一、RestTemplate说明
RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端,RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。前面的博客中http://www.zzvips.com/article/149367.html,已经使用Jersey客户端来实现了消费spring boot的Restful服务,接下来,我们使用RestTemplate来消费前面示例中的Restful服务,前面的示例:
springboot整合H2内存数据库,实现单元测试与数据库无关性
该示例提供的Restful服务如下:http://localhost:7900/user/1
{"id":1,"username":"user1","name":"张三","age":20,"balance":100.00}
二、创建工程
三、工程结构
pom文件依赖如下:
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" >
< modelVersion >4.0.0</ modelVersion >
< groupId >com.chhliu.springboot.restful</ groupId >
< artifactId >springboot-rest-template</ artifactId >
< version >0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</ version >
< packaging >jar</ packaging >
< name >springboot-rest-template</ name >
< description >Demo project for Spring Boot RestTemplate</ description >
< parent >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-parent</ artifactId >
< version >1.4.3.RELEASE</ version >
< relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</ parent >
< properties >
< project.build.sourceEncoding >UTF-8</ project.build.sourceEncoding >
< project.reporting.outputEncoding >UTF-8</ project.reporting.outputEncoding >
< java.version >1.7</ java.version >
</ properties >
< dependencies >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-web</ artifactId >
</ dependency >
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-starter-test</ artifactId >
< scope >test</ scope >
</ dependency >
<!-- 热启动,热部署依赖包,为了调试方便,加入此包 -->
< dependency >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-devtools</ artifactId >
< optional >true</ optional >
</ dependency >
</ dependencies >
< build >
< plugins >
< plugin >
< groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId >
< artifactId >spring-boot-maven-plugin</ artifactId >
</ plugin >
</ plugins >
</ build >
</ project >
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四、加入vo
由于我们使用RestTemplate调用Restful服务后,需要将对应的json串转换成User对象,所以需要将这个类拷贝到该工程中,如下:
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
public class User {
private Long id;
private String username;
private String name;
private Short age;
private BigDecimal balance;
// ……省略getter和setter方法
/**
* attention:
* Details:TODO
* @author chhliu
* 创建时间:2017-1-20 下午2:05:45
* @return
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", name=" + name
+ ", age=" + age + ", balance=" + balance + "]" ;
}
}
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五,编写controller
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User;
@RestController
public class RestTemplateController {
@Autowired
@GetMapping ( "/template/{id}" )
public User findById( @PathVariable Long id) {
// http://localhost:7900/user/是前面服务的对应的url
User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( "http://localhost:7900/user/" + id,
User. class );
System.out.println(u);
return u;
}
}
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六、启动程序
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringbootRestTemplateApplication {
// 启动的时候要注意,由于我们在controller中注入了RestTemplate,所以启动的时候需要实例化该类的一个实例
@Autowired
private RestTemplateBuilder builder;
// 使用RestTemplateBuilder来实例化RestTemplate对象,spring默认已经注入了RestTemplateBuilder实例
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return builder.build();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootRestTemplateApplication. class , args);
}
}
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七、测试
在浏览器中输入:http://localhost:7902/template/1
测试结果如下:
控制台打印结果:
User [id=1, username=user1, name=张三, age=20, balance=100.00]
通过上面的测试,说明我们已经成功的调用了spring boot的Restful服务。
八、改进
上面的测试中,有一个很不好的地方,
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User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( "http://localhost:7900/user/" + id,
User. class );
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此处出现了硬编码,当服务器地址改变的时候,需要改动对应的代码,改进的方法,将Restful服务的地址写到配置文件中。
修改controller如下:
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package com.chhliu.springboot.restful.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.chhliu.springboot.restful.vo.User;
@RestController
public class RestTemplateController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
// Restful服务对应的url地址
@Value ( "${user.userServicePath}" )
private String userServicePath;
@GetMapping ( "/template/{id}" )
public User findById( @PathVariable Long id) {
User u = this .restTemplate.getForObject( this .userServicePath + id, User. class );
System.out.println(u);
return u;
}
}
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配置文件修改如下:
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server.port:7902
user.userServicePath=http://localhost:7900/user/
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启动程序:
发现测试是ok的,后面我们会引入spring cloud对这种调用方式进行进一步的改进!
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/liuchuanhong1/article/details/54631080