欲成为海洋大师,必知晓海中每一滴水的真名。
刚开始只是想找一个转换JSON数组的方法,结果在MSDN翻到一大把。
搜索过程中免不了碰到一大堆名词:WCF => DataContract => DataMember => DataContractJsonSerializer,然后就是不停的引入命名空间。
这一段经历,立即让我就联想到了上面引用的这句存在于某小说里面巫师的话语。静态语言真有点令人抓狂,不停的做准备,然后才可能开始工作。
对比
主要类 | 命名空间 | 限制 | 内建LINQ支持 |
---|---|---|---|
DataContractJsonSerializer | System.Runtime.Serialization.Json | 通用 | 否 |
JavaScriptSerializer | System.Web.Script.Serialization | 只能在Web环境使用 | 否 |
JsonArray、JsonObject、JsonValue | System.Json | 只能在Silverlight中使用 | 是 |
JsonConvert、JArray、JObject、JValue、JProperty | Newtonsoft.Json | 通用 | 是 |
准备数据
实体类:
[DataContract]
public class Person
{
[DataMember(Order = , IsRequired = true)]
public string Name { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = )]
public int Age { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = )]
public bool Alive { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = )]
public string[] FavoriteFilms { get; set; } [DataMember(Order = )]
public Person Child { get; set; }
}
定义:
Action<object> log = o => Console.WriteLine(o);
Func<int, int, int> add = (x, y) => x + y; var p1 = new Person {
Age = ,
Alive = true,
Name = "lj",
FavoriteFilms = new[] { "Up", "Avatar" }
};
var p2 = new Person() { Age = , Name = "cy", Child = p1 };
使用DataContractJsonSerializer
需要添加引用:System.ServiceModel.Web 和 System.Runtime.Serialization,然后使用Using:
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
帮助类:
// using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json; /// <summary>
/// 解析JSON,仿Javascript风格
/// </summary>
public static class JSON
{ public static T parse<T>(string jsonString)
{
using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonString)))
{
return (T)new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T)).ReadObject(ms);
}
} public static string stringify(object jsonObject)
{
using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
new DataContractJsonSerializer(jsonObject.GetType()).WriteObject(ms, jsonObject);
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
}
}
}
用法:
// 序列化
var jsonString = JSON.stringify(new[] { p1, p2 });
log(jsonString == JSON.stringify(new List<Person>() { p1, p2 })); //true
log(jsonString);
// 反序列化,泛型集合
JSON.parse<List<Person>>(jsonString);
// 数组转换
JSON.parse<Person[]>(jsonString);
输出:
[{"Name":"lj","Age":12,"Alive":true,"FavoriteFilms":["Up","Avatar"],"Child":null
},{"Name":"cy","Age":28,"Alive":false,"FavoriteFilms":null,"Child":{"Name":"lj",
"Age":12,"Alive":true,"FavoriteFilms":["Up","Avatar"],"Child":null}}]
使用JavaScriptSerializer
引用库:System.Web.Extensions
// using System.Web.Script.Serialization; var jser = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var json = jser.Serialize(new List<Person>() { p1, p2 });
var persons = jser.Deserialize<List<Person>>(json);
使用Silverlight
// using System.Json var css = "{ \"#header\" : {background:\"red\"}, layout : [5,4,1],color:\"cyan\" }"; var style = JsonObject.Parse(css) as JsonObject; (
from s in style
where s.Key == "color"
select (string)s.Value
).First().ToString();
// "cyan" // 更多操作
style["layout"][] = ; var hd = style["#header"];
style["body>div+p"] = hd;
style.Remove("#header"); var bd = new JsonObject();
bd["border"] = "1px solid cyan";
style["body>div+p"]["#meta"] = bd;
style.ToString();
// {"layout":[22,4,1],"color":"cyan","body>div+p":{"background":"red","#meta":{"border":"1px solid cyan"}}}
使用JSON.NET
// using Newtonsoft.Json; var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new[] { p1, p2 });
var persons = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Person>>(json);
var ja = JArray.Parse(jsonString);
log(ja); //注意,格式化过的输出
输出: [
{
"Name": "lj",
"Age": ,
"Alive": true,
"FavoriteFilms": [
"Up",
"Avatar"
],
"Child": null
},
{
"Name": "cy",
"Age": ,
"Alive": false,
"FavoriteFilms": null,
"Child": {
"Name": "lj",
"Age": ,
"Alive": true,
"FavoriteFilms": [
"Up",
"Avatar"
],
"Child": null
}
}
]
LINQ:
var ageCount = ja.Select(j => (int)j["Age"]).Aggregate(add);
var q = from j in ja
where !j["Name"].Value<string>().Equals("lj")
select (int)j["Age"]; log(q.Aggregate(add) == ageCount); //false
其他:
// 与Linq to XML 相似的嵌套构造函数:
var jo = new JObject(
new JProperty("age", persons.Select( p => p.Age)),
new JProperty("funny", true),
new JProperty("array", new JArray(new[] { , , }))
);
log(jo); // JObject 操作
var css = "{ \"#header\" : {background:\"red\"}, layout : [5,4,1] }";
var style = JObject.Parse(css); var bd = new JObject();
bd["color"] = "1px solid cyan"; style["border"] = bd; var hd = style["#header"];
style["body>div+p"] = hd; hd.Parent.Remove(); style["layout"][] = ;
log(style);
输出:
{
"age": [
12,
28
],
"funny": true,
"array": [
2,
4,
1
]
}
{
"layout": [
22,
4,
1
],
"border": {
"color": "1px solid cyan"
},
"body>div+p": {
"background": "red"
}
}
几个链接:
由于原文的引用不全,所以只能拿来修改,原文地址如下:
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/ambar/archive/2010/07/13/parse-json-via-csharp.html