step1:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
main()
{
vector<string> SS;
SS.push_back("The number is 10");
SS.push_back("The number is 20");
SS.push_back("The number is 30");
cout << "Loop by index:" << endl;
int ii;
; ii < SS.size(); ii++)
{
cout << SS[ii] << endl;
}
cout << endl << "Constant Iterator:" << endl;
vector<string>::const_iterator cii;
for(cii=SS.begin(); cii!=SS.end(); cii++)
{
cout << *cii << endl;
}
cout << endl << "Reverse Iterator:" << endl;
vector<string>::reverse_iterator rii;
for(rii=SS.rbegin(); rii!=SS.rend(); ++rii)
{
cout << *rii << endl;
}
cout << endl << "Sample Output:" << endl;
cout << SS.size() << endl;
cout << SS[] << endl;
swap(SS[], SS[]);
cout << SS[] << endl;
}
step2:
Compile: g++ exampleVector.cpp Run: ./a.out Output: Loop by index: The number The number The number Constant Iterator: The number The number The number Reverse Iterator: The number The number The number Sample Output: The number The number
此例子主要说明vector的使用。
编程语言方面：vector是C++标准模板库中的部分内容，中文偶尔译作“容器”，但并不准确。它是一个多功能的，能够操作多种数据结构和算法的模板类和函数库。vector之所以被认为是一个容器，是因为它能够像容器一样存放各种类型的对象，简单地说，vector是一个能够存放任意类型的动态数组，能够增加和压缩数据
例子2:（作为2纬数组使用）
step1:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
main()
{
// Declare size of two dimensional array and initialize.
vector< vector<, vector<,));
vI2Matrix[][] = ;
vI2Matrix[][] = ;
vI2Matrix[][] = ;
vI2Matrix[][] = ;
vI2Matrix[][] = ;
vI2Matrix[][] = ;
cout << "Loop by index:" << endl;
int ii, jj;
; ii < ; ii++)
{
; jj < ; jj++)
{
cout << vI2Matrix[ii][jj] << endl;
}
}
}
step2:
Compile: g++ exampleVector2.cpp Run: ./a.out Loop by index:
例子3:（多纬数组）
step1:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
main()
{
vector< vector< vector<, vector< vector<, vector<,)) );
; kk<; kk++)
{
; jj<; jj++)
{
; ii<; ii++)
{
cout << vI3Matrix[ii][jj][kk] << endl;
}
}
}
}
step2:
[root@localhost stl_test0001]# g++ exampleVector3.cpp [root@localhost stl_test0001]# ./a.out
例子3:(Example of iterators used with a two dimensional vector)
step1:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
main()
{
vector< vector<int> > vI2Matrix; // Declare two dimensional array
vector<int> A, B;
vector< vector<int> >::iterator iter_ii;
vector<int>::iterator iter_jj;
A.push_back();
A.push_back();
A.push_back();
B.push_back();
B.push_back();
B.push_back();
vI2Matrix.push_back(A);
vI2Matrix.push_back(B);
cout << endl << "Using Iterator:" << endl;
for(iter_ii=vI2Matrix.begin(); iter_ii!=vI2Matrix.end(); iter_ii++)
{
for(iter_jj=(*iter_ii).begin(); iter_jj!=(*iter_ii).end(); iter_jj++)
{
cout << *iter_jj << endl;
}
}
}
step2:
Compile: g++ exampleVector2.cpp Run: ./a.out Using Iterator:
list使用：
step1:
// Standard Template Library example
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
// Simple example uses type int
main()
{
list<int> L;
L.push_back(); // Insert a new element at the end
L.push_front(); // Insert a new element at the beginning
L.insert(++L.begin(),); // Insert "2" before position of first argument
// (Place before second argument)
L.push_back();
L.push_back();
list<int>::iterator i;
for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << *i << " ";
cout << endl;
;
}
step2:
Compile: g++ example1.cpp Run: ./a.out Output:
Standard Template Library example using a class.step1
// Standard Template Library example using a class.
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
// The List STL template requires overloading operators =, == and <.
class AAA
{
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, const AAA &);
public:
int x;
int y;
float z;
AAA();
AAA(const AAA &);
~AAA(){};
AAA &operator=(const AAA &rhs);
int operator==(const AAA &rhs) const;
int operator<(const AAA &rhs) const;
};
AAA::AAA() // Constructor
{
x = ;
y = ;
z = ;
}
AAA::AAA(const AAA ©in) // Copy constructor to handle pass by value.
{
x = copyin.x;
y = copyin.y;
z = copyin.z;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, const AAA &aaa)
{
output << aaa.x << ' ' << aaa.y << ' ' << aaa.z << endl;
return output;
}
AAA& AAA::operator=(const AAA &rhs)
{
this->x = rhs.x;
this->y = rhs.y;
this->z = rhs.z;
return *this;
}
int AAA::operator==(const AAA &rhs) const
{
;
;
;
;
}
// This function is required for built-in STL list functions like sort
int AAA::operator<(const AAA &rhs) const
{
;
;
;
;
}
main()
{
list<AAA> L;
AAA Ablob ;
Ablob.x=;
Ablob.y=;
Ablob.z=4.2355;
L.push_back(Ablob); // Insert a new element at the end
Ablob.x=;
L.push_back(Ablob); // Object passed by value. Uses default member-wise
// copy constructor
Ablob.z=3.2355;
L.push_back(Ablob);
Ablob.x=;
Ablob.y=;
Ablob.z=7.2355;
L.push_back(Ablob);
list<AAA>::iterator i;
for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << (*i).x << " "; // print member
cout << endl;
for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << *i << " "; // print with overloaded operator
cout << endl;
cout << "Sorted: " << endl;
L.sort();
for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << *i << " "; // print with overloaded operator
cout << endl;
;
}
step2:
Output: 4.2355 4.2355 3.2355 7.2355 Sorted: 7.2355 3.2355 4.2355 4.2355
C++ 函数模板
step1:
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
template<class T> T max(const T* data, int size) {
T result = data[];
; i < size ; i++)
if(result < data[i])
result = data[i];
return result;
}
template<class T> T min(const T* data, int size) {
T result = data[];
; i < size ; i++)
if(result > data[i])
result = data[i];
return result;
}
int main() {
double data[] = {1.5, 4.6, 3.1, 1.1, 3.8, 2.1};
, , , , , , , };
];
cout << "Minimum double is " << min(data, dataSize) << endl;
cout << "Maximum double is " << max(data, dataSize) << endl;
];
cout << "Minimum integer is " << min(numbers, numbersSize) << endl;
cout << "Maximum integer is " << max(numbers, numbersSize) << endl;
;
}
step2:
g++ random_shuffle22.cpp [root@localhost stl_test0001]# ./a.out Minimum double is 1.1 Maximum double is 4.6 Minimum integer Maximum integer
参考：
http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++STL.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/shixinzhu/archive/2012/03/05/2380203.html
https://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/download.html