简介
- A的独有+AB的公有
- B的独有+AB的公有
- AB的公有
- A的独有
- B的独有
- A的独有+B的独有+AB的公有
- A的独有+B的独有
练习
建表
部门表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dept`; CREATE TABLE `dept` ( `dept_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `dept_name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, `dept_number` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`dept_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ("1", "AA", "100"); INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ("2", "BB", "200"); INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ("3", "CC", "300"); INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ("4", "DD", "400"); INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES ("5", "HH", "500");
员工表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp`; CREATE TABLE `emp` ( `emp_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `emp_name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, `emp_age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `dept_id` int(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`emp_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("1", "zhangsan", "20", "1"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("2", "lisi", "25", "6"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("3", "wangwu", "19", "4"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("4", "zhaoliu", "29", "5"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("5", "xiaohong", "30", "2"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("6", "xiaohu", "26", "3"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("7", "zhangle", "23", "3"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("8", "qingtian", "38", "3"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("9", "xiayutian", "36", "2"); INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES("10", "fangjia", "40", "1");
情景分析
1.左连接(left join)
A的独有+AB的公有
SELECT * from emp e LEFT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id;
2.右连接(right join)
B的独有+AB的公有
SELECT * from emp e RIGHT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id;
3.内连接(inner join)
AB的公有
SELECT * from emp e INNER JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id;
4.左外连接(left join且右表=null)
A的独有
SELECT * from emp e LEFT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id WHERE d.dept_id is null;
5. 右外连接(right join且左表=null)
B的独有
SELECT * from emp e RIGHT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id WHERE e.dept_id is null;
6. 全连接(full outer join)
A的独有+B的独有+AB的公有
注意:MySQL不支持FULL OUTER JOIN(在ORACLE支持)。
因此使用UNION的方式来实现,可以**合并+去重**
应用场景:
要查询的结果来自于多个表,且多个表没有直接的连接关系,但查询的信息一致时
特点:
1、要求多条查询语句的查询列数是一致的
2、要求多条查询语句的查询的每一列的类型和顺序最好一致
3、union关键字**默认去重,如果使用union all 可以包含重复项**
SELECT * from emp e LEFT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id UNION SELECT * FROM emp e RIGHT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id;
7. 全外连接(full outer join且左右表=null)
A的独有+B的独有
SELECT * from emp e LEFT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id WHERE d.dept_id is null UNION SELECT * FROM emp e RIGHT JOIN dept d ON e.dept_id=d.dept_id WHERE e.dept_id is null;
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原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50596778/article/details/123145434