浅谈JSP是如何编译成servlet并提供服务的

时间:2022-04-01 04:15:00

概述

服务端对外提供JSP请求服务的是JspServlet,继承自HttpServlet。核心服务入口在service方法,大体流程如下:

  • 首先获取请求的jspUri,如果客户端发起请求:https://xxx.xx.com/jsp/test.jsp,那么获取到的jspUri为:/jsp/test.jsp
  • 然后查看缓存(Map结构)中是否包含该jspUri的JspServletWrapper,如果没有就需要创建一个JspServletWrapper并且缓存起来,并调用JspServletWrapper的service方法
  • 如果为development模式,或者首次请求,那么就需要执行JspCompilationContext.compile() 方法
  • 在JspCompilationContext.compile方法中,会根据jsp文件的lastModified判断文件是否已经被更新(out dated),如果被更新过了,就需要删除之前生成的相关文件,然后将jspLoader置空(后面需要加载的时候如果jspLoader为空,就会创建一个新的jspLoader),调用Compiler.compile方法生成servlet,设置reload为true(默认为true),后面会根据reload参数判断是否需要重新加载该servlet
  • 调用JspServletWrapper.getServlet方法获取最终提供服务的servlet,这个过程会根据reload参数看是否需要重载servlet,如果需要重载,那么就会获取jspLoader实例化一个新的servlet(如果前面发现jsp文件过期,那么此时获取的jspLoader为空,则会创建一个新的jspLoader),并且设置reload为false
  • 调用servlet的service方法提供服务,如果servlet实现了SingleThreadModel接口,那么会用synchronized做同步控制

浅谈JSP是如何编译成servlet并提供服务的

源码分析

首先看JspServlet的核心逻辑,主要是获取jspUri和获取JspServletWrapper,分别是入口service方法和serviceJspFile方法,代码如下(部分):

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/**
 * 获取jspUri,然后调用serviceJspFile方法
 */
public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String jspUri = this.jspFile;
        String pathInfo;
        if (jspUri == null) {
            pathInfo = (String)request.getAttribute(Constants.JSP_FILE);
            if (pathInfo != null) {
                jspUri = pathInfo;
                request.removeAttribute(Constants.JSP_FILE);
            }
        }
 
        if (jspUri == null) {
            jspUri = (String)request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.include.servlet_path");
            if (jspUri != null) {
                pathInfo = (String)request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.include.path_info");
                if (pathInfo != null) {
                    jspUri = jspUri + pathInfo;
                }
            } else {
                jspUri = request.getServletPath();
                pathInfo = request.getPathInfo();
                if (pathInfo != null) {
                    jspUri = jspUri + pathInfo;
                }
            }
        }
 
 
        boolean precompile = this.preCompile(request);
        this.serviceJspFile(request, response, jspUri, precompile);
    }
 
 
/**
 * 主要获取JspServletWrapper,然后调用JspServletWrapper.service方法
 */
private void serviceJspFile(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String jspUri, boolean precompile) throws ServletException, IOException {
        JspServletWrapper wrapper = this.rctxt.getWrapper(jspUri);
        if (wrapper == null) {
            synchronized(this) {
                wrapper = this.rctxt.getWrapper(jspUri);
                if (wrapper == null) {
                    if (null == this.context.getResource(jspUri)) {
                        this.handleMissingResource(request, response, jspUri);
                        return;
                    }
 
                    wrapper = new JspServletWrapper(this.config, this.options, jspUri, this.rctxt);
                    this.rctxt.addWrapper(jspUri, wrapper);
                }
            }
        }
 
        try {
            //核心服务方法
            wrapper.service(request, response, precompile);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException var8) {
            this.handleMissingResource(request, response, jspUri);
        }
 
    }

然后进入JspServletWrapper.service方法(部分代码):

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//注意这个reload是volatile修饰的
private volatile boolean reload = true;
 
public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, boolean precompile) throws ServletException, IOException, FileNotFoundException {
        Servlet servlet;
        try {
            if (this.ctxt.isRemoved()) {
                throw new FileNotFoundException(this.jspUri);
            }
            //判断development模式和firstTime(首次请求)
            if (!this.options.getDevelopment() && !this.firstTime) {
                if (this.compileException != null) {
                    throw this.compileException;
                }
            } else {
                synchronized (this) {
                    this.firstTime = false;
                    //调用JspCompilationContext.compile方法
                    this.ctxt.compile();
                }
            }
            //获取最终提供服务的servlet
            servlet = this.getServlet();
            if (precompile) {
                return;
            }
        }
        try {
            //根据是否实现SingleThreadModel决定是否需要做同步控制
            if (servlet instanceof SingleThreadModel) {
                synchronized (this) {
                    servlet.service(request, response);
                }
            } else {
                servlet.service(request, response);
            }
        }
    }

这里主要看JspCompilationContext.complie方法:

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public void compile() throws JasperException, FileNotFoundException {
        this.createCompiler();
        if (this.jspCompiler.isOutDated()) {
            if (this.isRemoved()) {
                throw new FileNotFoundException(this.jspUri);
            }
            try {
                //清楚文件数据
                this.jspCompiler.removeGeneratedFiles();
                //置空jspLoader,现在置null,后面就会创建一个新的JspLoader
                this.jspLoader = null;
                //根据jsp生成servlet的逻辑,实现主要有AntCompiler和JDTCompiler,默认JDTCompiler
                this.jspCompiler.compile();
                //设置reload为true,后面根据reload参数判断是否需要重新加载
                this.jsw.setReload(true);
                this.jsw.setCompilationException((JasperException) null);
            }
        }
    }

要注意对于isOutDated方法的判断,并不是简单地每次请求都检查jsp文件是否更新,而是有一个间隔时间,如果此次检查更新的时间在上一次检查更新+间隔时间之内,也就是没有超过间隔时间,那么就不会去检查jsp文件的更新。这就是我们说的jsp热更新延时生效,isOutDated是Compiler的方法,如下(部分代码):

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public boolean isOutDated(boolean checkClass) {
    if (this.jsw != null && this.ctxt.getOptions().getModificationTestInterval() > 0) {
        //getModificationTestInterval就是检查最短间隔时间,单位为秒
        if (this.jsw.getLastModificationTest() + (long)(this.ctxt.getOptions().getModificationTestInterval() * 1000) > System.currentTimeMillis()) {
            return false;
        }
 
        this.jsw.setLastModificationTest(System.currentTimeMillis());
    }
 
    Long jspRealLastModified = this.ctxt.getLastModified(this.ctxt.getJspFile());
    if (jspRealLastModified < 0L) {
        return true;
    } else {
        long targetLastModified = 0L;
        File targetFile;
        if (checkClass) {
            targetFile = new File(this.ctxt.getClassFileName());
        } else {
            targetFile = new File(this.ctxt.getServletJavaFileName());
        }
 
        if (!targetFile.exists()) {
            return true;
        } else {
            targetLastModified = targetFile.lastModified();
            if (checkClass && this.jsw != null) {
                this.jsw.setServletClassLastModifiedTime(targetLastModified);
            }
 
            if (targetLastModified != jspRealLastModified) {
                if (this.log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    this.log.debug("Compiler: outdated: " + targetFile + " " + targetLastModified);
                }
 
                return true;
            } else if (this.jsw == null) {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

另外,这里还涉及到JSP的编译工作,编译工作主要由org.apache.jasper.compiler.Compiler编译器负责,Compiler是一个抽象类,apache-jsp中提供了两种实现:AntCompilerJDTCompiler,默认使用的编译器为JDTCompiler。

最后回到JspServletWrapper.getServlet方法:

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private volatile boolean reload = true;
public Servlet getServlet() throws ServletException {
        //reload是被volatile修饰的一个boolean变量
        //这里进行双重检测
        if (this.reload) {
            synchronized (this) {
                if (this.reload) {
                    //需要重载
                    this.destroy();
                    Servlet servlet;
                    try {
                        InstanceManager instanceManager = InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(this.config);
                        //创建一个新的serlvet实例对象,注意这里的getJspLoader方法
                        servlet = (Servlet) instanceManager.newInstance(this.ctxt.getFQCN(), this.ctxt.getJspLoader());
                    } catch (Exception var6) {
                        Throwable t = ExceptionUtils.unwrapInvocationTargetException(var6);
                        ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
                        throw new JasperException(t);
                    }
 
                    servlet.init(this.config);
                    if (!this.firstTime) {
                        this.ctxt.getRuntimeContext().incrementJspReloadCount();
                    }
                    this.theServlet = servlet;
                    this.reload = false;
                }
            }
        }
        return this.theServlet;
    }

可以看到,方法中使用了双重检测机制判断是否需要重载,reload参数由volatile修饰保证可见性。在创建新的servlet实例的时候,classLoader是通过JspCompilationContext.getJspLoader方法获取的,看看这个方法的逻辑:

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public ClassLoader getJspLoader() {
        if (this.jspLoader == null) {
            this.jspLoader = new JasperLoader(new URL[]{this.baseUrl}, this.getClassLoader(), this.rctxt.getPermissionCollection());
        }
 
        return this.jspLoader;
    }

在前面JspCompilationContext.complie的逻辑中,如果检测到jsp文件被更新过(过期),那么jspLoader会被设置为null,此时就会创建一个新的jspLoader(JasperLoader),然后使用新的loader加载新的servlet,以完成jsp的热更新,老的classloader在之后会被GC直接回收。

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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/huangzhilin2015/article/details/114893129