spring框架应用系列三:切面编程(带参数)

时间:2023-12-17 18:15:44

切面编程(带参数)

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解决问题

1、分离业务监控与业务处理。简单点说,让开发人员更专注业务逻辑开发,类似于打印日志、统计时间、监控等等独立成一个单独的类,在需要的时候,动态的将代码切入到类的指定方法上,使方法拥有更强大的功能;

2、解决代码重复性,降低代码复杂程度;

内容说明

1、通过@Component注解,扫描(Magician)bean并注册到spring容器中时,需在XML配置文件中引入 <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.example.aspectArgs"/>;

2、明确切面、切点、通知概念,这里切面是Magician,切点是Volunteer的thinkOfSomething方法,通知是Magician中所包含方法,由xml或注解配置,下面会分别给出示例;

3、通过执行Volunteer的thinkOfSomething方法,从而执行Magician中相应的方法,达到通知的效果;

应用实例:截听志愿者内心真实想法

先列出相关接口以及类代码

切面实现接口MindReader(读心者)

package com.spring.example.aspectAspectJArgs;

//读心者
public interface MindReader {
void interceptThoughts(String thoughts);
void getConclusion(String thoughts);
}

切点类志愿者实现接口Thinker

package com.spring.example.aspectAspectJArgs;

/**
* 读心者赋予一个他需要截听内心感应的志愿者
*/
public interface Thinker {
void thinkOfSomething(String thoughts);
}

志愿者实体类Volunteer

package com.spring.example.aspectAspectJArgs;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
* Created by weixw on 2017/10/24.
*/
@Component
public class Volunteer implements Thinker { private String thoughts;
@Override
public void thinkOfSomething(String thoughts) {
this.thoughts = thoughts; } }

以下有两种方式实现此实例的切面编程:一、通过XML配置文件,二、AspectJ注解方式

其他代码都相同,不同处在spring 的xml配置文件以及切面类文件

一、通过XML配置文件:

切面(读心者)实体类

package com.spring.example.aspectArgs;

/**
* Created by weixw on 2017/10/24.
*/ import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /**
* 截听志愿者的内心感应和显示他们在想什么
*/
@Component
public class Magician implements MindReader { @Override
public void interceptThoughts(String thoughts) {
System.out.println("Intercepting volunteer's thoughts :" +thoughts);
} @Override
public void getConclusion(String thoughts) {
System.out.println("For your thoughts :" +thoughts);
System.out.println("I think you are right.");
} }

spring 配置文件 aspect-args.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.example.aspectArgs"/> <aop:config>
<!--通过component-scan自动扫描,@Component注解将Magician注册到spring容器-->
<aop:aspect ref="magician">
<aop:pointcut id="thinking" expression="execution(* com.spring.example.aspectArgs.Thinker.thinkOfSomething(String))
and args(thoughts)"/>
<aop:before pointcut-ref="thinking" method="interceptThoughts" arg-names="thoughts"/>
<aop:after pointcut-ref="thinking" method="getConclusion" arg-names="thoughts"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>

二 、AspectJ注解方式

切面(读心者)实体类

package com.spring.example.aspectAspectJArgs;

/**
* Created by weixw on 2017/10/24.
*/ import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /**
* 截听志愿者的内心感应和显示他们在想什么
*/
@Component
@Aspect
public class Magician implements MindReader { @Pointcut("execution(* com.spring.example.aspectAspectJArgs.Thinker.thinkOfSomething(String)) " +
"&& args(thoughts)") //定义切点
public void thinkOfSomething(String thoughts){}
@Before("thinkOfSomething(thoughts)")
@Override
public void interceptThoughts(String thoughts) {
System.out.println("Intercepting volunteer's thoughts :" +thoughts);
}
@AfterReturning("thinkOfSomething(thoughts)")
@Override
public void getConclusion(String thoughts) {
System.out.println("For your thoughts :" +thoughts);
System.out.println("I think you are right.");
} }

spring 配置文件 aspect-aspectJArgs.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.example.aspectAspectJArgs"/>
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/> </beans>

测试代码

注解测试代码如下,配置文件测试代码只需将配置文件名称改成spring/aspect-args.xml即可

package com.spring.example.aspectAspectJArgs;/**
* Created by weixw on 2017/10/19.
*/ import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class Driver extends Application { public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
} @Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
try { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/aspect-aspectJArgs.xml");
Thinker thinker = (Thinker) ctx.getBean("volunteer");
thinker.thinkOfSomething("I'm stupid."); }catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

运行结果

spring框架应用系列三:切面编程(带参数)

总结

上述列出配置文件和注解两种方式都能实现切面编程。但对于自身业务开发,个人觉得注解方式较好,因为在修改某一切面类时不需要多处修改;

本文描述可能有不对或不全之处,欢迎大家吐槽!

不要让懒惰占据你的大脑,不要让妥协拖垮你的人生。青春就是一张票,能不能赶上时代的快车,你的步伐掌握在你的脚下。