python实现学生管理系统

python写的简单的学生管理系统，练习python语法。

可以运行在windows和linux下，python 2.7。

#!/usr/local/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import os
import re

#定义学生类
class Student:
 def __init__(self):
  self.name = ''
  self.ID = ''
  self.score = 0

#根据学生分数进行从大到小的冒泡排序
def BuddleSortByScore( stulist ):
 n = len( stulist )
 for i in range( n ):
  for j in range( n - i - 1):
   if stulist[j].score < stulist[j+1].score:
    #tmp = stulist[j+1]
    #stulist[j+1] = stulist[j]
    #stulist[j] = tmp
    stulist[j],stulist[j+1] = stulist[j+1],stulist[j]

#按顺序输出所有学生的信息
def PrintAllStudentInfo( stulist ):
 print u"______________________学生列表_______________"
 for i in range( len(stulist) ):
  print u"姓名:" ,
  print stulist[i].name,
  print " " ,
  print u"学号:" ,
  print stulist[i].ID ,
  print " " ,
  print u"分数：" ,
  print stulist[i].score
 print "____________________________________________"

#增加一个学生,增加成功返回True，否则返回False
def Add( stulist , stu ):
 if searchByID( stulist , stu.ID ) == 1:
  print u"此ID已经存在！"
  return False
 stulist.append( stu )

 #给出是否保存更新数据的选择
 print "Do you want to save the result ?"
 nChoose = raw_input("Choose:Y/N:")

 if nChoose == 'Y' or nChoose == 'y':
  #将改变后的结果写入文件中,追加写文件
  file_object = open("students.txt","a")
  file_object.write( stu.ID )
  file_object.write( " " )
  file_object.write( stu.name )
  file_object.write( " " )
  file_object.write( str(stu.score) )
  file_object.write( "\r\n" )
  file_object.close()
  return True
 else:
  stulist.remove(stu)

#根据ID删除一个学生的信息，删除成功则返回True，否则返回false
def DeleteByID( stulist , ID ):
 for stu in stulist:
  if stu.ID == ID:
   stulist.remove( stu )

   #选择是否保存已经改变的内容
   print "Do you want to save the changed result ?"
   nChoose = raw_input("Choose:Y/N:")

   if nChoose == 'Y' or nChoose == 'y':
    file_object = open("students.txt" , "w+")
    for stu2 in stulist:
     file_object.write(stu2.ID)
     file_object.write(" ")
     file_object.write(stu2.name)
     file_object.write(" ")
     file_object.write(str(stu2.score))
     file_object.write("\r\n")
    file_object.close()
    print u"删除成功!"
   return True
 print u"删除失败!"
 return False


#根据姓名删除一个学生的信息，删除成功返回True,否则返回False
def DeleteByName( stulist , name ):
 pos = searchByName( stulist , name )
 if pos != -1:
  del stulist[pos]

  #选择是否保存已经改变的内容
  print "Do you want to save the changed result ?"
  nChoose = raw_input("Choose:Y/N:")

  if nChoose == 'Y' or nChoose == 'y':
    file_object = open("students.txt" , "w+")
    for stu2 in stulist:
     file_object.write(stu2.ID)
     file_object.write(" ")
     file_object.write(stu2.name)
     file_object.write(" ")
     file_object.write(str(stu2.score))
     file_object.write("\r\n")
    file_object.close()
    print u"删除成功!"
  return True
 else:
  print u"删除失败!"
  print pos
  return False


#根据学号查找一个学生是否存在,存在返回学生在列表中的下标，否则返回-1
def searchByID( stulist , ID ):
 for i in range( len(stulist) ):
  if stulist[i].ID == ID:
   print u"姓名：" ,
   print stulist[i].name ,
   print " " ,
   print u"学号:" ,
   print stulist[i].ID ,
   print " " ,
   print u"分数:" ,
   print stulist[i].score
   return i
 return -1

#根据姓名查找一个学生是否存在，存在返回学生在列表中的下标,否则返回-1
def searchByName( stulist , name ):
 for i in range( len(stulist) ):
  if stulist[i].name == name:
   print u"姓名：" ,
   print stulist[i].name ,
   print " " ,
   print u"学号:" ,
   print stulist[i].ID ,
   print " " ,
   print u"分数:" ,
   print stulist[i].score
   return i
 return -1

#初始化，读取文件，更新学生信息
def Init( stulist ):
 print u"初始化......"

 file_object = open("students.txt","r")

 #按行读取文件中学生的信息
 for line in file_object:
  stu = Student()
  line = line.strip("\n")
  s = line.split(" ")
  stu.ID = s[0]
  stu.name = s[1]
  stu.score = s[2]
  stulist.append(stu)
 print u"初始化成功!"


#查找菜单
def QueryMenu( stulist ):
 while True:
  print "******************************"
  print u"根据学生的学号进行查找-------1"
  print u"根据学生的姓名进行查找-------2"
  print u"离开查找模块----------------3"
  print "******************************"

  nChoose = raw_input("请输入你的选择")

  if nChoose == "1":
   ID = raw_input("请输入你要输入查找的ID:")
   searchByID( stulist , ID )
  elif nChoose == "2":
   name = raw_input("请输入你要查找的姓名:")
   searchByName( stulist , name )
  elif nChoose == "3":
   return
  else:
   print u"选择输入错误，请重新输入!"

#删除模块
def DeleteMenu( stulist ):
 while True:
  print "*****************************"
  print u"根据学生的学号进行删除------1"
  print u"根据学生的姓名进行删除------2"
  print u"离开删除模块---------------3"
  print "******************************"

  nChoose = raw_input("请进行选择:")

  if nChoose == "1":
   ID = raw_input("请输入你要删除的ID:")
   DeleteByID( stulist , ID )
  elif nChoose == "2":
   name = raw_input("请输入你要删除的姓名:")
   DeleteByName( stulist , name )
  elif nChoose == "3":
   return
  else:
   print u"您的选择有误，请重新输入！"


#菜单
def menu( stulist ):
 while True:
  print "***********************"
  print u"--------菜单------------"
  print u"增加学生信息---------1"
  print u"查找一个学生的信息----2"
  print u"删除一个学生的信息----3"
  print u"输出所有学生的信息----4"
  print u"根据分数排序---------5"
  print u"退出程序-------------6"
  print "------------------------"
  print "************************"

  nChoose = raw_input("请输入你的选择:")

  if nChoose == "1":
   stu = Student()
   stu.name = raw_input("请输入学生的姓名：")

   #匹配学生ID是否满足0--9中的数字
   while True:
    stu.ID = raw_input("请输入学生的ID:")
    #创建编译一个正则表达式的模板
    p = re.compile( '^[0-9]{3}$' )
    if p.match( stu.ID ):
     break
    else:
     print "学生的ID输入错误，正确形式应该为0--9之间的三位数字!"

   #匹配学生的分数是否满足0--100之间
   while True:
    stu.score = eval( raw_input("请输入学生的分数：") )
    #利用普通的符号来判断分数是否符合标准
    #if stu.score >= 0 and stu.score <= 100:
    # break
    #利用正则表达式来判断分数是否符合标准
    if re.match( "^[0-9]" ,str(stu.score) ) and stu.score<=100 and    stu.score >= 0 :
     break
    else:
     print u"分数不满足实际情况，应该为0--100之间的数字!"

   if Add( stulist , stu ) == 1:
    print u"学生信息增加成功!"
   else:
    print u"学生信息增加失败!"
  elif nChoose == "2":
   QueryMenu( stulist )
  elif nChoose == "3":
   DeleteMenu( stulist )
  elif nChoose == "4":
   PrintAllStudentInfo( stulist )
  elif nChoose == "5":
   BuddleSortByScore( stulist )

   print "Do you want to save the sorted result?"
   choose = raw_input("please input your choice:Y/N:")
   if choose == 'Y' or choose == 'y':
    file_object = open("students.txt","w+")
    for stu2 in stulist:
     file_object.write(stu2.ID)
     file_object.write(" ")
     file_object.write(stu2.name)
     file_object.write(" ")
     file_object.write(str(stu2.score))
     file_object.write("\r\n")
  elif nChoose == "6":
   return
  else:
   print u"输入有误，请重新输入！"

#测试函数部分
if __name__ == '__main__':
 #定义一个列表用来存储所有学生的信息
 stulist = []

 #初始化，从文件中读取信息
 Init( stulist )

 #菜单函数
 menu( stulist )

运行需要读写文件Students.txt。文件格式如下图：

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。

原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/junbopengpeng/article/details/18234083