菜单界面的实现。
看书上第三章，好长，好多代码。我敲了半天，想看看效果，结果却显示不出来。仔细一看，发现spreadsheet的实现在第四章。郁闷....
又到官网上下代码，结果居然不能运行。难道是因为我的版本太高了？
只好自己改，把没实现的部分都先忽略掉，即忽略掉具体的功能，只是显示菜单。折腾了半天，搞定了。
总结一下：
创建菜单：
需要再主窗口类中声明
1.QMenu * 代表一个菜单
2.QAction * 代表菜单中的一个动作 一般一个菜单里会有很多歌动作
3.每个动作对应的槽函数
然后在实现中：
QMenu 的创建，拿fileMenu举例：
主要是1.在窗口中生成菜单 2.添加动作
//文件菜单
fileMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&File")); //设置显示的名称
fileMenu->addAction(newAction); //添加动作
fileMenu->addAction(openAction);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAction);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAsAction);
separatorAction = fileMenu->addSeparator(); //插入间隔器
for(int i = 0; i < MaxRecentFiles; i++)
{
fileMenu->addAction(recentFileActions[i]);
}
fileMenu->addSeparator();
fileMenu->addAction(exitAction);
QAction 的创建,主要包括：
1.新建动作
2.设置动作的图标
3.设置快捷键
4.设置提示 （好奇怪，我设置的提示都显示不出来）
5.添加信号和槽的连接
拿newAction举例：
newAction = new QAction(tr("&New"),this);
newAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
newAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::New); //有标准化序列的 没有就用 tr("Ctrl + Q") 之类的
newAction->setStatusTip(tr("Create a new spreadsheet file"));
connect(newAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),this, SLOT(newFile()));
功能函数：
由于只看看样子，都设成空函数就好了。
创建工具栏：
需要声明 QToolBar *
需要的动作和上面是一样的
创建：
fileToolBar = addToolBar(tr("&File"));
fileToolBar->addAction(newAction);
fileToolBar->addAction(openAction);
fileToolBar->addAction(saveAction);
创建状态栏：
用 QLabel
代码如下：
mainwindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include "finddialog.h"
#include "gotocelldialog.h"
#include "sortdialog.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow()
{
//spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet;
//setCentralWidget(spreadsheet); //设置sheet为主窗口的*窗口
//创建主窗口的其他部分
createActions();
createMenus();
//createContextMenu();
createToolBars();
//createStatusBar();
//读取应用程序存储的设置
//readSettings();
//find 初始化为空指针
//findDialog = 0;
setWindowIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
//setCurrentFile("");
}
void MainWindow::createActions()
{
/**************File 菜单动作创建***************************/
//新建
newAction = new QAction(tr("&New"),this);
newAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
newAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::New);
newAction->setStatusTip(tr("Create a new spreadsheet file"));
connect(newAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),this, SLOT(newFile()));
//打开
openAction = new QAction(tr("&Open"),this);
openAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
openAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Open);
openAction->setStatusTip(tr("Open a file"));
connect(openAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),this, SLOT(open()));
//保存
saveAction = new QAction(tr("&Save"),this);
saveAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
saveAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Save);
saveAction->setStatusTip(tr("Save the file"));
connect(saveAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),this, SLOT(save()));
//另存为
saveAsAction = new QAction(tr("&Save As"),this);
saveAsAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
saveAsAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::SaveAs);
saveAsAction->setStatusTip(tr("Save the file As"));
connect(saveAsAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),this, SLOT(saveAs()));
//最近打开的文件
for(int i = 0; i < MaxRecentFiles; i++)
{
recentFileActions[i] = new QAction(this);
recentFileActions[i]->setVisible(false);
connect(recentFileActions[i], SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(openRecentFile()));
}
//退出
exitAction = new QAction(tr("E&xit"),this);
exitAction->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+Q"));//没有终止程序的标准化序列键 需要明确指定
exitAction->setStatusTip(tr("Exit the application"));
connect(exitAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),this,SLOT(close()));
/********************Edit 菜单动作创建***************************/
cutAction = new QAction(tr("Cu&t"), this);
cutAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
cutAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Cut);
cutAction->setStatusTip(tr("Cut the current selection's contents "
"to the clipboard"));
// connect(cutAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), spreadsheet, SLOT(cut()));
copyAction = new QAction(tr("&Copy"), this);
copyAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
copyAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Copy);
copyAction->setStatusTip(tr("Copy the current selection's contents "
"to the clipboard"));
// connect(copyAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), spreadsheet, SLOT(copy()));
pasteAction = new QAction(tr("&Paste"), this);
pasteAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
pasteAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Paste);
pasteAction->setStatusTip(tr("Paste the clipboard's contents into "
"the current selection"));
// connect(pasteAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),
// spreadsheet, SLOT(paste()));
deleteAction = new QAction(tr("&Delete"), this);
deleteAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Delete);
deleteAction->setStatusTip(tr("Delete the current selection's "
"contents"));
//connect(deleteAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),
// spreadsheet, SLOT(del()));
//全选
selectAllAction = new QAction(tr("&All"),this);
selectAllAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::SelectAll);
selectAllAction->setStatusTip(tr("Select all the cells in the 'spreadsheet'"));
connect(selectAllAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),this, SLOT(selectAll())); //Qt已经实现了全选
selectRowAction = new QAction(tr("&Row"), this);
selectRowAction->setStatusTip(tr("Select all the cells in the "
"current row"));
//connect(selectRowAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),
// spreadsheet, SLOT(selectCurrentRow()));
selectColumnAction = new QAction(tr("&Column"), this);
selectColumnAction->setStatusTip(tr("Select all the cells in the "
"current column"));
//connect(selectColumnAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),
// spreadsheet, SLOT(selectCurrentColumn()));
findAction = new QAction(tr("&Find..."), this);
findAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
findAction->setShortcut(QKeySequence::Find);
findAction->setStatusTip(tr("Find a matching cell"));
connect(findAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(find()));
goToCellAction = new QAction(tr("&Go to Cell..."), this);
goToCellAction->setIcon(QIcon(":file/images/icon.jpg"));
goToCellAction->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+G"));
goToCellAction->setStatusTip(tr("Go to the specified cell"));
connect(goToCellAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),
this, SLOT(goToCell()));
/********************Tools 菜单动作创建***************************/
recalculateAction = new QAction(tr("&Recalculate"), this);
recalculateAction->setShortcut(tr("F9"));
recalculateAction->setStatusTip(tr("Recalculate all the "
"spreadsheet's formulas"));
// connect(recalculateAction, SIGNAL(triggered()),
// spreadsheet, SLOT(recalculate()));
sortAction = new QAction(tr("&Sort..."), this);
sortAction->setStatusTip(tr("Sort the selected cells or all the "
"cells"));
// connect(sortAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(sort()));
/********************options 菜单动作创建***************************/
//显示网格 用切换按钮 toggle
showGridAction = new QAction(tr("&Show Grid"),this);
showGridAction->setCheckable(true);
//showGridAction->setChecked(spreadsheet->showGrid());
showGridAction->setStatusTip(tr("Show or hide the spreadsheet's grid"));
//connect(showGridAction, SIGNAL(toggled(bool)),this, SLOT(setShowGrid(bool)));
autoRecalcAction = new QAction(tr("&Auto-Recalculate"), this);
autoRecalcAction->setCheckable(true);
//autoRecalcAction->setChecked(spreadsheet->autoRecalculate());
autoRecalcAction->setStatusTip(tr("Switch auto-recalculation on or "
"off"));
//connect(autoRecalcAction, SIGNAL(toggled(bool)),
// spreadsheet, SLOT(setAutoRecalculate(bool)));
aboutAction = new QAction(tr("&About"), this);
aboutAction->setStatusTip(tr("Show the application's About box"));
//connect(aboutAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(about()));
aboutQtAction = new QAction(tr("About &Qt"), this);
aboutQtAction->setStatusTip(tr("Show the Qt library's About box"));
//connect(aboutQtAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), qApp, SLOT(aboutQt()));
}
void MainWindow::createMenus()
{
//文件菜单
fileMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&File"));
fileMenu->addAction(newAction);
fileMenu->addAction(openAction);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAction);
fileMenu->addAction(saveAsAction);
separatorAction = fileMenu->addSeparator(); //插入间隔器
for(int i = 0; i < MaxRecentFiles; i++)
{
fileMenu->addAction(recentFileActions[i]);
}
fileMenu->addSeparator();
fileMenu->addAction(exitAction);
//编辑菜单
editMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Edit"));
editMenu->addAction(cutAction);
editMenu->addAction(copyAction);
editMenu->addAction(pasteAction);
editMenu->addAction(deleteAction);
selectSubMenu = editMenu->addMenu(tr("&Select")); //edit菜单的子菜单
selectSubMenu->addAction(selectRowAction);
selectSubMenu->addAction(selectColumnAction);
selectSubMenu->addAction(selectAllAction);
editMenu->addSeparator();
editMenu->addAction(findAction);
editMenu->addAction(goToCellAction);
//工具菜单
toolsMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Tools"));
toolsMenu->addAction(recalculateAction);
toolsMenu->addAction(sortAction);
//options 菜单
optionsMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Options"));
optionsMenu->addAction(showGridAction);
optionsMenu->addAction(autoRecalcAction);
menuBar()->addSeparator();
//help 菜单
helpMenu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("&Help"));
helpMenu->addAction(aboutAction);
helpMenu->addAction(aboutQtAction);
}
void MainWindow::createToolBars()
{
fileToolBar = addToolBar(tr("&File"));
fileToolBar->addAction(newAction);
fileToolBar->addAction(openAction);
fileToolBar->addAction(saveAction);
editToolBar = addToolBar(tr("&Edit"));
editToolBar->addAction(cutAction);
editToolBar->addAction(copyAction);
editToolBar->addAction(pasteAction);
editToolBar->addSeparator();
editToolBar->addAction(findAction);
editToolBar->addAction(goToCellAction);
}
void MainWindow::createStatusBar()
{
locationLabel = new QLabel(" W999 ");
locationLabel->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter);
locationLabel->setMinimumSize(locationLabel->sizeHint());
formulaLabel = new QLabel;
formulaLabel->setIndent(3);
statusBar()->addWidget(locationLabel);
statusBar()->addWidget(formulaLabel, 1);
//connect(spreadsheet, SIGNAL(currentCellChanged(int, int, int, int)),
// this, SLOT(updateStatusBar()));
//connect(spreadsheet, SIGNAL(modified()),
// this, SLOT(spreadsheetModified()));
//updateStatusBar();
}
bool MainWindow::okToContinue()
{
if (isWindowModified()) {
int r = QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Spreadsheet"),
tr("The document has been modified.\n"
"Do you want to save your changes?"),
QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::No
| QMessageBox::Cancel);
if (r == QMessageBox::Yes) {
return save();
} else if (r == QMessageBox::Cancel) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
void MainWindow::newFile()
{
if (okToContinue()) {
}
}
void MainWindow::open()
{
if (okToContinue()) {
}
}
bool MainWindow::save()
{
if (curFile.isEmpty()) {
return saveAs();
} else {
return saveFile(curFile);
}
}
bool MainWindow::saveAs()
{
return false;
}
void MainWindow::openRecentFile()
{
}
bool MainWindow::saveFile(const QString &fileName)
{
return true;
}
mainwindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QMessageBox>
class QAction;
class QLabel;
class FindDialog;
class Spreadsheet;
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
MainWindow();
//protected:
// void closeEvent(QCloseEvent * event); //QWidget类中的虚函数 重新实现 可以询问是否保存
private slots:
void newFile();
void open();
bool save();
bool saveAs();
// void find();
// void goToCell();
// void sort();
// void about();
void openRecentFile();
// void updateStatusBar();
// void SpreadsheetModified();
private:
void createActions();
void createMenus();
// void createContextMenu();
void createToolBars();
void createStatusBar();
// void readSettings();
// void writeSettings();
bool okToContinue();
// bool loadFile(const QString &fileName);
bool saveFile(const QString &fileName);
// void setCurrentFile(const QString &fileName);
// void updateRecentFileActions();
// QString strippedName(const QString &fullFileName);
// Spreadsheet *spreadsheet;
// FindDialog *findDialog;
// QStringList recentFiles;
QString curFile;
/**********菜单栏*************/
QMenu *fileMenu;
QMenu *editMenu;
QMenu *selectSubMenu;
QMenu *toolsMenu;
QMenu *optionsMenu;
QMenu *helpMenu;
enum{MaxRecentFiles = 5};
QAction *recentFileActions[MaxRecentFiles];
QAction *separatorAction;
/*********工具栏**********/
QToolBar * fileToolBar;
QToolBar * editToolBar;
/***********状态栏*********/
QLabel * locationLabel;
QLabel * formulaLabel;
//file菜单选项
QAction * newAction;
QAction * openAction;
QAction * saveAction;
QAction * saveAsAction;
QAction * exitAction;
//edit菜单选项
QAction * cutAction;
QAction * copyAction;
QAction * pasteAction;
QAction * deleteAction;
QAction * selectColumnAction;
QAction * selectRowAction;
QAction * selectAllAction;
QAction * findAction;
QAction * goToCellAction;
//tools菜单选项
QAction * recalculateAction;
QAction * sortAction;
//options菜单选项
QAction * showGridAction;
QAction * autoRecalcAction;
//help菜单选项
QAction * aboutAction;
QAction * aboutQtAction;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
main.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication a(argc, argv);
MainWindow w;
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
效果如下：我偷懒，所有的图标都用同一张图。图是我用processing画的，是匡的第一个拼音K，哈哈。
