opencv轮廓特征中有外接矩形和圆,其中外接矩形又分为平行窗口矩形和不平行窗口矩形;外接圆也分为正圆和椭圆两种;基本调用方法类似,都是contours中的一个属性,调用就可获取最小特征参数;话不多说直接代码:
最小外接矩形:
void imgminRect()//轮廓最小外接矩形 { Mat img=imread("D:/ImageTest/convex.png");//加载图片 Mat dst; cv::cvtColor(img,img,COLOR_RGB2GRAY);//进行,灰度处理 //阈值分割 threshold( img, //输入图像,原始数组 (单通道 , 8-bit of 32-bit 浮点数). dst, //输出图像,输出数组,必须与 src 的类型一致,或者为 8-bit. 200, //分割值 255, // 使用 CV_THRESH_BINARY 和 CV_THRESH_BINARY_INV 的最大值. THRESH_BINARY_INV ); //阈值类型,opencv认为白色部分为被分割出来的部分 vector<vector<Point>> contours; vector<Vec4i> hierarchy; findContours(dst,contours,hierarchy,RETR_CCOMP, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE,Point());//所有轮廓CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE Mat drawing = Mat::zeros( img.size(), CV_8UC3 ); vector<Rect> boundRect(contours.size()); for( size_t i = 0; i< contours.size(); i++ ) { Scalar color( (rand()&255), (rand()&255), (rand()&255) );//随机产生颜色 rand()产生随机数 drawContours( drawing, contours, (int)i, color, 1, 8, vector<Vec4i>(), 0, Point() ); //绘制轮廓的最小外结矩形 RotatedRect rect=minAreaRect(contours[i]); Point2f P[4]; rect.points(P); for(int j=0;j<=3;j++) { line(drawing,P[j],P[(j+1)%4],color,1); } boundRect[i] = boundingRect(Mat(contours[i]));//由轮廓(点集)确定出正外接矩形 //获得正外接矩形的左上角坐标及宽高 int width = boundRect[i].width; int height = boundRect[i].height; int x = boundRect[i].x; int y = boundRect[i].y; //用画矩形方法绘制正外接矩形 rectangle(drawing,Rect(x,y,width,height),Scalar(0,0,255),1,8); } imshow("srcImg", img); imshow("rect",drawing); waitKey(0); }效果:
最小外接圆:
void imgCircle()//轮廓最小外接圆 { Mat img=imread("D:/ImageTest/convex.png");//加载图片 Mat dst; cv::cvtColor(img,img,COLOR_RGB2GRAY);//进行,灰度处理 //阈值分割 threshold( img, //输入图像,原始数组 (单通道 , 8-bit of 32-bit 浮点数). dst, //输出图像,输出数组,必须与 src 的类型一致,或者为 8-bit. 200, //分割值 255, // 使用 CV_THRESH_BINARY 和 CV_THRESH_BINARY_INV 的最大值. THRESH_BINARY_INV ); //阈值类型,opencv认为白色部分为被分割出来的部分 vector<vector<Point>> contours; vector<Vec4i> hierarchy; findContours(dst,contours,hierarchy,RETR_CCOMP, CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE,Point());//所有轮廓CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE Mat drawing = Mat::zeros( img.size(), CV_8UC3 ); //最小外接圆 for( size_t i = 0; i< contours.size(); i++ ) { Scalar color( (rand()&255), (rand()&255), (rand()&255) );//随机产生颜色 rand()产生随机数 drawContours( drawing, contours, (int)i, color, 1, 8, vector<Vec4i>(), 0, Point() ); //绘制轮廓的最小外结圆 Point2f center; float radius; minEnclosingCircle(contours[i],center,radius); circle(drawing,center,radius,Scalar(0,0,255),2); } //最小椭圆 vector<RotatedRect> minEllipse(contours.size());//存储椭圆点 for (int i = 0; i < contours.size(); i++) { if (contours[i].size() > 5)//四个点确定一个椭圆 { minEllipse[i] = fitEllipse(Mat(contours[i])); } } for (int i = 0; i< contours.size(); i++) { ellipse(drawing, minEllipse[i], Scalar(0,255,255), 1, 8); } imshow("srcImg", img); imshow("circle",drawing); waitKey(0); }效果: