mysql数据库编码集设置为utf8

在mysql数据库中， 当插入数据无法支持中文时， 可将该数据库的编码集设置为utf8， 故在创建数据库时， 将数据库编码集及其他字符编码设置为utf8。
如果之前创建的数据库的数据库编码集不为utf8， 可以进行如下设置：

mysql> alter database 数据库名 character set utf8;
或删除原有旧的数据库， 再重新创建新的数据库并将默认的编码集设置为utf8:

mysql> create database 数据库名 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

* 删除数据库：

mysql> drop database dbname if exists dbname;

* 创建数据库：

mysql> create database dbname if not exists dbname；

为确保 create database dbname 命令创建的数据库编码集为utf8， 我们可对mysql的配置文件进行修改

windows下的mysql配置文件为my.ini， my.ini存在于mysql的安装目录下

linux下的mysql配置文件为my.cnf， mysql.cnf存在于mysql的安装目录下或/etc/下

在my.cnf或my.ini下找到[mysqld]， 在其下方添加一行：

character_set_server=utf8

然后保存退出， 并重启mysql服务即可。

查看字符编码：

mysql> show variables like '%character%';
或

mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%'; 
或

mysql> use 数据库名；
mysql> \s
或
mysql> use 数据库名mysql> status;
具体操作如下：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'; 
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                            |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                             |
| character_set_connection | utf8                             |
| character_set_database   | latin1                           |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                           |
| character_set_results    | utf8                             |
| character_set_server     | latin1                           |
| character_set_system     | utf8                             |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> set character_set_database = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> set character_set_server = utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                            |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                             |
| character_set_connection | utf8                             |
| character_set_database   | utf8                             |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                           |
| character_set_results    | utf8                             |
| character_set_server     | utf8                             |
| character_set_system     | utf8                             |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> use db_ets;
Database changed
mysql> \s
--------------
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.5-m15, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper


Connection id:16
Current database:db_ets
Current user:root@localhost
SSL:Not in use
Current pager:stdout
Using outfile:''
Using delimiter:;
Server version:5.7.5-m15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:10
Connection:Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:utf8
Db     characterset:utf8
Client characterset:utf8
Conn.  characterset:utf8
UNIX socket:/tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:23 min 45 sec


Threads: 3  Questions: 487  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 144  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 129  Queries per second avg: 0.341
--------------


mysql> status;
--------------
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.5-m15, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper


Connection id:16
Current database:db_ets
Current user:root@localhost
SSL:Not in use
Current pager:stdout
Using outfile:''
Using delimiter:;
Server version:5.7.5-m15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:10
Connection:Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:utf8
Db     characterset:utf8
Client characterset:utf8
Conn.  characterset:utf8
UNIX socket:/tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:24 min 14 sec


Threads: 5  Questions: 501  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 144  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 129  Queries per second avg: 0.344
--------------


mysql>

 OK, Enjoy it!!!