最近用express搭建了一个简单的RESTful风格的API服务,数据库使用mysql,主要用于获取数据库数据,模糊搜索等。
需要用到的模块:
- express:这个都很熟悉了;
- body-parser:express中间件,用来解析req.body;
- mysql:用于连接mysql数据库;
1. express启动文件,prod.server.js:
const express = require('express');
const server = require('./mysqlServer');
let port = process.env.PORT || config.build.port;
const app = express();
let router = express.Router();
router.get('/', (req, res, next) => {
req.url = '/index.html';
next();
});
app.use(router);
let apiRoutes = express.Router();
apiRoutes.get('/test', (req, res) => {
server.getData('test', function(errCode, data){
res.json({
status: errCode,
data: data
});
});
});
apiRoutes.post('/search', function(req, res) {
// console.log(req.body);
server.doSearch(req.body.searchStr, function(errCode, data){
res.json({
status: errCode,
data: data
});
});
});
app.use('/api', apiRoutes);
app.use(express.static('./dist'));
module.exports = app.listen(port, function (err) {
if (err) {
console.log(err);
return
}
console.log('Listening at http://localhost:' + port + '\n');
});
2. 连接数据库,mysqlServer.js:
const mysql = require('mysql');
const DBConfig = {
host: 'localhost',
port: '3306',
user: 'name',
password: 'pwd',
database: '数据库名'
};
exports.getData = function(type, callback) {
...
};
exports.doSearch = function(str, callback) {
let connection = mysql.createConnection(DBConfig);
connection.connect();
let sql = "SELECT * FROM xxx WHERE name LIKE '%" + str + "%'";
// console.log(sql);
connection.query(sql, function(err, result){
if(err) {
console.log('[ERROR SQL] : ', sql);
console.log('[SEARCH ERROR] - ', err.message);
callback(0,[]);
}
let resultJson = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result));
callback(1,resultJson);
});
connection.end();
};
3. 需要注意的是
这里如果就按照我上面这种写法,应该是获取不到POST请求的body的,因为express 4.x官网也说了:
Contains key-value pairs of data submitted in the request body. By default, it is undefined, and is populated when you use body-parsing middleware such as body-parser and multer.
这个意思是提交请求的req.body中的键值对,express接收过来默认是undefined,需要借助中间件来做解析处理,于是便需要用到body-parser
。
const bodyParser = require('body-parser');
app.use(bodyParser.json()); //for parsing application/json
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true})); //for parsing application/x-www-form-urlencoded
4. body-parser应用场景
body-parser这两种用法基本覆盖了所有的应用场景,后定义的不会覆盖先定义的,经解析后获取到的都是json格式的对象,刚开始我没写 app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: true}));
这一句,req.body可以获取到但是为空对象,这是因为前端提交的默认数据格式是Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
,因此还需要做进一步解析。
到现在为止,就可以正常调用这个API服务了。