一、一对一关联
1.1、提出需求
根据班级id查询班级信息(带老师的信息)
1.2、创建表和数据
创建一张教师表和班级表,这里我们假设一个老师只负责教一个班,那么老师和班级之间的关系就是一种一对一的关系。
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CREATE TABLE teacher(
t_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
t_name VARCHAR()
);
CREATE TABLE class (
c_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
c_name VARCHAR(),
teacher_id INT
);
ALTER TABLE class ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(t_id);
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES( 'teacher' );
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES( 'teacher' );
INSERT INTO class (c_name, teacher_id) VALUES( 'class_a' , );
INSERT INTO class (c_name, teacher_id) VALUES( 'class_b' , 2 );
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表之间的关系如下:
1.3、定义实体类
1、Teacher类,Teacher类是teacher表对应的实体类。
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package me.gacl.domain;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义teacher表对应的实体类
*/
public class Teacher {
//定义实体类的属性,与teacher表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>t_id
private String name; //name===>t_name
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId( int id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]" ;
}
}
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2、Classes类,Classes类是class表对应的实体类
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package me.gacl.domain;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义class表对应的实体类
*/
public class Classes {
//定义实体类的属性,与class表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>c_id
private String name; //name===>c_name
/**
* class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性,
* 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的
*/
private Teacher teacher;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId( int id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this .teacher = teacher;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher+ "]" ;
}
}
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1.4、定义sql映射文件classMapper.xml
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<?xml version= "." encoding= "UTF-" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper .//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis--mapper.dtd" >
<!-- 为这个mapper指定一个唯一的namespace,namespace的值习惯上设置成包名+sql映射文件名,这样就能够保证namespace的值是唯一的
例如namespace= "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper" 就是me.gacl.mapping(包名)+classMapper(classMapper.xml文件去除后缀)
-->
<mapper namespace= "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper" >
<!--
根据班级id查询班级信息(带老师的信息)
##. 联表查询
SELECT * FROM class c,teacher t WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.c_id=;
##. 执行两次查询
SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=; //teacher_id=
SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=; //使用上面得到的teacher_id
-->
<!--
方式一:嵌套结果:使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集
封装联表查询的数据(去除重复的数据)
select * from class c, teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=
-->
<select id= "getClass" parameterType= "int" resultMap= "ClassResultMap" >
select * from class c, teacher t where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.c_id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段之间的一一对应关系 -->
<resultMap type= "me.gacl.domain.Classes" id= "ClassResultMap" >
<id property= "id" column= "c_id" />
<result property= "name" column= "c_name" />
<association property= "teacher" javaType= "me.gacl.domain.Teacher" >
<id property= "id" column= "t_id" />
<result property= "name" column= "t_name" />
</association>
</resultMap>
<!--
方式二:嵌套查询:通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型
SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=;
SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id= // 是上一个查询得到的teacher_id的值
-->
<select id= "getClass" parameterType= "int" resultMap= "ClassResultMap" >
select * from class where c_id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 使用resultMap映射实体类和字段之间的一一对应关系 -->
<resultMap type= "me.gacl.domain.Classes" id= "ClassResultMap" >
<id property= "id" column= "c_id" />
<result property= "name" column= "c_name" />
<association property= "teacher" column= "teacher_id" select= "getTeacher" />
</resultMap>
<select id= "getTeacher" parameterType= "int" resultType= "me.gacl.domain.Teacher" >
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>
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在conf.xml文件中注册classMapper.xml
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<mappers>
<!-- 注册classMapper.xml文件,
classMapper.xml位于me.gacl.mapping这个包下,所以resource写成me/gacl/mapping/classMapper.xml-->
<mapper resource= "me/gacl/mapping/classMapper.xml" />
</mappers>
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1.5、编写单元测试代码
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package me.gacl.test;
import me.gacl.domain.Classes;
import me.gacl.util.MyBatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
public class Test {
@Test
public void testGetClass(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass" ; //映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,); //查询class表中id为的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(clazz); //打印结果:Classes [id=, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=, name=teacher]]
}
@Test
public void testGetClass(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass" ; //映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,); //查询class表中id为的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
System.out.println(clazz); //打印结果:Classes [id=, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=, name=teacher]]
}
}
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1.6、MyBatis一对一关联查询总结
MyBatis中使用association标签来解决一对一的关联查询,association标签可用的属性如下:
•property:对象属性的名称
•javaType:对象属性的类型
•column:所对应的外键字段名称
•select:使用另一个查询封装的结果
二、一对多关联
2.1、提出需求
根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师
2.2、创建表和数据
在上面的一对一关联查询演示中,我们已经创建了班级表和教师表,因此这里再创建一张学生表
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CREATE TABLE student(
s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
s_name VARCHAR( 20 ),
class_id INT
);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES( 'student_A' , 1 );
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES( 'student_B' , 1 );
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES( 'student_C' , 1 );
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES( 'student_D' , 2 );
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES( 'student_E' , 2 );
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES( 'student_F' , 2 );
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2.3、定义实体类
1、Student类
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package me.gacl.domain;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义student表所对应的实体类
*/
public class Student {
//定义属性,和student表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>s_id
private String name; //name===>s_name
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId( int id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]" ;
}
}
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2、修改Classes类,添加一个List<Student> students属性,使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生,如下:
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package me.gacl.domain;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author gacl
* 定义class表对应的实体类
*/
public class Classes {
//定义实体类的属性,与class表中的字段对应
private int id; //id===>c_id
private String name; //name===>c_name
/**
* class表中有一个teacher_id字段,所以在Classes类中定义一个teacher属性,
* 用于维护teacher和class之间的一对一关系,通过这个teacher属性就可以知道这个班级是由哪个老师负责的
*/
private Teacher teacher;
//使用一个List<Student>集合属性表示班级拥有的学生
private List<Student> students;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId( int id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this .name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this .teacher = teacher;
}
public List<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
this .students = students;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher
+ ", students=" + students + "]" ;
}
}
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2.4、修改sql映射文件classMapper.xml
添加如下的SQL映射信息
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<!--
根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师
-->
<!--
方式一: 嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集
SELECT * FROM class c, teacher t,student s WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.C_id=s.class_id AND c.c_id=
-->
<select id= "getClass" parameterType= "int" resultMap= "ClassResultMap" >
select * from class c, teacher t,student s where c.teacher_id=t.t_id and c.C_id=s.class_id and c.c_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type= "me.gacl.domain.Classes" id= "ClassResultMap" >
<id property= "id" column= "c_id" />
<result property= "name" column= "c_name" />
<association property= "teacher" column= "teacher_id" javaType= "me.gacl.domain.Teacher" >
<id property= "id" column= "t_id" />
<result property= "name" column= "t_name" />
</association>
<!-- ofType指定students集合中的对象类型 -->
<collection property= "students" ofType= "me.gacl.domain.Student" >
<id property= "id" column= "s_id" />
<result property= "name" column= "s_name" />
</collection>
</resultMap>
<!--
方式二:嵌套查询:通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型
SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=;
SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id= // 是上一个查询得到的teacher_id的值
SELECT * FROM student WHERE class_id= //是第一个查询得到的c_id字段的值
-->
<select id= "getClass" parameterType= "int" resultMap= "ClassResultMap" >
select * from class where c_id=#{id}
</select>
<resultMap type= "me.gacl.domain.Classes" id= "ClassResultMap" >
<id property= "id" column= "c_id" />
<result property= "name" column= "c_name" />
<association property= "teacher" column= "teacher_id" javaType= "me.gacl.domain.Teacher" select= "getTeacher" ></association>
<collection property= "students" ofType= "me.gacl.domain.Student" column= "c_id" select= "getStudent" ></collection>
</resultMap>
<select id= "getTeacher" parameterType= "int" resultType= "me.gacl.domain.Teacher" >
SELECT t_id id, t_name name FROM teacher WHERE t_id=#{id}
</select>
<select id= "getStudent" parameterType= "int" resultType= "me.gacl.domain.Student" >
SELECT s_id id, s_name name FROM student WHERE class_id=#{id}
</select>
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2.5、编写单元测试代码
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package me.gacl.test;
import me.gacl.domain.Classes;
import me.gacl.util.MyBatisUtil;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
public class Test {
@Test
public void testGetClass(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass" ; //映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,); //查询class表中id为的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
//打印结果:Classes [id=, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=, name=teacher], students=[Student [id=, name=student_A], Student [id=, name=student_B], Student [id=, name=student_C]]]
System.out.println(clazz);
}
@Test
public void testGetClass(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession();
/**
* 映射sql的标识字符串,
* me.gacl.mapping.classMapper是classMapper.xml文件中mapper标签的namespace属性的值,
* getClass是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
*/
String statement = "me.gacl.mapping.classMapper.getClass" ; //映射sql的标识字符串
//执行查询操作,将查询结果自动封装成Classes对象返回
Classes clazz = sqlSession.selectOne(statement,); //查询class表中id为的记录
//使用SqlSession执行完SQL之后需要关闭SqlSession
sqlSession.close();
//打印结果:Classes [id=, name=class_a, teacher=Teacher [id=, name=teacher], students=[Student [id=, name=student_A], Student [id=, name=student_B], Student [id=, name=student_C]]]
System.out.println(clazz);
}
}
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2.6、MyBatis一对多关联查询总结
MyBatis中使用collection标签来解决一对多的关联查询,ofType属性指定集合中元素的对象类型。
关于MyBatis学习教程(五)-实现关联表查询的相关内容就给大家介绍这么多,希望对大家有所帮助!