一、案例知识点概述
(一)使用到的python库
使用pygame库、random库和os、sys等系统库。
其中:
pygame库实现主体功能,提供窗口界面显示、动态效果展示等
random库实现随机数的生成,通过随机数实现动态百叶窗的上下左右选择、百叶窗的数量选择等功能。 os库实现图片资源的装载和读取。
sys库实现退出操作等。
(二) 整体实现逻辑
通过WIDTH = 600
和 HEIGHT = 600
设置窗口的高度和宽度
通过runimage
和 nextimage
设置当前显示的图像和下一张要显示的图像
通过num_part = random.randint(3,8)
来设置要显示的百叶窗的数量
通过num_list = []
保存当前runimage拆分出来的百叶窗的surface资源,用于在百叶窗动态效果过程中显示。
通过choose
来设置是上下运动还是左右运动。
二、准备工作
(一)实现pygame的主窗口
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import pygame,sys
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(( 500 , 500 ))
pygame.display.set_caption( '大小框展示' )
fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()
while True :
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event. type = = pygame.QUIT or event. type = = pygame.K_F1:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
fcclock.tick( 60 )
pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口
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黑黑的框,不截图了。大家都懂。
(二)贴个图显示得好看点
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import pygame,sys
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(( 500 , 500 ))
pygame.display.set_caption( '大小框展示' )
fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()
img = pygame.image.load( './image/aerial-alpine-ceresole-reale-desktop-backgrounds-1562.jpg' ).convert_alpha()
img = pygame.transform.scale(img, ( 500 , 500 ))
while True :
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event. type = = pygame.QUIT or event. type = = pygame.K_F1:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
screen.blit(img,( 0 , 0 ))
fcclock.tick( 60 )
pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口
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(三)图片从哪里来
这里建议直接通过网络上下载免费的、好看的图片,并保存在指定的文件夹,用于过程中展现。
我认为有三种方法:
其一:使用爬虫技术从网上下载图片,可以开一个子线程负责采集网上图片,然后加载到list列表中;
其二:可以直接对电脑中所有的盘进行自动检索,然后加载到list列表中; 其三:指定目录,然后加载到list列表中;
我这里偷个懒,选择第三种方法实现。
具体实现代码如下:
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path = './image/'
files = []
dirs = os.listdir(path)
for diretion in dirs:
files.append(path + diretion)
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(四)图片装载
我为什么在初始化的时候就进行装载呢?
原因是:解决效率问题,无需每次使用时重复加载,而且在初始化的时候就适配屏幕大小进行图片缩放。
因此,我把这个过程打包成一个函数,方便后续调用,而且参数传递为:屏幕的大小。然后返回bglist对象。
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for file in files:
picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load( file ), ( 1440 , 900 ))
dSurface = picture
# dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert()
bglist.append(dSurface)
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OK,图片有了,窗口有了,那么就开始实现我们的业务逻辑吧。
三、核心功能模块
(一)实现init_image函数初始化加载图片到surface对象
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def init_image():
path = './image/'
files = []
dirs = os.listdir(path)
for diretion in dirs:
files.append(path + diretion)
for file in files:
picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load( file ), (WIDTH, HEIGHT))
dSurface = picture
# dSurface = pygame.image.load(file).convert()
bglist.append(dSurface)
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(二)初始化相关变量
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runimage = None
nextimage = None
flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏
flag2 = False
choose = 6
num_part = random.randint( 3 , 8 ) # 记录分成多少块矩形框
num_list = []
num_increse = 1
inc = random.choice([ - 1 , 1 ])
while num_increse< = num_part:
inc = - inc
num_list.append(inc)
num_increse + = 1
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这里,建议大家思考一下为什么要引入变量flag和flag2
(三)每次百叶窗切换完之后重置
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def reset():
global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list
flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏
flag2 = False
choose = random.randint( 6 , 7 )
if nextimage is None :
nextimage = random.choice(bglist)
if runimage is None :
runimage = random.choice(bglist)
else :
runimage = nextimage
nextimage = random.choice(bglist)
num_part = random.randint( 3 , 8 ) # 记录分成多少块矩形框
num_list = []
num_increse = 1
inc = random.choice([ - 1 , 1 ])
while num_increse < = num_part:
inc = - inc
num_list.append(inc)
num_increse + = 1
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(四)实现百叶窗动态切换的run函数
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def run():
global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list
reset()
while True :
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event. type = = pygame.QUIT or event. type = = pygame.K_F1:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event. type = = pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key = = pygame.K_ESCAPE:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.key = = pygame.K_SPACE:
if flag is False : # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏
flag = True
flag2 = False
screen.fill(( 255 , 255 , 255 )) # 设置背景为白色
if flag:
if choose = = 6 :
select_rect = []
kk = 0
while kk < num_part:
tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH / num_part, 0 ,WIDTH / num_part,HEIGHT)
select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy())
kk + = 1
screen.blit(nextimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
mm = 0
for each in zip (select_rect,num_list):
if each[ 1 ] = = 1 :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], (i + mm * WIDTH / num_part, - j))
else :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], (i + mm * WIDTH / num_part, j))
mm + = 1
j + = step
if j > = HEIGHT:
flag2 = True
elif choose = = 7 :
select_rect = []
kk = 0
while kk < num_part:
tmp_rect = pygame.Rect( 0 ,kk * HEIGHT / num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT / num_part)
select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy())
kk + = 1
screen.blit(nextimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
mm = 0
for each in zip (select_rect,num_list):
if each[ 1 ] = = 1 :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], ( - i, j + mm * HEIGHT / num_part))
else :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], (i, j + mm * HEIGHT / num_part))
mm + = 1
i + = step
if i > = WIDTH:
flag2 = True
else :
screen.blit(nextimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
screen.blit(runimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
if flag2:
reset()
fcclock.tick(fps)
pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口
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(五)主函数
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if __name__ = = '__main__' :
init_image()
run()
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四、完整代码
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import sys, pygame
import os
import random
pygame.init() # 初始化pygame类
WIDTH = 600
HEIGHT = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT)) # 设置窗口大小
pygame.display.set_caption( '美丽的屏保' ) # 设置窗口标题
tick = pygame.time.Clock()
fps = 60 # 设置刷新率,数字越大刷新率越高
fcclock = pygame.time.Clock()
runimage = None
nextimage = None
flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏
flag2 = False
choose = 6
num_part = random.randint( 3 , 8 ) # 记录分成多少块矩形框
num_list = []
num_increse = 1
inc = random.choice([ - 1 , 1 ])
while num_increse< = num_part:
inc = - inc
num_list.append(inc)
num_increse + = 1
def init_image():
path = './image/'
files = []
dirs = os.listdir(path)
for diretion in dirs:
files.append(path + diretion)
for file in files:
picture = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load( file ), (WIDTH, HEIGHT))
dSurface = picture
bglist.append(dSurface)
def reset():
global flag,runimage,nextimage,flag2,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list
flag = False # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏
flag2 = False
i = 0
j = 0
choose = random.randint( 6 , 7 )
if nextimage is None :
nextimage = random.choice(bglist)
if runimage is None :
runimage = random.choice(bglist)
else :
runimage = nextimage
nextimage = random.choice(bglist)
num_part = random.randint( 3 , 8 ) # 记录分成多少块矩形框
num_list = []
num_increse = 1
inc = random.choice([ - 1 , 1 ])
while num_increse < = num_part:
inc = - inc
num_list.append(inc)
num_increse + = 1
def run():
global flag,runimage,flag2,nextimage,i,j,choose,num_part,num_list
reset()
while True :
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event. type = = pygame.QUIT or event. type = = pygame.K_F1:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event. type = = pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key = = pygame.K_ESCAPE:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.key = = pygame.K_SPACE:
if flag is False : # FALSE没有切屏 TRUE 切屏
flag = True
flag2 = False
screen.fill(( 255 , 255 , 255 )) # 设置背景为白色
if flag:
if choose = = 6 :
select_rect = []
kk = 0
while kk < num_part:
tmp_rect = pygame.Rect(kk * WIDTH / num_part, 0 ,WIDTH / num_part,HEIGHT)
select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy())
kk + = 1
screen.blit(nextimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
mm = 0
for each in zip (select_rect,num_list):
if each[ 1 ] = = 1 :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], (i + mm * WIDTH / num_part, - j))
else :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], (i + mm * WIDTH / num_part, j))
mm + = 1
j + = step
if j > = HEIGHT:
flag2 = True
elif choose = = 7 :
select_rect = []
kk = 0
while kk < num_part:
tmp_rect = pygame.Rect( 0 ,kk * HEIGHT / num_part,WIDTH,HEIGHT / num_part)
select_rect.append(runimage.subsurface(tmp_rect).copy())
kk + = 1
screen.blit(nextimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
mm = 0
for each in zip (select_rect,num_list):
if each[ 1 ] = = 1 :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], ( - i, j + mm * HEIGHT / num_part))
else :
screen.blit(each[ 0 ], (i, j + mm * HEIGHT / num_part))
mm + = 1
i + = step
if i > = WIDTH:
flag2 = True
else :
screen.blit(nextimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
screen.blit(runimage, ( 0 , 0 ))
if flag2:
reset()
fcclock.tick(fps)
pygame.display.flip() # 刷新窗口
if __name__ = = '__main__' :
init_image()
run()
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五、运行效果
OK,写完,其实还是蛮有趣的,大家可以自动动手敲敲,也许比我写的更好。
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/dhjabc_1/article/details/117296159