JAVA微信公众号开发之二维码的创建与获取

时间：2022-11-16 22:10:31

微信文档说明

两种二维码：

1、临时二维码，是有过期时间的，最长可以设置为在二维码生成后的30天（即2592000秒）后过期，但能够生成较多数量。临时二维码主要用于帐号绑定等不要求二维码永久保存的业务场景
2、永久二维码，是无过期时间的，但数量较少（目前为最多10万个）。永久二维码主要用于适用于帐号绑定、用户来源统计等场景。

用户扫描带场景值二维码时，可能推送以下两种事件：

如果用户还未关注公众号，则用户可以关注公众号，关注后微信会将带场景值关注事件推送给开发者。

如果用户已经关注公众号，在用户扫描后会自动进入会话，微信也会将带场景值扫描事件推送给开发者。

获取带参数的二维码的过程包括两步，首先创建二维码ticket，然后凭借ticket到指定URL换取二维码。


import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TreeMap;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.liaofang.mapper.AccessTokenMapper;
import com.liaofang.po.AccessTokenPO;
import com.liaofang.po.WeiXinResult;
import com.liaofang.service.AccessTokenServiceImp;
import com.liaofang.util.ConfigUtil;
import com.liaofang.util.GetMapSign;
import com.liaofang.util.HttpRequestUtil;
import com.liaofang.util.SignUtil;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

@Service


public class WxQRCodeServiceImp implements WxQRCodeService {
@Autowired
private AccessTokenMapper atMapper;
/**
 * 创建临时二维码
 * @MethodName：createTempTicket
 *@author:maliran
 *@ReturnType:String
 *@param accessToken
 *@param expireSeconds
 *@param sceneId
 *@return
 * @throws Exception 
 */
public String createTempTicket(String expireSeconds, int sceneId) throws Exception {   



Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
AccessTokenPO atPO = new AccessTokenPO();
List<AccessTokenPO> list = new ArrayList<AccessTokenPO>();
String accessToken = "";
String jsapi_ticket="";
String ticket="";
list = atMapper.selectToken();
System.out.println(list.size());

if(list.size()!=0){
System.out.println(list.get(0));
    if((new Date().getTime()/1000-list.get(0).getCurrentTime().getTime()/1000)>6000){
    //access_token过期
    map = GetMapSign.getTicket();
    accessToken = map.get("access_token");
    atPO.setAccess_token(accessToken);
    atPO.setCurrentTime(new Date());
    atPO.setExpires_in(Integer.parseInt(map.get("expires_in")));
    jsapi_ticket=map.get("ticket");
    atPO.setTicket(jsapi_ticket);
    atMapper.updateToken(atPO);
     }
    else{
    list = atMapper.selectToken();
    jsapi_ticket=list.get(0).getTicket();
    accessToken = list.get(0).getAccess_token();
    }
}else{
map = GetMapSign.getTicket();
accessToken = map.get("access_token");
    atPO.setAccess_token(accessToken);
    atPO.setCurrentTime(new Date());
    atPO.setExpires_in(Integer.parseInt(map.get("expires_in")));
    jsapi_ticket=map.get("ticket");
    atPO.setTicket(jsapi_ticket);
    atMapper.insertToken(atPO);
}
    TreeMap<String,String> params = new TreeMap<String,String>();  
    params.put("access_token", accessToken);  
    Map<String,Integer> intMap = new HashMap<String,Integer>();  
    intMap.put("scene_id",sceneId);  
    Map<String,Map<String,Integer>> mapMap = new HashMap<String,Map<String,Integer>>();  
    mapMap.put("scene", intMap);  
    //  
    Map<String,Object> paramsMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();  
    paramsMap.put("expire_seconds", expireSeconds);  
    paramsMap.put("action_name", ConfigUtil.QR_SCENE);  
    paramsMap.put("action_info", mapMap);  
    String data = JSONObject.fromObject(paramsMap).toString();  
    JSONObject jsonObject = SignUtil.doPostStr(ConfigUtil.CREATE_TICKET_PATH, data);

    if(jsonObject!=null){
    ticket = jsonObject.optString("ticket");
    }
    return ticket;

}   
/** 
 * 创建永久二维码(数字) 
 * @param accessToken 
 * @param sceneId 场景Id 
 * @return 
 * @throws Exception 
 */  
public String createForeverTicket(int sceneId) throws Exception {  

Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
AccessTokenPO atPO = new AccessTokenPO();
List<AccessTokenPO> list = new ArrayList<AccessTokenPO>();
String accessToken = "";
String jsapi_ticket="";
String ticket="";
list = atMapper.selectToken();
System.out.println(list.size());

if(list.size()!=0){
System.out.println(list.get(0));
    if((new Date().getTime()/1000-list.get(0).getCurrentTime().getTime()/1000)>6000){
    //access_token过期
    map = GetMapSign.getTicket();
    accessToken = map.get("access_token");
    atPO.setAccess_token(accessToken);
    atPO.setCurrentTime(new Date());
    atPO.setExpires_in(Integer.parseInt(map.get("expires_in")));
    jsapi_ticket=map.get("ticket");
    atPO.setTicket(jsapi_ticket);
    atMapper.updateToken(atPO);
     }
    else{
    list =atMapper.selectToken();
    jsapi_ticket=list.get(0).getTicket();
    accessToken = list.get(0).getAccess_token();
    }
}else{
map = GetMapSign.getTicket();
accessToken = map.get("access_token");
    atPO.setAccess_token(accessToken);
    atPO.setCurrentTime(new Date());
    atPO.setExpires_in(Integer.parseInt(map.get("expires_in")));
    jsapi_ticket=map.get("ticket");
    atPO.setTicket(jsapi_ticket);
    atMapper.insertToken(atPO);
}
    TreeMap<String,String> params = new TreeMap<String,String>();  
    params.put("access_token", accessToken);  
    Map<String,Integer> intMap = new HashMap<String,Integer>();  
    intMap.put("scene_id",sceneId);  
    Map<String,Map<String,Integer>> mapMap = new HashMap<String,Map<String,Integer>>();  
    mapMap.put("scene", intMap);  
    Map<String,Object> paramsMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();    
    paramsMap.put("action_name", ConfigUtil.QR_LIMIT_SCENE);  
    paramsMap.put("action_info", mapMap); 
    String data =JSONObject.fromObject(paramsMap).toString();  
    JSONObject jsonObject = SignUtil.doPostStr(ConfigUtil.CREATE_TICKET_PATH, data);

    if(jsonObject!=null){
    ticket = jsonObject.optString("ticket");
    }
    return ticket;

}  

/** 
 * 创建永久二维码(字符串) 
 *  
 * @param accessToken 
 * @param sceneStr 场景str 
 * @return 
 * @throws Exception 
 */  
public String createForeverStrTicket(String sceneStr) throws Exception{        

Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
AccessTokenPO atPO = new AccessTokenPO();
List<AccessTokenPO> list = new ArrayList<AccessTokenPO>();
String accessToken = "";
String jsapi_ticket="";
String ticket="";
list = atMapper.selectToken();
System.out.println(list.size());

if(list.size()!=0){
System.out.println(list.get(0));
    if((new Date().getTime()/1000-list.get(0).getCurrentTime().getTime()/1000)>6000){
    //access_token过期
    map = GetMapSign.getTicket();
    accessToken = map.get("access_token");
    atPO.setAccess_token(accessToken);
    atPO.setCurrentTime(new Date());
    atPO.setExpires_in(Integer.parseInt(map.get("expires_in")));
    jsapi_ticket=map.get("ticket");
    atPO.setTicket(jsapi_ticket);
    atMapper.updateToken(atPO);
     }
    else{
    list = atMapper.selectToken();
    jsapi_ticket=list.get(0).getTicket();
    accessToken = list.get(0).getAccess_token();
    }
}else{
map = GetMapSign.getTicket();
accessToken = map.get("access_token");
    atPO.setAccess_token(accessToken);
    atPO.setCurrentTime(new Date());
    atPO.setExpires_in(Integer.parseInt(map.get("expires_in")));
    jsapi_ticket=map.get("ticket");
    atPO.setTicket(jsapi_ticket);
    atMapper.insertToken(atPO);
}
    TreeMap<String,String> params = new TreeMap<String,String>();  
    params.put("access_token", accessToken); 
    String url = ConfigUtil.CREATE_TICKET_PATH.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken);
    Map<String,String> intMap = new HashMap<String,String>();  
    intMap.put("scene_str",sceneStr);  
    Map<String,Map<String,String>> mapMap = new HashMap<String,Map<String,String>>();  
    mapMap.put("scene", intMap);  
    Map<String,Object> paramsMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();    
    paramsMap.put("action_name", ConfigUtil.QR_LIMIT_STR_SCENE);  
    paramsMap.put("action_info", mapMap); 
    String data =JSONObject.fromObject(paramsMap).toString();  
    JSONObject jsonObject = SignUtil.doPostStr(url, data);

    if(jsonObject!=null){
    ticket = jsonObject.optString("ticket");
    }
    return ticket;

}  

/** 
 * 获取二维码ticket后，通过ticket换取二维码图片展示 
 * @param ticket 
 * @return 
 */  
public String showQrcode(String ticket){  
    Stringshowqrcode_path = "";
Map<String,String> params = new TreeMap<String,String>();  
    params.put("ticket", HttpRequestUtil.urlEncode(ticket, HttpRequestUtil.DEFAULT_CHARSET));  
    try {  
        showqrcode_path = HttpRequestUtil.setParmas(params,ConfigUtil.SHOWCODE_PATH,"");  
    } catch (Exception e) {  
        e.printStackTrace();  
    }  
    return showqrcode_path;  
}  

/** 
 * 获取二维码ticket后，通过ticket换取二维码图片 
 * @param ticket 
 * @param savePath  保存的路径,例如 F:\\test\test.jpg 
 * @return      Result.success = true 表示下载图片下载成功 
 */  
public WeiXinResult showQrcode(String ticket,String savePath) throws Exception{  
    TreeMap<String,String> params = new TreeMap<String,String>();  
    params.put("ticket", HttpRequestUtil.urlEncode(ticket, HttpRequestUtil.DEFAULT_CHARSET));  
    WeiXinResult result = HttpRequestUtil.downMeaterMetod(params,HttpRequestUtil.GET_METHOD,ConfigUtil.  
                       SHOWCODE_PATH,savePath);
 return result; } }


import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.io.OutputStream;  
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;  
import java.net.MalformedURLException;  
import java.net.URL;  
import java.net.URLEncoder;  
import java.util.Map;  
import java.util.Map.Entry;  
import java.util.Set;  
import java.util.TreeMap;  

import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;  
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;  
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManager;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;  

import com.liaofang.po.WeiXinResult;  

public class HttpRequestUtil {  

    //private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpRequestUtil.class);  

    public static final String GET_METHOD = "GET";  

    public static final String POST_METHOD = "POST";  

    public static final String DEFAULT_CHARSET = "utf-8";  

    private static int DEFAULT_CONNTIME = 5000;  

    private static int DEFAULT_READTIME = 5000;  
    // 获取access_token的路径  
    private static String token_path = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token";  

    /** 
     * http请求 
     *  
     * @param method 
     *            请求方法GET/POST 
     * @param path 
     *            请求路径 
     * @param timeout 
     *            连接超时时间 默认为5000 
     * @param readTimeout 
     *            读取超时时间 默认为5000 
     * @param data  数据 
     * @return 
     */  
    public static String defaultConnection(String method, String path, int timeout, int readTimeout, String data)  
            throws Exception {  
        String result = "";  
        URL url = new URL(path);  
        if (url != null) {  
            HttpURLConnection conn = getConnection(method, url);  
            conn.setConnectTimeout(timeout == 0 ? DEFAULT_CONNTIME : timeout);  
            conn.setReadTimeout(readTimeout == 0 ? DEFAULT_READTIME : readTimeout);  
            if (data != null && !"".equals(data)) {  
                OutputStream output = conn.getOutputStream();  
                output.write(data.getBytes(DEFAULT_CHARSET));  
                output.flush();  
                output.close();  
            }  
            if (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {  
                InputStream input = conn.getInputStream();  
                result = inputToStr(input);  
                input.close();  
                conn.disconnect();  
            }  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  

    /** 
     * 根据url的协议选择对应的请求方式 例如 http://www.baidu.com 则使用http请求,https://www.baidu.com 
     * 则使用https请求 
     *  
     * @param method 
     *            请求的方法 
     * @return 
     * @throws IOException 
     */  
    private static HttpURLConnection getConnection(String method, URL url) throws IOException {  
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;  
        if ("https".equals(url.getProtocol())) {  
            SSLContext context = null;  
            try {  
                context = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");  
                context.init(new KeyManager[0], new TrustManager[] { new MyX509TrustManager() }, 
                        new java.security.SecureRandom());              } catch (Exception e) {                  throw new IOException(e);              }              HttpsURLConnection connHttps = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();              connHttps.setSSLSocketFactory(context.getSocketFactory());              connHttps.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {                    @Override                  public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {                      return true;                  }              });              conn = connHttps;          } else {              conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();          }          conn.setRequestMethod(method);          conn.setUseCaches(false);          conn.setDoInput(true);          conn.setDoOutput(true);          return conn;      }        /**      * 将输入流转换为字符串      *       * @param input      *            输入流      * @return 转换后的字符串      */      public static String inputToStr(InputStream input) {          String result = "";          if (input != null) {              byte[] array = new byte[1024];              StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();              try {                  for (int index; (index = (input.read(array))) > -1;) {                      buffer.append(new String(array, 0, index, DEFAULT_CHARSET));                  }                  result = buffer.toString();              } catch (IOException e) {                  e.printStackTrace();                  result = "";              }          }          return result;      }        /**      * 设置参数      *       * @param map      *            参数map      * @param path      *            需要赋值的path      * @param charset      *            编码格式 默认编码为utf-8(取消默认)      * @return 已经赋值好的url 只需要访问即可      */      public static String setParmas(Map<String, String> map, String path, String charset) throws Exception {          String result = "";          boolean hasParams = false;          if (path != null && !"".equals(path)) {              if (map != null && map.size() > 0) {                  StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();                  Set<Entry<String, String>> params = map.entrySet();                  for (Entry<String, String> entry : params) {                      String key = entry.getKey().trim();                      String value = entry.getValue().trim();                      if (hasParams) {                          builder.append("&");                      } else {                          hasParams = true;                      }                      if(charset != null && !"".equals(charset)){                          //builder.append(key).append("=").append(URLDecoder.(value, charset));                            builder.append(key).append("=").append(urlEncode(value, charset));                      }else{                          builder.append(key).append("=").append(value);                      }                  }                  result = builder.toString();              }          }          return doUrlPath(path, result).toString();      }        /**      * 设置连接参数      *       * @param path      *            路径      * @return      */      private static URL doUrlPath(String path, String query) throws Exception {          URL url = new URL(path);          if (org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils.isEmpty(path)) {              return url;          }          if (org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils.isEmpty(url.getQuery())) {              if (path.endsWith("?")) {                  path += query;              } else {                  path = path + "?" + query;              }          } else {              if (path.endsWith("&")) {                  path += query;              } else {                  path = path + "&" + query;              }          }          return new URL(path);      }        /**      * 默认的http请求执行方法,返回      *       * @param method      *            请求的方法 POST/GET      * @param path      *            请求path 路径      * @param map      *            请求参数集合      * @param data      *            输入的数据 允许为空      * @return      */      public static String HttpDefaultExecute(String method, String path, Map<String, String> map, String data) {          String result = "";          try {              String url = setParmas((TreeMap<String, String>) map, path, "");              result = defaultConnection(method, url, DEFAULT_CONNTIME, DEFAULT_READTIME, data);          } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }          return result;      }        /**      * 默认的https执行方法,返回      *       * @param method      *            请求的方法 POST/GET      * @param path      *            请求path 路径      * @param map      *            请求参数集合      * @param data      *            输入的数据 允许为空      * @return      */      public static String HttpsDefaultExecute(String method, String path, Map<String, String> map, String data) {          String result = "";          try {              String url = setParmas((TreeMap<String, String>) map, path, "");              result = defaultConnection(method, url, DEFAULT_CONNTIME, DEFAULT_READTIME, data);          } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }          return result;      }          /**      * 默认的下载素材方法      *       * @param method  http方法 POST/GET      * @param apiPath api路径      * @param savePath 素材需要保存的路径      * @return 是否下载成功 Reuslt.success==true 表示下载成功      */      public static WeiXinResult downMeaterMetod(TreeMap<String, String> params, String method, String apiPath, String savePath) {          WeiXinResult result = new WeiXinResult();          try {              apiPath = setParmas(params, apiPath, "");              URL url = new URL(apiPath);              HttpURLConnection conn = getConnection(method, url);              if (conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {                  String contentType = conn.getContentType();                  result = ContentType(contentType, conn, savePath);              } else {                  result.setObj(conn.getResponseCode() + " " + conn.getResponseMessage());              }          } catch (MalformedURLException e) {              e.printStackTrace();          } catch (IOException e) {              e.printStackTrace();          } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }          return result;      }        /**      * 根据返回的头信息返回具体信息      *       * @param contentType      *            ContentType请求头信息      * @return Result.type==1 表示文本消息,      */      private static WeiXinResult ContentType(String contentType, HttpURLConnection conn, String savePath) {          WeiXinResult result = new WeiXinResult();          try {              if (conn != null) {                  InputStream input = conn.getInputStream();                  if (contentType.equals("image/gif")) { // gif图片                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "gif");                  } else if (contentType.equals("image/jpeg")) { // jpg图片                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "jpg");                  } else if (contentType.equals("image/jpg")) { // jpg图片                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "jpg");                  } else if (contentType.equals("image/png")) { // png图片                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "png");                  } else if (contentType.equals("image/bmp")) { // bmp图片                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "bmp");                  } else if (contentType.equals("audio/x-wav")) { // wav语音                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "wav");                  } else if (contentType.equals("audio/x-ms-wma")) { // wma语言                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "wma");                  } else if (contentType.equals("audio/mpeg")) { // mp3语言                      result = InputStreamToMedia(input, savePath, "mp3");                  } else if (contentType.equals("text/plain")) { // 文本信息                      String str = inputToStr(input);                      result.setObj(str);                  } else if (contentType.equals("application/json")) { // 返回json格式的数据                      String str = inputToStr(input);                      result.setObj(str);                  } else { // 此处有问题                      String str = inputToStr(input);                      result.setObj(str);                  }              } else {                  result.setObj("conn is null!");              }          } catch (Exception ex) {              ex.printStackTrace();          }          return result;      }        /**      * 将字符流转换为图片文件      *       * @param input 字符流      * @param savePath 图片需要保存的路径      * @param 类型 jpg/png等      * @return      */      private static WeiXinResult InputStreamToMedia(InputStream input, String savePath, String type) {          WeiXinResult result = new WeiXinResult();          try {              File file = null;              file = new File(savePath);              String paramPath = file.getParent(); // 路径              String fileName = file.getName(); //              String newName = fileName.substring(0, fileName.lastIndexOf(".")) + "." + type;// 根据实际返回的文件类型后缀              savePath = paramPath + "\\" + newName;              if (!file.exists()) {                  File dirFile = new File(paramPath);                  dirFile.mkdirs();              }              file = new File(savePath);              FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(file);              int len = 0;              byte[] array = new byte[1024];              while ((len = input.read(array)) != -1) {                  output.write(array, 0, len);              }              output.flush();              output.close();              result.setSuccess(true);              result.setObj("save success!");          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {              e.printStackTrace();              result.setSuccess(false);              result.setObj(e.getMessage());          } catch (IOException e) {              e.printStackTrace();              result.setSuccess(false);              result.setObj(e.getMessage());          }          return result;      }        public static String urlEncode(String source, String encode) {          String result = source;          try {              result = URLEncoder.encode(source, encode);          } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }          return result;      }  }  

/**
 * post请求
 */
public static JSONObject doPostStr(String url,String outStr){

DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
String result="";
try {
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(outStr,"utf-8"));
HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"utf-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
} 
jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
return jsonObject;
}




 
 


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