1、查询进程
show processlist
2、 查询到相对应的进程,然后 kill id
验证(kill后再看是否还有锁)
2、查询是否锁表
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show open tables where in_use > 0;
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示例:
新建一个会话执行如下的显示锁示例
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lock tables account_data.account read ;
select sleep(160);
unlock tables account_data.account;
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另开启一个会话检查锁表情况:
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+ --------------+---------+--------+-------------+
| database | table | in_use | name_locked |
+ --------------+---------+--------+-------------+
| account_data | account | 1 | 0 |
+ --------------+---------+--------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from information_schema.innodb_locks\g;
empty set , 1 warning (0.00 sec)
error:
no query specified
mysql> show processlist\g;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 5
user : root
host: 192.168.0.206:64294
db: null
command: sleep
time : 4051
state:
info: null
*************************** 2. row ***************************
id: 8
user : root
host: 192.168.0.206:64297
db: null
command: sleep
time : 4042
state:
info: null
*************************** 3. row ***************************
id: 10
user : root
host: localhost
db: null
command: query
time : 0
state: starting
info: show processlist
*************************** 4. row ***************************
id: 19
user : root
host: 192.168.0.206:54603
db: account_data
command: sleep
time : 245
state:
info: null
*************************** 5. row ***************************
id: 20
user : root
host: 192.168.0.206:54604
db: information_schema
command: query
time : 20
state: user sleep
info: select sleep(160)
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
error:
no query specified
mysql>
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3、在5.5中,information_schema 库中增加了三个关于锁的表(innodb引擎):
innodb_trx ## 当前运行的所有事务
innodb_locks ## 当前出现的锁
innodb_lock_waits ## 锁等待的对应关系
先来看一下这三张表结构:
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root@127.0.0.1 : information_schema 13:28:38> desc innodb_locks;
+————-+———————+——+—–+———+——-+
| field | type | null | key | default | extra |
+————-+———————+——+—–+———+——-+
| lock_id | varchar (81) | no | | | |#锁id
| lock_trx_id | varchar (18) | no | | | |#拥有锁的事务id
| lock_mode | varchar (32) | no | | | |#锁模式
| lock_type | varchar (32) | no | | | |#锁类型
| lock_table | varchar (1024) | no | | | |#被锁的表
| lock_index | varchar (1024) | yes | | null | |#被锁的索引
| lock_space | bigint (21) unsigned | yes | | null | |#被锁的表空间号
| lock_page | bigint (21) unsigned | yes | | null | |#被锁的页号
| lock_rec | bigint (21) unsigned | yes | | null | |#被锁的记录号
| lock_data | varchar (8192) | yes | | null | |#被锁的数据
+————-+———————+——+—–+———+——-+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@127.0.0.1 : information_schema 13:28:56> desc innodb_lock_waits;
+——————-+————-+——+—–+———+——-+
| field | type | null | key | default | extra |
+——————-+————-+——+—–+———+——-+
| requesting_trx_id | varchar (18) | no | | | |#请求锁的事务id
| requested_lock_id | varchar (81) | no | | | |#请求锁的锁id
| blocking_trx_id | varchar (18) | no | | | |#当前拥有锁的事务id
| blocking_lock_id | varchar (81) | no | | | |#当前拥有锁的锁id
+——————-+————-+——+—–+———+——-+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@127.0.0.1 : information_schema 13:29:05> desc innodb_trx ;
+—————————-+———————+——+—–+———————+——-+
| field | type | null | key | default | extra |
+—————————-+———————+——+—–+———————+——-+
| trx_id | varchar (18) | no | | | |#事务id
| trx_state | varchar (13) | no | | | |#事务状态:
| trx_started | datetime | no | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | |#事务开始时间;
| trx_requested_lock_id | varchar (81) | yes | | null | |#innodb_locks.lock_id
| trx_wait_started | datetime | yes | | null | |#事务开始等待的时间
| trx_weight | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#
| trx_mysql_thread_id | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#事务线程id
| trx_query | varchar (1024) | yes | | null | |#具体sql语句
| trx_operation_state | varchar (64) | yes | | null | |#事务当前操作状态
| trx_tables_in_use | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#事务中有多少个表被使用
| trx_tables_locked | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#事务拥有多少个锁
| trx_lock_structs | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#
| trx_lock_memory_bytes | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#事务锁住的内存大小(b)
| trx_rows_locked | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#事务锁住的行数
| trx_rows_modified | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#事务更改的行数
| trx_concurrency_tickets | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#事务并发票数
| trx_isolation_level | varchar (16) | no | | | |#事务隔离级别
| trx_unique_checks | int (1) | no | | 0 | |#是否唯一性检查
| trx_foreign_key_checks | int (1) | no | | 0 | |#是否外键检查
| trx_last_foreign_key_error | varchar (256) | yes | | null | |#最后的外键错误
| trx_adaptive_hash_latched | int (1) | no | | 0 | |#
| trx_adaptive_hash_timeout | bigint (21) unsigned | no | | 0 | |#
+—————————-+———————+——+—–+———————+——-+
22 rows in set (0.01 sec)
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查看正在锁的事务
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select * from information_schema.innodb_locks;
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查看等待锁的事务
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select * from information_schema.innodb_lock_waits;
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查看锁阻塞线程信息
3.1 使用show processlist查看
3.2 直接使用show engine innodb status查看
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------------
transactions
------------
trx id counter 4131
purge done for trx's n:o < 4119 undo n:o < 0 state: running but idle
history list length 126
list of transactions for each session:
---transaction 0, not started
mysql thread id 2, os thread handle 0x7f953ffff700, query id 115 localhost root init
show engine innodb status
---transaction 4130, active 41 sec starting index read
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
lock wait 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
mysql thread id 4, os thread handle 0x7f953ff9d700, query id 112 localhost root updating
delete from emp where empno=7788
------- trx has been waiting 41 sec for this lock to be granted: ## 等待了41s
record locks space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index ` primary ` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4130 lock_mode x locks rec but not gap waiting
record lock, heap no 9 physical record: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程4在等待往test.emp中的主键上加x锁,page num=3
0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc b ;;
3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc scott;;
4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc analyst;;
5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
8: sql null ;
9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
------------------
---transaction 4129, active 45 sec starting index read
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
lock wait 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
mysql thread id 7, os thread handle 0x7f953ff6c700, query id 111 localhost root updating
update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788
------- trx has been waiting 45 sec for this lock to be granted: ## 等待了45s
record locks space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index ` primary ` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4129 lock_mode x locks rec but not gap waiting
record lock, heap no 9 physical record: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程7在等待往test.emp中的主键上加x锁,page num=3
0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc b ;;
3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc scott;;
4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc analyst;;
5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
8: sql null ;
9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
------------------
---transaction 4128, active 51 sec
2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
mysql thread id 3, os thread handle 0x7f953ffce700, query id 110 localhost root cleaning up
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我们知道,主要根因还是thread=3引起的,但从innodb status中却无法分析得到这个结果。
从上面来看,线程4和线程7都在等待往test.emp中的主键上加x锁,page num=3,但是线程7等待的时间为45s,而线程4等待的时间为41s,是较线程7之后申请的锁,所以可以判断是线程7阻塞了线程4。至于线程7为什么出现等待,这里分析不到根因。
3.3 使用mysqladmin debug查看
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# mysqladmin -s /tmp/mysql3306.sock debug
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然后在error日志中,会看到:
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thread database .table_name locked/waiting lock_type
3 test.t3 locked - read low priority read lock
7 test.emp locked - write high priority write lock
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这种方法中,能找到线程id=3和7是阻塞者,但还是不太准确,判断不出来线程7也是被线程id=3阻塞的。
3.4 使用innodb_lock_monitor来获取阻塞锁线程
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mysql [test]> create table innodb_lock_monitor (a int ) engine=innodb; ## 随便在一个数据库中创建这个表,就会打开lock monitor
query ok, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.07 sec)
mysql [test]> show warnings\g
*************************** 1. row ***************************
level : warning
code: 131
message: using the table name innodb_lock_monitor to enable diagnostic output is deprecated and may be removed in future releases. use information_schema or performance_schema tables or set global innodb_status_output= on .
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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说明:这个在5.6中有一个warning,但不影响使用。
然后再使用show engine innodb status查看:
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------------
transactions
------------
trx id counter 4667
purge done for trx's n:o < 4659 undo n:o < 0 state: running but idle
history list length 138
list of transactions for each session:
---transaction 0, not started
mysql thread id 9, os thread handle 0x7f813c5f7700, query id 152 localhost root init
show engine innodb status
---transaction 4663, active 78 sec starting index read
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
lock wait 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
mysql thread id 4, os thread handle 0x7f813c628700, query id 149 localhost root updating
delete from emp where empno=7788
------- trx has been waiting 78 sec for this lock to be granted: ## 等待了78s
record locks space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index ` primary ` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock_mode x locks rec but not gap waiting
record lock, heap no 9 physical record: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程4在等待往test.emp中的主键上加x锁,page num=3
0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc b ;;
3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc scott;;
4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc analyst;;
5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
8: sql null ;
9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
------------------
table lock table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock mode ix ## 在给主键行上加x锁之前,先要在表上加意向锁ix
record locks space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index ` primary ` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock_mode x locks rec but not gap waiting
record lock, heap no 9 physical record: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc b ;;
3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc scott;;
4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc analyst;;
5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
8: sql null ;
9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
---transaction 4662, active 81 sec starting index read
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
lock wait 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
mysql thread id 7, os thread handle 0x7f813c5c6700, query id 148 localhost root updating
update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788
------- trx has been waiting 81 sec for this lock to be granted: ## 等待了81s
record locks space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index ` primary ` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock_mode x locks rec but not gap waiting
record lock, heap no 9 physical record: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程7在等待往test.emp中的主键上加x锁,page num=3
0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc b ;;
3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc scott;;
4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc analyst;;
5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
8: sql null ;
9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
------------------
table lock table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock mode ix ## 在给主键行上加x锁之前,先要在表上加意向锁ix
record locks space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index ` primary ` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock_mode x locks rec but not gap waiting
record lock, heap no 9 physical record: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc b ;;
3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc scott;;
4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc analyst;;
5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
8: sql null ;
9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
---transaction 4615, active 1579 sec, thread declared inside innodb 1222
mysql tables in use 2, locked 0
2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s)
mysql thread id 3, os thread handle 0x7f813c659700, query id 147 localhost root sending data
select count (*) from t3 a,t3 b ## 这是线程3当前正在执行的sql
trx read view will not see trx with id >= 4662, sees < 4659
table lock table `test`.`emp` trx id 4615 lock mode ix ## 线程3中正在拥有表上的意向ix锁,并且有test.emp表上主键的行级x锁,page num=3
record locks space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index ` primary ` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4615 lock_mode x locks rec but not gap
record lock, heap no 9 physical record: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;;
1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;;
2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc b ;;
3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc scott;;
4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc analyst;;
5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;;
6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;;
8: sql null ;
9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
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为什么线程3当前执行的是一个select t3表操作,但却锁住了test.emp表上page num=3?
有可能是线程3之前对test.emp表的操作事务没有及时提交导致。
所以得出:线程3阻塞了线程7,而线程7又阻塞了线程4,所以根因就是线程3,让线程3尽快提交或是kill掉即可。
3.5、 查看表锁的情况:
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mysql> show status like 'table%' ;
+ ----------------------------+---------+
| variable_name | value |
+ ----------------------------+---------+
| table_locks_immediate | 100 |
| table_locks_waited | 11 |
+ ----------------------------+---------+
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3.6、查看innodb_row_lock状态变量来分析系统上的行锁的争夺情况:
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mysql> show status like 'innodb_row_lock%' ;
+ -------------------------------+--------+
| variable_name | value |
+ -------------------------------+--------+
| innodb_row_lock_current_waits | 0 |
| innodb_row_lock_time | 159372 |
| innodb_row_lock_time_avg | 39843 |
| innodb_row_lock_time_max | 51154 |
| innodb_row_lock_waits | 4 |
+ -------------------------------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
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4. 结论
在分析innodb中锁阻塞时,几种方法的对比情况:
(1)使用show processlist查看不靠谱;
(2)直接使用show engine innodb status查看,无法判断到问题的根因;
(3)使用mysqladmin debug查看,能看到所有产生锁的线程,但无法判断哪个才是根因;
(4)开启innodb_lock_monitor后,再使用show engine innodb status查看,能够找到锁阻塞的根因。
参考:http://www.zzvips.com/article/147156.html
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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/duanxz/p/4394641.html