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Android与服务器端数据交互(1)
2011-06-07 16:01 佚名 互联网 我要评论(0) 字号：T |T
采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据，当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。
AD：
实现Android与服务器端数据交互，我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：
首先下载KSOAP包：
- ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar
然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：
以下分为七个步骤来调用WebService方法：
1、实例化SoapObject 对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：
- //命名空间
- private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
- //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
- private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
- //实例化SoapObject对象
- SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);
2、假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数
- request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");
3、设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致):
- //获得序列化的Envelope
- SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
- envelope.bodyOut=request;
4、注册Envelope,
- (new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);
5、构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：
- //请求URL
- private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
- //Android传输对象
- AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
- transport.debug=true;
6、调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象):
- transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
7、解析返回数据：
- if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
- return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
- }
- /**************
- * 解析XML
- * @param str
- * @return
- */
- private static List<String> parse(String str){
- String temp;
- List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
- if(str!=null && str.length()>0){
- int start=str.indexOf("string");
- int end=str.lastIndexOf(";");
- temp=str.substring(start, end-3);
- String []test=temp.split(";");
- for(int i=0;i<test.length;i++){
- if(i==0){
- temp=test[i].substring(7);
- }else{
- temp=test[i].substring(8);
- }
- int index=temp.indexOf(",");
- list.add(temp.substring(0, index));
- }
- }
- return list;
- }
这样就成功啦。那么现在我们就来测试下吧，这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务的，我这里只提供获取城市列表：
- //命名空间
- private static final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
- //请求URL
- private static final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
- //调用方法(获得支持的城市)
- private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
- //调用城市的方法(需要带参数)
- private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
- //调用省或者直辖市的方法(获得支持的省份或直辖市)
- private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
您所在的位置：移动开发 > Android > Android与服务器端数据交互(2)
Android与服务器端数据交互(2)
2011-06-07 16:01 佚名 互联网 我要评论(0) 字号：T | T采用HttpClient向服务器端action请求数据，当然调用服务器端方法获取数据并不止这一种WebService也可以为我们提供所需数据，那么什么是webService呢？，它是一种基于SAOP协议的远程调用标准，通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台，不同语言，不同技术整合到一起。
AD：
我们选择获取国内外主要城市或者省份的方法吧：getSupportProvice,然后调用，你会发现浏览器返回给我们的是xml文档：
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
-
<ArrayOfString xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
-
xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
-
<string>直辖市</string>
-
<string>特别行政区</string>
-
<string>黑龙江</string>
-
<string>吉林</string>
-
<string>辽宁</string>
-
<string>内蒙古</string>
-
<string>河北</string>
-
<string>河南</string>
-
<string>山东</string>
-
<string>山西</string>
-
<string>江苏</string>
-
<string>安徽</string>
-
<string>陕西</string>
-
<string>宁夏</string>
-
<string>甘肃</string>
-
<string>青海</string>
-
<string>湖北</string>
-
<string>湖南</string>
-
<string>浙江</string>
-
<string>江西</string>
-
<string>福建</string>
-
<string>贵州</string>
-
<string>四川</string>
-
<string>广东</string>
-
<string>广西</string>
-
<string>云南</string>
-
<string>海南</string>
-
<string>*</string>
-
<string>*</string>
-
<string>*</string>
-
<string>亚洲</string>
-
<string>欧洲</string>
-
<string>非洲</string>
-
<string>北美洲</string>
-
<string>南美洲</string>
-
<string>大洋洲</string>
-
</ArrayOfString>
我们可以用 listview来显示：
那么下面我将给出全部代码：
- public class WebServiceHelper {
- //WSDL文档中的命名空间
- private static final
-
String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/"; //WSDL文档中的URL
- private static final
-
String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
- //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
-
private static final String getSupportProvince="getSupportProvince";
- //需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)
-
private static final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";
- //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数
-
private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
- /********
- * 获得州，国内外省份和城市信息
- * @return
- */
-
public List<String> getProvince(){
-
List<String>
-
provinces=new ArrayList<String>();
-
String str="";
-
SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportProvince);
- //request.addProperty("参数", "参数值");调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
-
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
-
envelope.dotNet=true;
-
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
-
AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
-
//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
- try {
- httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportProvince, envelope);
-
SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
- //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
-
//str=(String) result.getProperty(6).toString();
-
int count=result.getPropertyCount();
-
for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
- provinces.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
- }
- } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return provinces;
- }
- /**********
- * 根据省份或者直辖市获取天气预报所支持的城市集合
- * @param province
- * @return
- */
-
public List<String> getCitys(String province){
-
List<String> citys=new ArrayList<String>();
-
SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
- soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", province);
-
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
-
envelope.dotNet=true;
- envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
-
AndroidHttpTransport httpTransport=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
- try {
- httpTransport.call(targetNameSpace+getSupportCity, envelope);
-
SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
-
int count=result.getPropertyCount();
-
for(int index=0;index<count;index++){
- citys.add(result.getProperty(index).toString());
- }
- } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return citys;
- }
- /***************************
- * 根据城市信息获取天气预报信息
- * @param city
- * @return
- ***************************/
- public WeatherBean getWeatherByCity(String city){
-
WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();
-
SoapObject soapObject=new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
- soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
-
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
-
envelope.dotNet=true;
-
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);//envelope.bodyOut=request;
-
AndroidHttpTransport httpTranstation=new AndroidHttpTransport(WSDL);
-
//或者HttpTransportSE httpTranstation=new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
- try {
- httpTranstation.call(targetNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);
-
SoapObject result=(SoapObject)envelope.getResponse();
- //下面对结果进行解析，结构类似json对象
-
bean=parserWeather(result);
- } catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return bean;
- }
- /**
- * 解析返回的结果
- * @param soapObject
- */
- protected WeatherBean parserWeather(SoapObject soapObject){
-
WeatherBean bean=new WeatherBean();
-
List<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
-
Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<String,Object>();//城市名
- bean.setCityName(soapObject.getProperty(1).toString());//城市简介
- bean.setCityDescription(soapObject.getProperty(soapObject.getPropertyCount()-1).toString());
- bean.setLiveWeather(soapObject.getProperty(10).toString()+"\n"+soapObject.getProperty(11).toString()); //其他数据 //日期，
-
String date=soapObject.getProperty(6).toString();
-
String weatherToday="今天：" + date.split(" ")[0];
- weatherToday+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1];
- weatherToday+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(5).toString();
- weatherToday+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(7).toString();
- weatherToday+="\n";
-
List<Integer> icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(8).toString()));
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(9).toString()));
- map.put("weatherDay", weatherToday);
- map.put("icons",icons);
- list.add(map);
-
map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
-
date=soapObject.getProperty(13).toString();
-
String weatherTomorrow="明天：" + date.split(" ")[0];
- weatherTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1];
- weatherTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(12).toString();
- weatherTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(14).toString();
- weatherTomorrow+="\n";
-
icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(15).toString()));
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(16).toString()));
- map.put("weatherDay", weatherTomorrow);
- map.put("icons",icons);
- list.add(map);
-
map=new HashMap<String,Object>();
-
date=soapObject.getProperty(18).toString();
-
String weatherAfterTomorrow="后天：" + date.split(" ")[0];
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n天气："+ date.split(" ")[1];
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n气温："+soapObject.getProperty(17).toString();
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n风力："+soapObject.getProperty(19).toString();
- weatherAfterTomorrow+="\n";
-
icons=new ArrayList<Integer>();
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(20).toString()));
- icons.add(parseIcon(soapObject.getProperty(21).toString()));
- map.put("weatherDay", weatherAfterTomorrow);
- map.put("icons",icons);
- list.add(map);
- bean.setList(list);
- return bean;
- } //解析图标字符串
- private int parseIcon(String data){
- // 0.gif，返回名称0,
-
int resID=32;
-
String result=data.substring(0, data.length()-4).trim();
-
// String []icon=data.split(".");
-
// String result=icon[0].trim();
- // Log.e("this is the icon", result.trim());
- if(!result.equals("nothing")){
-
resID=Integer.parseInt(result.trim());
- }
- return resID;
- //return ("a_"+data).split(".")[0];
- }
- }
上就是我所作的查询天气预报的全部核心代码了，读者可以根据注释以及本文章了解下具体实现，相信很快就搞明白了，运行结果如下：
到此结束，下一节主要是socket通信了。