.NET Core使用swagger进行API接口文档打点

时间:2022-03-06 04:45:04

  随着技术的发展,现在的开发模式已经更多的转向了前后端分离的模式,在前后端开发的过程中,联系的方式也变成了API接口,但是目前项目中对于API的管理很多时候还是通过手工编写文档,每次的需求变更只要涉及到接口的变更,文档都需要进行额外的维护,如果有哪个小伙伴忘记维护,很多时候就会造成一连续的问题,那如何可以更方便的解决API的沟通问题?Swagger给我们提供了一个方式,由于目前主要我是投入在.NET Core项目的开发中,所以以.NET Core作为示例

二、什么是Swagger

  Swagger可以从不同的代码中,根据注释生成API信息,swagger拥有强大的社区,并且对于各种语言都支持良好,有很多的工具可以通过swagger生成的文件生成API文档

三、.NET Core中使用

  .NET Core中使用首先要用nuget引用Swashbuckle.AspNetCore,在startup.cs中加入如下代码

// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)

{

services.AddMvc();

services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>

{

c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Title = "Hello", Version = "v1" });

var basePath = PlatformServices.Default.Application.ApplicationBasePath;

var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "WebApplication2.xml");

c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);

});

services.AddMvcCore().AddApiExplorer();

}

// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)

{

if (env.IsDevelopment())

{

app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();

}

app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();

app.UseSwagger(c =>

{

});

app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>

{

c.ShowExtensions();

c.ValidatorUrl(null);

c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "test V1");

});

}

以上部分为加载swagger的代码,位于startup.cs中,下面是controller代码:

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace WebApplication2.Controllers

{

/// <summary>

/// 测试信息

/// </summary>

[Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]

public class ValuesController : Controller

{

/// <summary>

/// 获取所有信息

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

[HttpGet]

public IEnumerable<string> Get()

{

return new string[] { "value1", "value2" };

}

/// <summary>

/// 根据ID获取信息

/// </summary>

/// <param></param>

/// <returns></returns>

// GET api/values/5

[HttpGet("{id}")]

public string Get(int id)

{

return "value";

}

/// <summary>

/// POST了一个数据信息

/// </summary>

/// <param></param>

// POST api/values

[HttpPost]

public void Post([FromBody]string value)

{

}

/// <summary>

/// 根据ID put 数据

/// </summary>

/// <param></param>

/// <param></param>

// PUT api/values/5

[HttpPut("{id}")]

public void Put(int id, [FromBody]string value)

{

}

/// <summary>

/// 根据ID删除数据

/// </summary>

/// <param></param>

// DELETE api/values/5

[HttpDelete("{id}")]

public void Delete(int id)

{

}

/// <summary>

/// 复杂数据操作

/// </summary>

/// <param></param>

// DELETE api/values/5

[HttpPost]

public namevalue test(namevalue _info)

{

return _info;

}

}

public class namevalue

{

/// <summary>

/// name的信息

/// </summary>

public String name { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// value的信息

/// </summary>

public String value { get; set; }

}

}

接下来我们还需要在生成中勾上XML生成文档,如图所示

.NET Core使用swagger进行API接口文档打点

  接下去我们可以运行起来了,调试,浏览器中输入:50510/swagger/,这里端口啥的根据实际情况来,运行效果如下图所示:

.NET Core使用swagger进行API接口文档打点

可以看到swagger将方法上的注释以及实体的注释都抓出来了,并且显示在swaggerui,整体一目了然,并且可以通过try it按钮进行简单的调试,但是在具体项目中,可能存在需要将某些客户端信息通过header带到服务中,例如token信息,用户信息等(我们项目中就需要header中带上token传递到后端),那针对于这种情况要如何实现呢?可以看下面的做法

// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)

{

services.AddMvc();

services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>

{

c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Title = "Hello", Version = "v1" });

var basePath = PlatformServices.Default.Application.ApplicationBasePath;

var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "WebApplication2.xml");

c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);

c.OperationFilter<AddAuthTokenHeaderParameter>();

});

services.AddMvcCore().AddApiExplorer();

}

public class AddAuthTokenHeaderParameter : IOperationFilter

{

public void Apply(Operation operation, OperationFilterContext context)

{

if (operation.Parameters == null)

{

operation.Parameters = new List<IParameter>();

}

operation.Parameters.Add(new NonBodyParameter()

{

Name = "token",

In = "header",

Type = "string",

Description = "token认证信息",

Required = true

});

}

}