java模式:建造者模式

时间:2024-01-08 22:45:56

  我发现很多源码很喜欢用这个模式,比如spring cloud,spring framework。

  建造者模式(Builder)用以构建各种各样的对象,主要功能就是代替对象的构造函数,更加*化。

  举个栗子,先假设有一个问题,我们需要创建一个学生对象,属性有name,number,class,sex,age,school等属性,如果每一个属性都可以为空,也就是说我们可以只用一个name,也可以用一个school,name,或者一个class,number,或者其他任意的赋值来创建一个学生对象,这时该怎么构造?

  难道我们写6个1个输入的构造函数,15个2个输入的构造函数.......吗?这个时候就需要用到Builder模式了。

  例子借用:https://www.cnblogs.com/malihe/p/6891920.html

public class Builder {

    static class Student{
String name = null ;
int number = -1 ;
String sex = null ;
int age = -1 ;
String school = null ;      //构建器,利用构建器作为参数来构建Student对象
static class StudentBuilder{
String name = null ;
int number = -1 ;
String sex = null ;
int age = -1 ;
String school = null ;
public StudentBuilder setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
return this ;
} public StudentBuilder setNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
return this ;
} public StudentBuilder setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
return this ;
} public StudentBuilder setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
return this ;
} public StudentBuilder setSchool(String school) {
this.school = school;
return this ;
}
public Student build() {
return new Student(this);
}
} public Student(StudentBuilder builder){
this.age = builder.age;
this.name = builder.name;
this.number = builder.number;
this.school = builder.school ;
this.sex = builder.sex ;
}
} public static void main( String[] args ){
Student a = new Student.StudentBuilder().setAge(13).setName("LiHua").build();
Student b = new Student.StudentBuilder().setSchool("sc").setSex("Male").setName("ZhangSan").build();
}
}