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Python While 循环语句
Python 编程中 while 语句用于循环执行程序,即在某条件下,循环执行某段程序,以处理需要重复处理的相同任务。其基本形式为:
while 判断条件: 执行语句……
执行语句可以是单个语句或语句块。判断条件可以是任何表达式,任何非零、或非空(null)的值均为true。
当判断条件假false时,循环结束。
执行流程图如下:
Gif 演示 Python while 语句执行过程
实例
#!/usr/bin/python count = 0 while (count < 9): print 'The count is:', count count = count + 1 print "Good bye!"
运行实例 »
以上代码执行输出结果:
The count is: 0 The count is: 1 The count is: 2 The count is: 3 The count is: 4 The count is: 5 The count is: 6 The count is: 7 The count is: 8 Good bye!
while 语句时还有另外两个重要的命令 continue,break 来跳过循环,continue 用于跳过该次循环,break 则是用于退出循环,此外"判断条件"还可以是个常值,表示循环必定成立,具体用法如下:
# continue 和 break 用法 i = 1 while i < 10: i += 1 if i%2 > 0: # 非双数时跳过输出 continue print i # 输出双数2、4、6、8、10 i = 1 while 1: # 循环条件为1必定成立 print i # 输出1~10 i += 1 if i > 10: # 当i大于10时跳出循环 break
无限循环
如果条件判断语句永远为 true,循环将会无限的执行下去,如下实例:
实例
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- var = 1 while var == 1 : # 该条件永远为true,循环将无限执行下去 num = raw_input("Enter a number :") print "You entered: ", num print "Good bye!"
以上实例输出结果:
Enter a number :20 You entered: 20 Enter a number :29 You entered: 29 Enter a number :3 You entered: 3 Enter a number between :Traceback (most recent call last): File "test.py", line 5, in <module> num = raw_input("Enter a number :") KeyboardInterrupt
注意:以上的无限循环你可以使用 CTRL+C 来中断循环。
循环使用 else 语句
在 python 中,while … else 在循环条件为 false 时执行 else 语句块:
实例
#!/usr/bin/python count = 0 while count < 5: print count, " is less than 5" count = count + 1 else: print count, " is not less than 5"
以上实例输出结果为:
0 is less than 5 1 is less than 5 2 is less than 5 3 is less than 5 4 is less than 5 5 is not less than 5
简单语句组
类似 if 语句的语法,如果你的 while 循环体中只有一条语句,你可以将该语句与while写在同一行中, 如下所示:
实例
#!/usr/bin/python flag = 1 while (flag): print 'Given flag is really true!' print "Good bye!"
注意:以上的无限循环你可以使用 CTRL+C 来中断循环。
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猜大小的游戏
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import random s = int(random.uniform(1,10)) #print(s) m = int(input('输入整数:')) while m != s: if m > s: print('大了') m = int(input('输入整数:')) if m < s: print('小了') m = int(input('输入整数:')) if m == s: print('OK') break;
我是可爱男生睡便天下男人
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六月耶
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猜拳小游戏
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import random while 1: s = int(random.randint(1, 3)) if s == 1: ind = "石头" elif s == 2: ind = "剪子" elif s == 3: ind = "布" m = raw_input('输入 石头、剪子、布,输入"end"结束游戏:') blist = ['石头', "剪子", "布"] if (m not in blist) and (m != 'end'): print "输入错误,请重新输入!" elif (m not in blist) and (m == 'end'): print "\n游戏退出中..." break elif m == ind : print "电脑出了: " + ind + ",平局!" elif (m == '石头' and ind =='剪子') or (m == '剪子' and ind =='布') or (m == '布' and ind =='石头'): print "电脑出了: " + ind +",你赢了!" elif (m == '石头' and ind =='布') or (m == '剪子' and ind =='石头') or (m == '布' and ind =='剪子'): print "电脑出了: " + ind +",你输了!"
测试结果:
输入 石头、剪子、布,输入"end"结束游戏:石头 电脑出了: 石头,平局! 输入 石头、剪子、布,输入"end"结束游戏:石头 电脑出了: 剪子,你赢了! 输入 石头、剪子、布,输入"end"结束游戏:
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摇筛子游戏
#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import random import sys import time result = [] while True: result.append(int(random.uniform(1,7))) result.append(int(random.uniform(1,7))) result.append(int(random.uniform(1,7))) print result count = 0 index = 2 pointStr = "" while index >= 0: currPoint = result[index] count += currPoint index -= 1 pointStr += " " pointStr += str(currPoint) if count <= 11: sys.stdout.write(pointStr + " -> " + "小" + "\n") time.sleep( 1 ) # 睡眠一秒 else: sys.stdout.write(pointStr + " -> " + "大" + "\n") time.sleep( 1 ) # 睡眠一秒 result = []
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十进制转二进制
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- denum = input("输入十进制数:") print denum,"(10)", binnum = [] # 二进制数 while denum > 0: binnum.append(str(denum % 2)) # 栈压入 denum //= 2 print '= ', while len(binnum)>0: import sys sys.stdout.write(binnum.pop()) # 无空格输出print ' (2)'
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九九乘法表
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while循环 - 九九乘法表
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- #九九乘法表 i = 1 while i : j = 1 while j: print j ,"*", i ," = " , i * j , ' ', if i == j : break j += 1 if j >= 10: break print "\n" i += 1 if i >= 10: break