Java可视化AWT

时间：2022-02-22 04:17:03

AWT

总体上Swing组件替代了绝大部分AWT组件,对AWT图形用户界面编程有极好的补充和加强。

package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/1.

 */

public class FrameTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame f = new Frame("测试窗口");

        // 设置窗口的大小、位置

        f.setBounds(30,30,250,200);

        // 将窗口显示出来

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

}

AWT容器

图形界面编程，类似于小朋友玩的拼图游戏，容器类似于拼图的母板，普通组件类似于拼图图块。

package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/1.

 */

public class PanelTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame f = new Frame("测试页面");

        Panel p = new Panel();

        p.add(new TextField(20));

        p.add(new Button("Click Me"));

        f.add(p);

        f.setBounds(30,30,250,120);

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

}

FlowLayout布局管理器

  • 组件像水流一样向某方向流动，遇到障碍就折回，重头开始排列。
package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/1.

 */

public class FlowLayoutTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame f = new Frame("测试窗口");

        // 设置Frame使用FlowLayout布局管理器

        f.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT,20,5));

        // 向窗口添加10个按钮

        for (int i = 0;i<10;i++) {

            f.add(new Button("Button"+i));

        }

        // 设置窗口为最佳大小

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

}

BorderLayout布局管理器

  • BorderLayout将容器分为EAST、SOUTH、WEST、NORTH、CENTER五个区域。普通组件可以放在这五个区域中的任意一个。
  • 默认添加到中间区域。
package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

import static java.awt.BorderLayout.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/1.

 */

public class BorderLayoutTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame f = new Frame("测试窗口");

        // 设置Frame容器使用BorderLayout布局管理器

        f.setLayout(new BorderLayout(50,50));

        f.add(new Button("S"),SOUTH);

        f.add(new Button("N"),NORTH);

        // 默认添加到中间区域

        f.add(new Button("M"));

        f.add(new Button("E"),EAST);

        f.add(new Button("W"),WEST);

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

}

GirdLayout布局管理器

GirdLayout布局管理器将容器分割成纵横分割的网格，每个网格所占据的领域大小相同。

package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

import static java.awt.BorderLayout.*; // 默认布局

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/1.

 */

public class GridLayoutTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame f = new Frame("计算器");

        Panel p1 = new Panel();

        p1.add(new TextField(30));

        f.add(p1,NORTH); // import static java.awt.BorderLayout.*;

        Panel p2 = new Panel();

        p2.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,5,4,4));

        String[] name = {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","+","-","*","/","."};

        for (int i = 0;i<name.length;i++) {

            p2.add(new Button(name[i]));

        }

        f.add(p2);

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

}

GridBagLayout

  • 与GridLayout不同,它可以跨越一个或多个网络，并可以设置网络的大小互不相同。

  • 增加布局的灵活性

  • 使用步骤

  1. 创建GridBagLayout布局管理器
  2. 创建GridBagConstraints对象
  3. 建立关联
  4. 添加组件
package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/2.

 */

public class GridBagTest {

    private Frame f = new Frame("测试窗口");

    private GridBagLayout gb = new GridBagLayout();

    private GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();

    private Button[] bs = new Button[10];

    public void init() {

        f.setLayout(gb);

        for (int i = 0;i<bs.length;i++) {

            bs[i] = new Button("Button"+i);

        }

        // 所有组件都可以横向、纵向扩大

        gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;

        gbc.weightx = 1;

        addButton(bs[0]);

        addButton(bs[1]);

        addButton(bs[2]);

        gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;

        addButton(bs[3]);

        gbc.weightx = 0;

        addButton(bs[4]);

        gbc.gridwidth = 2;

        addButton(bs[5]);

        gbc.gridwidth = 1;

        gbc.gridheight = 2;

        gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;

        addButton(bs[6]);

        gbc.gridwidth = 1;

        gbc.gridheight =2;

        gbc.weighty = 1;

        addButton(bs[7]);

        gbc.weighty = 0;

        gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;

        gbc.gridheight = 1;

        addButton(bs[8]);

        addButton(bs[9]);

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new GridBagTest().init();

    }

    private void addButton(Button button) {

        gb.setConstraints(button,gbc);

        f.add(button);

    }

}

BoxLayout

  • BoxLayout 可以在垂直和水平两个方向摆放控件
package ch11;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/2.

 */

public class BoxLayoutTest {

    private Frame f = new Frame("测试");

    public void init() {

        f.setLayout(new BoxLayout(f,BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));

        // 下面按钮将垂直排列

        f.add(new Button("First Button"));

        f.add(new Button("Second Button"));

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new BoxLayoutTest().init();

    }

}


package ch11;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/2.

 */

public class BoxTest {

    private Frame f = new Frame("测试");

    // 定义水平组件Box对象

    private Box horizontal = Box.createHorizontalBox();

    // 定义垂直组件Box对象

    private Box verical = Box.createVerticalBox();

    public void init() {

        horizontal.add(new Button("H btn1"));

        horizontal.add(new Button("H btn2"));

        verical.add(new Button("V btn1"));

        verical.add(new Button("V btn2"));

        f.add(horizontal,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        f.add(verical);

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new BoxTest().init();

    }

}

常用的

package ch11;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/2.

 */

public class CommonComponent {

    Frame f = new Frame("测试");

    Button ok = new Button("Confirm");

    CheckboxGroup cbg = new CheckboxGroup();

    Checkbox male = new Checkbox("Male",cbg,true);

    Checkbox female = new Checkbox("Female",cbg,false);

    Choice colorChooser = new Choice();

    List colorList = new List(6,true);

    TextArea ta = new TextArea(5,20);

    TextField name = new TextField(50);

    public void init() {

        colorChooser.add("red");

        colorChooser.add("green");

        colorChooser.add("blue");

        colorList.add("red");

        colorList.add("green");

        colorList.add("blue");

        Panel bottom = new Panel();

        bottom.add(name);

        bottom.add(ok);

        f.add(bottom,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        Panel checkPanel = new Panel();

        checkPanel.add(colorChooser);

        checkPanel.add(male);

        checkPanel.add(female);

        Box topLeft = Box.createVerticalBox();

        topLeft.add(ta);

        topLeft.add(checkPanel);

        Box top = Box.createHorizontalBox();

        top.add(topLeft);

        top.add(colorList);

        f.add(top);

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new CommonComponent().init();

    }

}

Java可视化AWT

Dialog对话框

  • 对话框
package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/2.

 */

public class DialogTest {

    Frame f = new Frame("测试");

    Dialog d1 = new Dialog(f,"Modal Dialog",true);

    Dialog d2 = new Dialog(f,"Not Modal Dialog",false);

    Button b1 = new Button("Open MD");

    Button b2 = new Button("Open NMD");

    public void init() {

        d1.setBounds(20,30,300,400);

        d2.setBounds(20,30,300,400);

        b1.addActionListener(e->d1.setVisible(true));

        b2.addActionListener(e->d2.setVisible(true));

        f.add(b1);

        f.add(b2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new DialogTest().init();

    }

}


package ch11;

import java.awt.*;

/**

 * Created by Jiqing on 2016/12/2.

 */

public class FileDialogTest {

    Frame f = new Frame("测试");

    FileDialog d1 = new FileDialog(f,"load file",FileDialog.LOAD);

    FileDialog d2 = new FileDialog(f,"save file",FileDialog.SAVE);

    Button b1 = new Button("open");

    Button b2 = new Button("save");

    public void init() {

        b1.addActionListener(e->{

            d1.setVisible(true);

            System.out.println(d1.getDirectory()+d1.getFile());

        });

        b2.addActionListener(e->{

            d2.setVisible(true);

            System.out.println(d2.getDirectory()+d2.getFile());

        });

        f.add(b1);

        f.add(b2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        f.pack();

        f.setVisible(true);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new FileDialogTest().init();

    }

}

Java可视化AWT

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