grid()函数概述
grid()
函数用于设置绘图区网格线。grid()
的函数签名为matplotlib.pyplot.grid(b=None, which="major", axis="both", **kwargs)
。grid()
的参数如下:
-
b
:是否显示网格线。布尔值或None
,可选参数。如果没有关键字参数,则b
为True
,如果b
为None
且没有关键字参数,相当于切换网格线的可见性。 -
which
:网格线显示的尺度。字符串,可选参数,取值范围为{"major", "minor", "both"}
,默认为"both"
。"major"
为主刻度、"minor"
为次刻度。 -
axis
:选择网格线显示的轴。字符串,可选参数,取值范围为{"both", "x", "y"},默认为
"both"`。 -
**kwargs
:Line2D
线条对象属性。
grid()
的返回值为None
。
grid()函数演示
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt plt.subplot(341) # grid()默认样式 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid() plt.annotate("grid()", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(342) # 因为默认没有网格线,所以grid(None)显示网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(None) plt.annotate("grid(None)", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(343) # 因为设置了网格线,所以grid(None)切换为不显示网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(True) plt.grid(None) plt.annotate("grid(None)", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(344) # 因为默认没有网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.annotate("default", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(345) # 只显示主刻度网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(which="major") plt.annotate("which="major"", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(346) # 只显示次刻度网格线,因为没有次刻度,所以无网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(which="minor") plt.annotate("which="minor"", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(347) # 同时显示主刻度、次刻度网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(which="both") plt.annotate("which="both"", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(348) plt.plot([1, 1]) # 默认同时显示主刻度、次刻度网格线 plt.grid() plt.annotate("default", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(349) # 只显示x轴网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(axis="x") plt.annotate("axis="x"", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(3,4,10) # 只显示y轴网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(axis="y") plt.annotate("axis="y"", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(3,4,11) # 同时显示xy轴网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid(axis="both") plt.annotate("axis="both"", (0, 1)) plt.subplot(3,4,12) # 默认显示xy轴网格线 plt.plot([1, 1]) plt.grid() plt.annotate("default", (0, 1)) plt.show()
原理
pyplot.grid()
其实调用的是gca().grid()
,即Aexs.grid()
。
底层相关函数有:Axis.grid()
Axes.grid()
源码(matplotlib/Axes/_base.py
)
def grid(self, b=None, which="major", axis="both", **kwargs): cbook._check_in_list(["x", "y", "both"], axis=axis) if axis in ["x", "both"]: self.xaxis.grid(b, which=which, **kwargs) if axis in ["y", "both"]: self.yaxis.grid(b, which=which, **kwargs)
xaxis
为XAxis
类的实例,yaxis
为YAxis
类的实例,XAxis
和YAxis
类的基类为Axis
。
Axis.grid()
源码(matplotlib/axis.py
)
def grid(self, b=None, which="major", **kwargs): if b is not None: if "visible" in kwargs and bool(b) != bool(kwargs["visible"]): raise ValueError( ""b" and "visible" specify inconsistent grid visibilities") if kwargs and not b: # something false-like but not None cbook._warn_external("First parameter to grid() is false, " "but line properties are supplied. The " "grid will be enabled.") b = True which = which.lower() cbook._check_in_list(["major", "minor", "both"], which=which) gridkw = {"grid_" + item[0]: item[1] for item in kwargs.items()} if "grid_visible" in gridkw: forced_visibility = True gridkw["gridOn"] = gridkw.pop("grid_visible") else: forced_visibility = False if which in ["minor", "both"]: if b is None and not forced_visibility: gridkw["gridOn"] = not self._minor_tick_kw["gridOn"] elif b is not None: gridkw["gridOn"] = b self.set_tick_params(which="minor", **gridkw) if which in ["major", "both"]: if b is None and not forced_visibility: gridkw["gridOn"] = not self._major_tick_kw["gridOn"] elif b is not None: gridkw["gridOn"] = b self.set_tick_params(which="major", **gridkw) self.stale = True
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/mighty13/article/details/113854397