Http方式调用WebService，直接发送soap消息到服务端，然后自己解析服务端返回的结果，这种方式比较简单粗暴，也很好用；soap消息可以通过SoapUI来生成，也很方便。文中所使用到的软件版本：Java 1.8.0_191、Commons-HttpClient 3.1、HttpClient 4.5.10、HttpAsyncClient 4.1.4、Spring 5.1.9、dom4j 2.1.1、jackson 2.9.9、netty-all 4.1.33。
1、准备
参考Java调用WebService方法总结(1)--准备工作
2、调用
2.1、HttpURLConnection方式
该方式利用JDK自身提供的API来调用，不需要额外的JAR包。
public static void httpURLConnection(String soap) {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(urlWsdl);
connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
connection.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
connection.connect();
setBytesToOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream(), soap.getBytes());
if (connection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
byte[] b = getBytesFromInputStream(connection.getInputStream());
String back = new String(b);
System.out.println("httpURLConnection返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("httpURLConnection结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("httpURLConnection返回状态码：" + connection.getResponseCode());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
connection.disconnect();
}
}
2.2、Commons-HttpClient方式
利用Apache Commons项目下的Commons-HttpClient组件调用，目前该组件已被HttpComponents项目所取代。
public static void commonsHttpClient(String soap) {
try {
org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient httpclient = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient();
org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod post = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod(urlWsdl);
post.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
post.addRequestHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity entity = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
post.setRequestEntity(entity);
int status = httpclient.executeMethod(post);
if (status == org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
String back = post.getResponseBodyAsString();
System.out.println("Commons-HttpClinet返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("commons-HttpClinet返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("commons-HttpClinet返回状态码：" + status);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
2.3、HttpClient方式
利用Apache HttpComponents项目下HttpClient组件调用，是Commons-HttpClient组件的升级版。
public static void httpClient(String soap) {
try {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(urlWsdl);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
InputStreamEntity entity = new InputStreamEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == org.apache.http.HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
String back = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
System.out.println("httpClient返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("httpClient返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("HttpClinet返回状态码：" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
2.4、HttpAsyncClient方式
HttpAsyncClient是HttpClient的异步版本，其用法跟HttpClient类似。
public static void httpAsyncClient(String soap) {
CloseableHttpAsyncClient httpClient = HttpAsyncClients.createDefault();
try {
httpClient.start();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(urlWsdl);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
InputStreamEntity entity = new InputStreamEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
Future<HttpResponse> future = httpClient.execute(httpPost, null);
HttpResponse response = future.get();
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == org.apache.http.HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
String back = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
System.out.println("HttpAsyncClient返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("HttpAsyncClient返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("HttpAsyncClient返回状态码：" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {httpClient.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
}
2.5、RestTemplate方式
利用Srping的RestTemplate工具调用。
public static void restTemplate(String soap) {
RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.add("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
headers.add("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String> entity = new org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String>(soap, headers);
ResponseEntity<String> response = template.postForEntity(urlWsdl, entity, String.class);
if (response.getStatusCode() == org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.OK) {
String back = template.postForEntity(urlWsdl, entity, String.class).getBody();
System.out.println("restTemplate返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("restTemplate返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("restTemplate返回状态码：" + response.getStatusCode());
}
}
2.6、WebClient方式
利用Srping的WebClient工具调用，它是RestTemplate的异步版本。
public static void webClient(String soap) {
WebClient webClient = WebClient.create();
ResponseSpec response = webClient.post().uri(urlWsdl)
.header("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese")
.header("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8")
.syncBody(soap).retrieve();
Mono<String> mono = response.bodyToMono(String.class);
System.out.println("webClient返回soap：" + mono.block());
System.out.println("webClient结果：" + parseResult(mono.block()));
}
这种方式会用到reactor及nettty相关包:
reactor-core-3.3.0.RELEASE.jar(https://search.maven.org/artifact/io.projectreactor/reactor-core/3.3.0.RELEASE/jar)
reactive-streams-1.0.3.jar(https://search.maven.org/artifact/org.reactivestreams/reactive-streams/1.0.3/jar)
reactor-netty-0.9.1.RELEASE.jar(https://search.maven.org/artifact/io.projectreactor.netty/reactor-netty/0.9.1.RELEASE/jar)
netty-all-4.1.33.Final.jar(https://search.maven.org/artifact/io.netty/netty-all/4.1.33.Final/jar)
2.7、小结
几种方式其实差不多，主体思想是一样的就是发送soap报文，就是写法不一样而已。完整例子：
package com.inspur.ws; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.Future; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.InputStreamEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.CloseableHttpAsyncClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.nio.client.HttpAsyncClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient.ResponseSpec; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; /**
* Http方式调用WebService
*
*/
public class Http {
private static String urlWsdl = "http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/TraditionalSimplifiedWebService.asmx?wsdl";
private static String targetNamespace = "http://webxml.com.cn/"; /**
* HttpURLConnection方式
* @param soap
*/
public static void httpURLConnection(String soap) {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(urlWsdl);
connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
connection.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
connection.connect(); setBytesToOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream(), soap.getBytes());
if (connection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
byte[] b = getBytesFromInputStream(connection.getInputStream());
String back = new String(b);
System.out.println("httpURLConnection返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("httpURLConnection结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("httpURLConnection返回状态码：" + connection.getResponseCode());
} } catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
connection.disconnect();
}
} /**
* Commons-HttpClinet方式
* @param soap
*/
public static void commonsHttpClient(String soap) {
try {
org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient httpclient = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient();
org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod post = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod(urlWsdl);
post.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
post.addRequestHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity entity = new org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
post.setRequestEntity(entity);
int status = httpclient.executeMethod(post);
if (status == org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
String back = post.getResponseBodyAsString();
System.out.println("Commons-HttpClinet返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("commons-HttpClinet返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("commons-HttpClinet返回状态码：" + status);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} /**
* HttpClient方式
* @param soap
*/
public static void httpClient(String soap) {
try {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(urlWsdl);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
InputStreamEntity entity = new InputStreamEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == org.apache.http.HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
String back = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
System.out.println("httpClient返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("httpClient返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("HttpClinet返回状态码：" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} /**
* HttpAsyncClient方式
* @param soap
*/
public static void httpAsyncClient(String soap) {
CloseableHttpAsyncClient httpClient = HttpAsyncClients.createDefault();
try {
httpClient.start();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(urlWsdl);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
httpPost.setHeader("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
InputStreamEntity entity = new InputStreamEntity(new ByteArrayInputStream(soap.getBytes()));
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
Future<HttpResponse> future = httpClient.execute(httpPost, null);
HttpResponse response = future.get();
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == org.apache.http.HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
String back = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
System.out.println("HttpAsyncClient返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("HttpAsyncClient返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("HttpAsyncClient返回状态码：" + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {httpClient.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
} /**
* RestTemplate方式
* @param soap
*/
public static void restTemplate(String soap) {
RestTemplate template = new RestTemplate();
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.add("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese");
headers.add("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");
org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String> entity = new org.springframework.http.HttpEntity<String>(soap, headers);
ResponseEntity<String> response = template.postForEntity(urlWsdl, entity, String.class);
if (response.getStatusCode() == org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.OK) {
String back = template.postForEntity(urlWsdl, entity, String.class).getBody();
System.out.println("restTemplate返回soap：" + back);
System.out.println("restTemplate返回结果：" + parseResult(back));
} else {
System.out.println("restTemplate返回状态码：" + response.getStatusCode());
}
} /**
* WebClient方式
* @param soap
*/
public static void webClient(String soap) {
WebClient webClient = WebClient.create();
ResponseSpec response = webClient.post().uri(urlWsdl)
.header("SOAPAction", targetNamespace + "toTraditionalChinese")
.header("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8")
.syncBody(soap).retrieve();
Mono<String> mono = response.bodyToMono(String.class);
System.out.println("webClient返回soap：" + mono.block());
System.out.println("webClient结果：" + parseResult(mono.block()));
} /**
* 从输入流获取数据
* @param in
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static byte[] getBytesFromInputStream(InputStream in) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int len;
while ((len = in.read(b)) != -1) {
baos.write(b, 0, len);
}
byte[] bytes = baos.toByteArray();
return bytes;
} /**
* 向输入流发送数据
* @param out
* @param bytes
* @throws IOException
*/
private static void setBytesToOutputStream(OutputStream out, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int len;
while ((len = bais.read(b)) != -1) {
out.write(b, 0, len);
}
out.flush();
} /**
* 解析结果
* @param s
* @return
*/
private static String parseResult(String s) {
String result = "";
try {
Reader file = new StringReader(s);
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(); Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("ns", "http://webxml.com.cn/");
reader.getDocumentFactory().setXPathNamespaceURIs(map);
Document dc = reader.read(file);
result = dc.selectSingleNode("//ns:toTraditionalChineseResult").getText().trim();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
} public static void main(String[] args) {
String soap11 = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:web=\"http://webxml.com.cn/\">"
+ "<soapenv:Header/>"
+ "<soapenv:Body>"
+ "<web:toTraditionalChinese>"
+ "<web:sText>小学</web:sText>"
+ "</web:toTraditionalChinese>"
+ "</soapenv:Body>"
+ "</soapenv:Envelope>";
String soap12 = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope\" xmlns:web=\"http://webxml.com.cn/\">"
+ "<soapenv:Header/>"
+ "<soapenv:Body>"
+ "<web:toTraditionalChinese>"
+ "<web:sText>大学</web:sText>"
+ "</web:toTraditionalChinese>"
+ "</soapenv:Body>"
+ "</soapenv:Envelope>";
httpURLConnection(soap11);
httpURLConnection(soap12); commonsHttpClient(soap11);
commonsHttpClient(soap12); httpClient(soap11);
httpClient(soap12); httpAsyncClient(soap11);
httpAsyncClient(soap12); restTemplate(soap11);
restTemplate(soap12); webClient(soap11);
webClient(soap12);
}
}