    AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign bin_PROGRAMS = test test_SOURCES = test.c 

    依次执行

    aclocal

    autoheader

    autoconf

    automake --add-missing

 

    编写脚本build.sh，内容如下

    CC=arm-eabi-gcc / LD=arm-eabi-gcc / CFLAGS="-I/home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/include" / LDFLAGS="-L/home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/lib -nostdlib -lm -lstdc++ -lc -ldl -Bdynamic -Wl,-dynamic-linker,/system/bin/linker /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/lib/crtbegin_dynamic.o /home/apuser/Downloads/android-ndk/android-ndk-r4/build/platforms/android-8/arch-arm/usr/lib/crtend_android.o" / ./configure / --build=i386-linux / --host=arm-elf-linux /
    执行脚本build.sh后编译即可。

    另有Funambol的脚本，也可使用，内容如下

    command for C compiller: ./configure --host=arm-eabi CC=arm-eabi-gcc CPPFLAGS="-I$ANDROID_ROOT/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/include/" CFLAGS="-nostdlib -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -Wno-multichar" LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath-link=$ANDROID_ROOT/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib/ -L$ANDROID_ROOT/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib/" LIBS="-lc" command for C++ compiller: ./configure --host=arm-eabi CXX=arm-eabi-g++ CPPFLAGS="-I$ANDROID_ROOT/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/include/ -nostdlib -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -Wno-multichar" LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath-link=$ANDROID_ROOT/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib/ -L$ANDROID_ROOT/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib/" LIBS="-lc"