在引入外部maven插件后就可以创建一个maven项目了,这篇文章主要介绍ssm框架的整合和如何创建一个maven项目
1、在开发工具的项目空白区单击右键,依次选择New、Other,会出现如下界面,选择Maven Project,每一步操作后出现的界面都会在下面的图中展示出来,跟着一步一步操作即可;
这样一个maven项目就创建完成了,结构如下如所示,该中结构仅支持jdk1.7及以上。这里只是有一个项目存在,里面并没有分层,我们所用的是ssm框架,需要在项目中搭建出包结构,在src/main/java这个目录下新建这样几个包:
(1) com.zhiliu.web(控制层:接受前台数据,进行页面跳转处理)
(2) com.zhiliu.service(业务层接口:处理相关的逻辑业务)
(3) com.zhiliu.service.impl(service接口的具体实现)
(4) com.zhiliu.dao(持久层:与处理数据库操作相关)
(5) com.zhiliu.bean(实体类:与数据库中的表对应)
在src/mian/resources这个目录下新建一个mapping和spring文件夹
mapping文件夹:存放dao中每个方法对应的sql,在这里配置,不用写dao的实现类daoimpl
spring文件夹:存放spring相关的配置文件
在src/test/java目录里面可以对照src/main/java这个里面建包结构,作为测试src/main/java这个目录下的各层方法的分层
完成以上步骤后,基本的项目结构就清楚了,接下来就是框架的整合了,配置各个层的配置文件,由于我们是使用maven来管理我们项目的架包的,我们首先需要添加架包的依赖,在pom.xml文件中
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zl</groupId> <artifactId>study</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>study Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <!-- spring版本号 --> <spring.version>4.2.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <!-- mybatis版本号 --> <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version> <!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 --> <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- 单元测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <!-- 1.日志 --> <!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-access</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency> <!-- 2.数据库 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.37</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- DAO: MyBatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <!-- 3.Servlet web --> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.5.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <!-- 4.Spring --> <!-- 1)Spring核心 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- 2)Spring DAO层 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- 3)Spring web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- 4)Spring test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- redis客户端:Jedis --> <dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> <version>2.7.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId> <artifactId>protostuff-core</artifactId> <version>1.0.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.dyuproject.protostuff</groupId> <artifactId>protostuff-runtime</artifactId> <version>1.0.8</version> </dependency> <!-- Map工具类 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-collections</groupId> <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId> <version>3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId> <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <classifier>jdk15</classifier> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>study</finalName> </build> </project>
至此maven项目创建完成,接下来就是整合各个配置文件了,配置文件的代码片段里都写了注释,关键部分需要根据自己的项目进行修改
先在spring
文件夹里新建spring-dao.xml
文件,因为spring的配置太多,我们可以分三层,分别是spring-dao, spring-service, spring-web,也可以把配置文件写在一个xml文件中,看个人选择
spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 --> <!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性:${url} --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <!-- 2.数据库连接池 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 配置连接池属性 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 --> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="100" /> <property name="minPoolSize" value="30" /> <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit --> <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false" /> <!-- 获取连接超时时间 --> <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000" /> <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 --> <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2" /> </bean> <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" /> <!-- 扫描entity包 使用别名 --> <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.zl.bean" /> <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 --> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml" /> </bean> <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到spring容器中 --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory --> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" /> <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 --> <property name="basePackage" value="com.zl.dao" /> </bean> </beans>
上面的数据库配置相关参数是读取配置文件,所以在resources
文件夹里新建一个jdbc.properties
文件,存放数据库连接属性
jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/ceshi?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8 jdbc.username= jdbc.password= #min=30 #max=100
接下来配置mybatis核心文件
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 配置全局属性 --> <settings> <!-- 使用jdbc的getGeneratedKeys获取数据库自增主键值 --> <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="true" /> <!-- 使用列别名替换列名 默认:true --> <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" /> <!-- 开启驼峰命名转换:Table{create_time} -> Entity{createTime} --> <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" /> </settings> </configuration>
配置完dao层后就配置service层,主要处理事务和业务
spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zl.service" /> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <!-- 注入数据库连接池 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>
配置控制层
spring-web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 --> <!-- 简化配置: (1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter (2)提供一些列:数据绑定,数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置 (1)加入对静态资源的处理:js,gif,png (2)允许使用"/"做整体映射 --> <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.zl.web" /> <!-- 上传文件拦截,设置最大上传文件大小 10M=10*1024*1024(B)=10485760 bytes --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760" /> </bean> </beans>
最后修改一下web.xml
web.xml
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1" metadata-complete="true" id="WebApp_1490936129958"> <!-- 如果是用mvn命令生成的xml,需要修改servlet版本为3.1 --> <!-- 配置DispatcherServlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件 spring-dao.xml,spring-service.xml,spring-web.xml Mybatis - > spring -> springmvc --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>seckill-dispatcher</servlet-name> <!-- 默认匹配所有的请求 --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 编码过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <async-supported>true</async-supported> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
一般项目处理日志用的是log4j,我这里用的是logback,具体logback怎么操作的可以去logback的官网查看
logback.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <configuration debug="true"> <!--定义日志文件的存储地址 勿在 LogBack 的配置中使用相对路径--> <property name="LOG_HOME" value="D:/logs/study" /> <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"> <!-- encoders are by default assigned the type ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder --> <encoder> <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern> </encoder> </appender> <!-- 按照每天生成日志文件 --> <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"> <!--日志文件输出的文件名--> <FileNamePattern>${LOG_HOME}/Study.log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern> <!--日志文件保留天数--> <MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory> </rollingPolicy> <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder"> <!--格式化输出:%d表示日期,%thread表示线程名,%-5level:级别从左显示5个字符宽度%msg:日志消息,%n是换行符--> <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern> </encoder> <!--日志文件最大的大小--> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> </appender> <root> <level value="debug"/> <level value="debug"/> <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> <appender-ref ref="FILE" /> </root> </configuration>
下面就是所有配置文件的结构图
一共七个配置文件,所有配置完成后这样一个ssm框架就搭建完成了。