本文实例为大家分享了C语言实现简易通讯录的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
一、概述
通讯录的实现其中包括了指针、结构体、动态内存管理、文件的读写操作等知识点,是对这些知识点应用巩固的非常好的例子;
通讯录功能如下:
- 添加联系人
- 删除联系人
- 查找联系人
- 修改联系人
- 显示所有联系人
- 加载联系人
- 保存联系人
- 联系人排序
二、代码如下
contact.h
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#ifndef CONTACT_H
#define CONTACT_H
#define NAME_MAX 20
#define SEX_MAX 10
#define TEL_MAX 12
#define ADDR_MAX 20
#define MEMBER_MAX 1
typedef struct info
{
char name[NAME_MAX];
char sex[SEX_MAX];
int age;
char tele[TEL_MAX];
char addr[ADDR_MAX];
}info;
typedef struct contact
{
info *data;
int size;
int capacity;
}contact, *pcontact;
//初始化通讯录
void InitContact(pcontact list);
//添加联系人
void AddContact(pcontact list);
//删除联系人
void DellContact(pcontact list);
//查找联系人
void FindContact(pcontact list);
//修改联系人
void ModContact(pcontact list);
//显示所有联系人
void ShowContact(pcontact list);
//联系人排序(选择法)
void SortContact(pcontact list);
//检查容量
int CheckSize(pcontact list);
//查找联系人在数组data第几个位置
int FindContactAddr(pcontact list);
//从文件中加载联系人到内存
void LoadContact(pcontact list);
//将联系人从内从中保存到文件
void SaveContact(pcontact list);
#endif
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contact.c
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "contact.h"
//初始化通讯录
void InitContact(pcontact list)
{
list->data = (info *) malloc ( sizeof (info)* MEMBER_MAX);
list->size = 0;
list->capacity = MEMBER_MAX;
//每次初始化是加载一遍文件,防止最新录入的在保存在文件时覆盖上次
//打开程序时保存的信息
LoadContact(list);
}
//添加联系人
void AddContact(pcontact list)
{
info tmp_member;
if (CheckCapacity(list) == 0)
{
printf ( "成员已满,添加失败!" );
return ;
}
printf ( "请输入姓名:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.name);
printf ( "请输入性别:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.sex);
printf ( "请输入年龄:" );
scanf ( "%d" , &tmp_member.age);
printf ( "请输入电话:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.tele);
printf ( "请输入地址:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.addr);
list->data[list->size] = tmp_member;
printf ( "添加成功!\n" );
list->size++;
}
//删除联系人
void DellContact(pcontact list)
{
char tmp_name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
int ret = 0;
printf ( "请输入姓名:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_name);
ret = FindContactAddr(list, tmp_name);
if (ret == -1)
{
printf ( "无此联系人!\n" );
return ;
}
for (ret; ret < list->size - 1; ret++)
{
list->data[ret] = list->data[ret + 1];
}
printf ( "删除成功!\n" );
list->size--;
}
//查找联系人
void FindContact(pcontact list)
{
char tmp_name[NAME_MAX] = { 0 };
printf ( "请输入姓名:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_name);
for ( int i = 0; i < list->size; i++)
{
if ( strcmp (tmp_name, list->data[i].name) == 0)
{
printf ( "===============================\n" );
printf ( "姓名:%s\n" , list->data[i].name);
printf ( "性别:%s\n" , list->data[i].sex);
printf ( "年龄:%d\n" , list->data[i].age);
printf ( "电话:%s\n" , list->data[i].tele);
printf ( "地址:%s\n" , list->data[i].addr);
printf ( "===============================\n" );
return ;
}
}
printf ( "无此联系人!\n" );
}
//查找联系人在数组data第几个位置
int FindContactAddr(pcontact list, char *tmp_name)
{
for ( int i = 0; i < list->size; i++)
{
if ( strcmp (tmp_name, list->data[i].name) == 0)
return i;
}
return -1;
}
//修改联系人
void ModContact(pcontact list)
{
info tmp_member;
int ret = 0;
printf ( "请输入姓名:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.name);
ret = FindContactAddr(list, tmp_member.name);
if (ret == -1)
{
printf ( "无此联系人!\n" );
return ;
}
printf ( "请输入性别:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.sex);
printf ( "请输入年龄:" );
scanf ( "%s" , &tmp_member.age);
printf ( "请输入电话:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.tele);
printf ( "请输入地址:" );
scanf ( "%s" , tmp_member.addr);
list->data[ret] = tmp_member;
printf ( "修改成功!\n" );
}
//联系人排序(选择法)
void SortContact(pcontact list)
{
info tmp_member;
for ( int i = 0; i < list->size - 2; i++)
{
for ( int j = 1; j < list->size - 1; j++)
{
if ( strcmp (list->data[i].name, list->data[j].name) > 0)
{
tmp_member = list->data[i];
list->data[i] = list->data[j];
list->data[j] = tmp_member;
}
}
}
}
//检查上次动态开辟的空间是否够用,不够时继续开辟
int CheckCapacity(pcontact list)
{
if (list->size == list->capacity)
{
info *tmp = (info *) malloc ( sizeof (info)* (list->capacity + 10));
if (tmp == NULL)
return 0;
memcpy (tmp, list->data, sizeof (info) * list->size);
free (list->data);
list->data = tmp;
list->capacity += 10;
}
return 1;
}
//显示所有联系人
void ShowContact(pcontact list)
{
for ( int i = 0; i < list->size; i++)
{
printf ( "============第%d位==============\n" , i + 1);
printf ( "姓名:%s\n" , list->data[i].name);
printf ( "性别:%s\n" , list->data[i].sex);
printf ( "年龄:%d\n" , list->data[i].age);
printf ( "电话:%s\n" , list->data[i].tele);
printf ( "地址:%s\n" , list->data[i].addr);
printf ( "===============================\n" );
}
}
//从文件中加载联系人到内存
void LoadContact(pcontact list)
{
info tmp_member;
FILE *pf = NULL;
pf = fopen ( "./contatc.dat" , "rb" );
if (pf == NULL)
perror ( "fopen error" );
//按照内存块读取,一次读1块,1块大小是sizeof(info)
while ( fread (&tmp_member, sizeof (info), 1, pf))
{
if (CheckCapacity(list))
{
list->data[list->size] = tmp_member;
list->size++;
}
}
if (pf != NULL)
{
fclose (pf);
pf = NULL;
printf ( "加载成功!\n" );
}
}
//将联系人从内从中保存到文件
void SaveContact(pcontact list)
{
FILE *pf = NULL;
pf = fopen ( "./contatc.dat" , "wb" );
if (pf == NULL)
perror ( "fopen error" );
for ( int i = 0; i < list->size; i++)
{
//按照内存块写入,一次写1块,1块大小是sizeof(info)
fwrite (list->data + i, sizeof (info), 1, pf);
}
if (pf != NULL)
{
fclose (pf);
pf = NULL;
printf ( "保存成功!\n" );
}
}
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test.c
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#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "contact.h"
enum opt
{
Exit,
Add,
Dell,
Find,
Mod,
Show,
Load,
Save,
Sort,
};
void menu( void )
{
printf ( "/*========================通讯录======================*/\n" );
printf ( "/*= 0.退出通讯录 1.添加联系人 =*/\n" );
printf ( "/*= 2.删除联系人 3.查找联系人 =*/\n" );
printf ( "/*= 4.修改联系人 5.显示所有联系人 =*/\n" );
printf ( "/*= 6.加载联系人 7.保存联系人 =*/\n" );
printf ( "/*= 8.联系人排序 =*/\n" );
printf ( "/*====================================================*/\n" );
}
void TestContact( void )
{
contact pc;
InitContact(&pc);
int opt = 0;
do
{
menu();
printf ( "请选择:>" );
scanf ( "%d" , &opt);
switch (opt)
{
case Exit:
printf ( "退出系统...\n" );
break ;
case Add:
AddContact(&pc);
break ;
case Dell:
DellContact(&pc);
break ;
case Find:
FindContact(&pc);
break ;
case Mod:
ModContact(&pc);
break ;
case Show:
ShowContact(&pc);
break ;
case Load:
LoadContact(&pc);
break ;
case Save:
SaveContact(&pc);
break ;
case Sort:
SortContact(&pc);
break ;
default :
printf ( "输入选项有误,重新输入!\n" );
break ;
}
} while (opt);
}
int main( void )
{
TestContact();
printf ( "\n" );
system ( "pause" );
return 0;
}
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/yangke369/article/details/106132437