记一次解析XML转对象的笔记

项目中调用第三方API，返回格式是XML字符串，需要将XML反序列化为对象，格式如下：

 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <Response xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" totalCount="" resultCode="ABC" resultMessage="测试">
   <profile lastName="李" firstName="爽" dateOfBirth="XX0816" age="" gender="" address="浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公" email="[e-mail]" cellEmail="" socialMedia="" homePhone="" cellPhone="" contactabiltyMail="" contactabiltyEmail="" contactabiltyCellEmail="" contactabiltyHomePhone="" contactabiltyCellPhone="" contactabiltyText="" contactabiltySocialMedia="" vipLevel="" memberId="OC540C00016824" saAccount="" classa="小姐" homeStoreCode="OC54" />
   <purchaseHistory>
     <departmentPurchase totalLifeTimeSale="" totalTYAmount="" lastTxn="" totalTYUnitCnt="" firstTxn="">
       <department categoryName="D08" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
       <department categoryName="D01" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
       <department categoryName="D02" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
     </departmentPurchase>
     <ratePurchase totalLyAmount="" totalLyRate="" totalTyAmount="" totalTyRate="" totalLifeTimeAmount="" totalLifeTimeRate="">
       <rate categoryName="Retail" lyAmount="" lyRate="" lyToDate="" tyAmount="" tyRate="" tyToDate="" lifeTimeAmount="" lifeTimeRate="" lyTyChange="" />
     </ratePurchase>
     <storeRatePurchase>
       <storeRate />
     </storeRatePurchase>
   </purchaseHistory>
   <vipStatus issueDate="" issueShop="OC54" ptsToUpgrade="" expiryDate="" upgradeShop="" ptsToRenew="" />
   <comments comment="第一场雪" />
 </Response>

按照这个格式我需要定义相应的对象来接收，定义如下：

     /// <summary>
     ///
     /// </summary>
     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false, ElementName = "Response")]
     public class Response
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalCount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string resultCode { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string resultMessage { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("profile", typeof(profile))]
         public profile profile { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("purchaseHistory", typeof(purchaseHistory))]
         public purchaseHistory purchaseHistory { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("vipStatus", typeof(vipStatus))]
         public vipStatus vipStatus { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("comments", typeof(comments))]
         public comments comments { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class profile
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lastName { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string firstName { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string dateOfBirth { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string age { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string gender { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string address { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string email { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string cellEmail { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string socialMedia { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string homePhone { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string cellPhone { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string contactabiltyMail { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string contactabiltyEmail { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string contactabiltyCellEmail { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string contactabiltyHomePhone { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string contactabiltyCellPhone { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string contactabiltyText { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string contactabiltySocialMedia { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string vipLevel { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string memberId { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string saAccount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string classa { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string homeStoreCode { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class purchaseHistory
     {      

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("departmentPurchase", typeof(departmentPurchase))]
         public departmentPurchase departmentPurchase { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("ratePurchase", typeof(ratePurchase))]
         public ratePurchase ratePurchase { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("storeRatePurchase", typeof(storeRatePurchase))]
         public storeRatePurchase storeRatePurchase { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class departmentPurchase
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalTYAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalTYUnitCnt { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string firstTxn { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lastTxn { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalLifeTimeSale { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(List<department>), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = )]
         public List<department> department { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class department
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string categoryName { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string tyAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string tyUnitCnt { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class ratePurchase
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalLyAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalLyRate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalTyAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalTyRate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalLifeTimeAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalLifeTimeRate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("rate", typeof(rate))]
         public rate rate { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class rate
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string categoryName { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lyAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lyRate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lyToDate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string tyAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string tyRate { get; set; }
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]

         public string tyToDate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lifeTimeAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lifeTimeRate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lyTyChange { get; set; }

     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class storeRatePurchase
     {
         public string storeRate { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class vipStatus
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string issueDate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string issueShop { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string ptsToUpgrade { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string expiryDate { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string upgradeShop { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string ptsToRenew { get; set; }
     }

     [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class comments
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string comment { get; set; }
     }

解析代码如下

   private static System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer Serializer;
  /// <summary>
         /// 指定XML字符串序列化成对象
         /// </summary>
         /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
         /// <param name="xml"></param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         public static T DeserializeForXml<T>(string xml) where T : class, new()
         {
             System.IO.StringReader stringReader = null;
             try
             {
                 Serializer = Serializer ?? new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
                 stringReader = new StringReader(xml);
                 T result = Serializer.Deserialize(stringReader) as T;
                 return result;
             }
             finally
             {
                 if ((stringReader != null))
                 {
                     stringReader.Dispose();
                 }
             }
         }

调用方式：

var rpXML = AcxiomXMLHelper.DeserializeForXml<CustomerDetails.Response>(returnXML);

好了，接下来就出现了问题

departmentPurchase 下面的department始终是没有数据，调试好久都找不到问题出现在哪里。

尝试找解决的办法，先实例化一个Response对象序列化后写入文件，再将文件内容读出来反序列化出来

 Response response = new Response
                 {
                     totalCount = "",
                     resultCode = "ABC",
                     resultMessage = "测试",
                     profile = new profile { lastName = "李", firstName = "爽", dateOfBirth = "XX0816", age = "", gender = "", address = "浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公", email = "[e-mail]", cellEmail = "", socialMedia = "", homePhone = "", cellPhone = "", contactabiltyMail = "", contactabiltyEmail = "", contactabiltyCellEmail = "", contactabiltyHomePhone = "", contactabiltyCellPhone = "", contactabiltyText = "", contactabiltySocialMedia = "", vipLevel = "", memberId = "OC540C00016824", saAccount = "", classa = "小姐", homeStoreCode = "OC54" },
                     comments = new comments { comment = "第一场雪" },
                     purchaseHistory = new purchaseHistory
                     {
                         departmentPurchase = new departmentPurchase
                         {
                             totalTYAmount = "",
                             totalTYUnitCnt = "",
                             firstTxn = "",
                             lastTxn = "",
                             totalLifeTimeSale = "",
                             department = new List<department> {
                                 new department { categoryName = "D08", tyAmount = "", tyUnitCnt = "" },
                                 new department { categoryName = "D01", tyAmount = "", tyUnitCnt = "" },
                                 new department { categoryName = "D02", tyAmount = "", tyUnitCnt = "" }
                             }
                         },
                         ratePurchase = new ratePurchase
                         {
                             totalLyAmount = "",
                             totalLyRate = "",
                             totalTyAmount = "",
                             totalTyRate = "",
                             totalLifeTimeAmount = "",
                             totalLifeTimeRate = "",
                             rate = new rate { categoryName = "Retail", lyAmount = "", lyRate = "", lyToDate = "", tyAmount = "", tyRate = "", tyToDate = "", lifeTimeAmount = "", lifeTimeRate = "", lyTyChange = "" }
                         },
                         storeRatePurchase = new storeRatePurchase { storeRate = string.Empty }
                     },
                     vipStatus = new vipStatus { issueDate = "", issueShop = "OC54", ptsToUpgrade = "", expiryDate = "", upgradeShop = "", ptsToRenew = "" }
                 };

                 FileStream stream = new FileStream(@"d:\xmlFormat.xml", FileMode.Create);
                 XmlSerializer xmlserilize = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Response));
                 xmlserilize.Serialize(stream, response);                stream.Close();

                 using (FileStream xmlStream = new FileStream(@"d:\xmlFormat.xml", FileMode.Open))
                 {
                     using (XmlReader xmlReader = XmlReader.Create(xmlStream))
                     {
                         XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Response));
                         Response res = serializer.Deserialize(xmlReader) as Response;
                     }
                 }

代码中res是反序列化的结果，数据都正确。这就有点恼火了，怎么办呢？

比较我生成的文件和API返回的XML：

下面是我生成的XML格式

 <Response xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" totalCount="" resultCode="ABC" resultMessage="测试">
   <profile lastName="李" firstName="爽" dateOfBirth="XX0816" age="" gender="" address="浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公" email="[e-mail]" cellEmail="" socialMedia="" homePhone="" cellPhone="" contactabiltyMail="" contactabiltyEmail="" contactabiltyCellEmail="" contactabiltyHomePhone="" contactabiltyCellPhone="" contactabiltyText="" contactabiltySocialMedia="" vipLevel="" memberId="OC540C00016824" saAccount="" classa="小姐" homeStoreCode="OC54" />
   <purchaseHistory>
     <departmentPurchase totalLifeTimeSale="" totalTYAmount="" lastTxn="" totalTYUnitCnt="" firstTxn="">
       <department>
         <department categoryName="D08" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
         <department categoryName="D01" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
         <department categoryName="D02" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
       </department>
     </departmentPurchase>
     <ratePurchase totalLyAmount="" totalLyRate="" totalTyAmount="" totalTyRate="" totalLifeTimeAmount="" totalLifeTimeRate="">
       <rate categoryName="Retail" lyAmount="" lyRate="" lyToDate="" tyAmount="" tyRate="" tyToDate="" lifeTimeAmount="" lifeTimeRate="" lyTyChange="" />
     </ratePurchase>
     <storeRatePurchase>
       <storeRate />
     </storeRatePurchase>
   </purchaseHistory>
   <vipStatus issueDate="" issueShop="OC54" ptsToUpgrade="" expiryDate="" upgradeShop="" ptsToRenew="" />
   <comments comment="第一场雪" />
 </Response>

仔细比对发现问题

在departmentPurchase 节点下我多了一层department节点，可我是按照接口的结果定义的对象啊

   [System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("System.Xml", "4.0.30319.34209")]
     [System.SerializableAttribute()]
     [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
     [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = true)]
     public class departmentPurchase
     {
         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalTYAmount { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalTYUnitCnt { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string firstTxn { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string lastTxn { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttributeAttribute()]
         public string totalLifeTimeSale { get; set; }

         [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(List<department>), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = )]
         public List<department> department { get; set; }
     }

怎么搞呢？在网上不停的找答案，最终都无解。但是没有放弃，答案也往往在快要放弃的时候出现

我尝试的修改了department的定义

修改前

 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(List<department>), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = )]
         public List<department> department { get; set; }

修改后

 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("department", typeof(department), Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified, Order = )]
         public List<department> department { get; set; }

重新运行，奇迹出现

 <?xml version="1.0"?>
 <Response xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" totalCount="" resultCode="ABC" resultMessage="测试">
   <profile lastName="李" firstName="爽" dateOfBirth="XX0816" age="" gender="" address="浙江省 杭州富阳市 东州工业园区3号路1号杭州龙盛工贸有限公" email="[e-mail]" cellEmail="" socialMedia="" homePhone="" cellPhone="" contactabiltyMail="" contactabiltyEmail="" contactabiltyCellEmail="" contactabiltyHomePhone="" contactabiltyCellPhone="" contactabiltyText="" contactabiltySocialMedia="" vipLevel="" memberId="OC540C00016824" saAccount="" classa="小姐" homeStoreCode="OC54" />
   <purchaseHistory>
     <departmentPurchase totalLifeTimeSale="" totalTYAmount="" lastTxn="" totalTYUnitCnt="" firstTxn="">
       <department categoryName="D08" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
       <department categoryName="D01" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
       <department categoryName="D02" tyAmount="" tyUnitCnt="" />
     </departmentPurchase>
     <ratePurchase totalLyAmount="" totalLyRate="" totalTyAmount="" totalTyRate="" totalLifeTimeAmount="" totalLifeTimeRate="">
       <rate categoryName="Retail" lyAmount="" lyRate="" lyToDate="" tyAmount="" tyRate="" tyToDate="" lifeTimeAmount="" lifeTimeRate="" lyTyChange="" />
     </ratePurchase>
     <storeRatePurchase>
       <storeRate />
     </storeRatePurchase>
   </purchaseHistory>
   <vipStatus issueDate="" issueShop="OC54" ptsToUpgrade="" expiryDate="" upgradeShop="" ptsToRenew="" />
   <comments comment="第一场雪" />
 </Response>

问题解决。

原因就出在解析XML节点的

typeof(department) 与 typeof(List<department>)