MYSQL的profiling功能要在Mysql版本5.0.37以上才能使用。
查看profile是否开启
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mysql> show variables like '%profil%';
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+------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------+
| profiling | OFF | --开启SQL语句剖析功能
| profiling_history_size | 15 | --设置保留profiling的数目，缺省为15，范围为0至100，为0时将禁用profiling
+------------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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基于会话级别开启
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mysql> set profiling = 1; --关闭则用set profiling = off
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Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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mysql> select distinct d.account,a.server_id from tab_appserver_user a
-> inner join tab_department_parent b on a.key_id = b.parent_id
-> inner join tab_department_member c on b.department_id = c.department_id and c.state=1
-> and c.isdefault=1 inner join tab_user_info d on c.user_id = d.user_id and d.state=1
-> where a.type=1
-> union -> select distinct b.account,a.server_id from tab_appserver_user a
-> inner join tab_user_info b on a.key_id = b.user_id and b.state=1
-> where a.type=0;
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查看是否设置生效：
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select @@profiling;
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默认是0，设置成功是1
运行SQL语句：
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mysql> select * FROM hx_line WHERE id = '1455023';
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查看profiles
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mysql> show profiles;
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+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------+
| Query_ID | Duration | Query |
+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------+
| 1 | 0.00036150 | select * FROM hx_line WHERE id = '1455023' |
+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------+
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查看具体某条的profile
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mysql> show profile FOR QUERY 1;
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+--------------------------------+----------+
| Status | Duration |
+--------------------------------+----------+
| starting | 0.000013 |
| Waiting for query cache lock | 0.000014 |
| checking query cache for query | 0.000038 |
| checking permissions | 0.000006 |
| Opening tables | 0.000013 |
| System lock | 0.000009 |
| Waiting for query cache lock | 0.000024 |
| init | 0.000060 |
| optimizing | 0.000014 |
| statistics | 0.000046 |
| preparing | 0.000017 |
| executing | 0.000004 |
| Sending data | 0.000081 |
| end | 0.000005 |
| query end | 0.000004 |
| closing tables | 0.000008 |
| freeing items | 0.000009 |
| Waiting for query cache lock | 0.000003 |
| freeing items | 0.000013 |
| Waiting for query cache lock | 0.000003 |
| freeing items | 0.000003 |
| storing result in query cache | 0.000005 |
| logging slow query | 0.000003 |
| cleaning up | 0.000004 |
+--------------------------------+----------+
24 rows
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我们看到了一个简单的查询，MYSQL内部做了24次操作。
另外，看到了一堆query cache的操作，试着把query_cache_size=0，把query_cache关闭，再次测试：
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mysql> show profile FOR QUERY 1;
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+----------------------+----------+
| Status | Duration |
+----------------------+----------+
| starting | 0.000040 |
| checking permissions | 0.000007 |
| Opening tables | 0.000015 |
| System lock | 0.000010 |
| init | 0.000061 |
| optimizing | 0.000013 |
| statistics | 0.000059 |
| preparing | 0.000018 |
| executing | 0.000004 |
| Sending data | 0.000092 |
| end | 0.000006 |
| query end | 0.000004 |
| closing tables | 0.000008 |
| freeing items | 0.000020 |
| logging slow query | 0.000003 |
| cleaning up | 0.000004 |
+----------------------+----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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当开启了query_cache的情况下，需要多操作6次，在这个示例里面多化了0.000087s。
查询这条语句对CPU的使用情况：
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mysql> show profile cpu FOR QUERY 1;
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+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+
| starting | 0.000037 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| checking permissions | 0.000009 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| Opening tables | 0.000014 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| System lock | 0.000009 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| init | 0.000059 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| optimizing | 0.000009 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| statistics | 0.000044 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| preparing | 0.000015 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| executing | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| Sending data | 0.000081 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| end | 0.000006 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| query end | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| closing tables | 0.000008 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| freeing items | 0.000021 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| logging slow query | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
| cleaning up | 0.000004 | 0.000000 | 0.000000 |
+----------------------+----------+----------+------------+
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查看io及cpu的消耗
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mysql> show profile block io,cpu for query 1;
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+--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out |
+--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
| starting | 0.000018 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| checking query cache for query | 0.000099 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Opening tables | 0.000963 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| System lock | 0.000015 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Table lock | 0.000169 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| optimizing | 0.000020 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| statistics | 0.000027 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| preparing | 0.000018 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Creating tmp table | 0.000055 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| executing | 0.000003 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Copying to tmp table | 0.704845 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Sending data | 0.130039 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| optimizing | 0.000029 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| statistics | 0.000029 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| preparing | 0.000020 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Creating tmp table | 0.000142 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| executing | 0.000003 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Copying to tmp table | 0.000086 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Sending data | 0.000067 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| optimizing | 0.000004 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| statistics | 0.000005 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| preparing | 0.000005 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| executing | 0.000002 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Sending data | 0.023963 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| removing tmp table | 0.003420 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Sending data | 0.000005 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| removing tmp table | 0.003308 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Sending data | 0.000006 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| removing tmp table | 0.000007 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| Sending data | 0.000009 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| query end | 0.000003 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| freeing items | 0.000144 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| storing result in query cache | 0.000011 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| logging slow query | 0.000003 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
| cleaning up | 0.000006 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |
+--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+
35 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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使用查询语句对消耗进行排序
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mysql> SELECT STATE, SUM(DURATION) AS Total_R,ROUND( 100 * SUM(DURATION) / (SE
CT SUM(DURATION)
-> FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROFILING WHERE QUERY_ID = 1), 2) AS Pct_R, CO
T(*) AS Calls,SUM(DURATION) / COUNT(*) AS "R/Call"
-> FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROFILING WHERE QUERY_ID = 1 GROUP BY STATE O
ER BY Total_R DESC;
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+--------------------------------+----------+-------+-------+--------------+
| STATE | Total_R | Pct_R | Calls | R/Call |
+--------------------------------+----------+-------+-------+--------------+
| Copying to tmp table | 0.704931 | 81.26 | 2 | 0.3524655000 |
| Sending data | 0.154089 | 17.76 | 6 | 0.0256815000 |
| removing tmp table | 0.006735 | 0.78 | 3 | 0.0022450000 |
| Opening tables | 0.000963 | 0.11 | 1 | 0.0009630000 |
| Creating tmp table | 0.000197 | 0.02 | 2 | 0.0000985000 |
| Table lock | 0.000169 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.0001690000 |
| freeing items | 0.000144 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.0001440000 |
| checking query cache for query | 0.000099 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.0000990000 |
| statistics | 0.000061 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.0000203333 |
| optimizing | 0.000053 | 0.01 | 3 | 0.0000176667 |
| preparing | 0.000043 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.0000143333 |
| starting | 0.000018 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.0000180000 |
| System lock | 0.000015 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.0000150000 |
| storing result in query cache | 0.000011 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.0000110000 |
| executing | 0.000008 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.0000026667 |
| cleaning up | 0.000006 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.0000060000 |
| logging slow query | 0.000003 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.0000030000 |
| query end | 0.000003 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.0000030000 |
+--------------------------------+----------+-------+-------+--------------+
18 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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show profile额外一些命令：
* ALL - displays all information
* BLOCK IO - displays counts for block input and output Operations
* CONTEXT SWITCHES - displays counts for voluntary and involuntary context switches
* ipC - displays counts for messages sent and received
* MEMORY - is not currently implemented
* PAGE FAULTS - displays counts for major and minor page faults
* SOURCE - displays the names of functions from the source code, together with the name and line number of the file in which the function occurs
* SWAPS - displays swap counts
最后说明：profile是一个非常量化的子标，可以根据这些量化指标来比较各项资源的消耗，有利于我们对该语句的整体把控！