一、栈
栈的特性就是先进后出，常用方法是入栈（push()）,出栈(pop()),栈空（empty()）,看栈顶元素（peek()）;
1.栈的应用
1.1括号匹配
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public boolean isValid(String s) {
//有效括号时隔4个月后重新打卡 看看栈学的怎么样
Stack<Character> stack=new Stack<>();
for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++){
char ch=s.charAt(i);
if(ch=='('||ch=='{'||ch=='['){
stack.push(ch);
}else{
if(stack.empty()){
//右括号多
return false;
}else{
char ch1=stack.peek();
if(ch1=='{'&&ch=='}'||ch1=='['&&ch==']'||ch1=='('&&ch==')'){
stack.pop();
}else{
return false;
}
}
}
}
if(!stack.empty()){
return false;
}
return true;
}
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1.2后缀表达式
a+b 这是我们最常见的表达式
前缀表达式就是+ab
后缀表达式就是ab+
转换方式就是每一个表达式用括号括起，将两个表达式中间的运算符放到括号外，加括号的顺序就是先乘除后加减
逆波兰表达式求值：这里是后缀表达式，所以减法就是后出的减先出的，除法也是。利用栈的特性来实现后缀表达式
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public int evalRPN(String[] tokens) {
Stack <Integer> stack=new Stack<>();
int num1=0;
int num2=0;
for(String str:tokens){
if(str.equals("+")){
num1=stack.pop();
num2=stack.pop();
stack.push(num1+num2);
}else if(str.equals("-")){
num1=stack.pop();
num2=stack.pop();
stack.push(num2-num1);
}else if(str.equals("*")){
num1=stack.pop();
num2=stack.pop();
stack.push(num1*num2);
}else if(str.equals("/")){
num1=stack.pop();
num2=stack.pop();
stack.push(num2/num1);
}else{
stack.push(Integer.parseInt(str));
}
}
return stack.pop();
}
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1.3用栈实现队列
用栈模拟出队列的push(),pop(),peek(),empty() 方法
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class MyQueue {
public Stack<Integer> stack1;
public Stack<Integer> stack2;
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
public MyQueue() {
stack1 =new Stack<>();
stack2 =new Stack<>();
}
/** Push element x to the back of queue. */
public void push(int x) {
stack1.push(x);
}
/** Removes the element from in front of queue and returns that element. */
public int pop() {
if(stack2.empty()){
while(!stack1.empty()){
stack2.push(stack1.pop());
}
}
return stack2.pop();
}
/** Get the front element. */
public int peek() {
if(stack2.empty()){
while(!stack1.empty()){
stack2.push(stack1.pop());
}
}
return stack2.peek();
}
/** Returns whether the queue is empty. */
public boolean empty() {
return stack1.empty()&&stack2.empty();
}
}
/**
* Your MyQueue object will be instantiated and called as such:
* MyQueue obj = new MyQueue();
* obj.push(x);
* int param_2 = obj.pop();
* int param_3 = obj.peek();
* boolean param_4 = obj.empty();
*/
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1.4最小栈
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class MinStack {
//定义双栈来实现最小栈
public Deque<Integer> stack1;
public Deque<Integer> minStack;
/** initialize your data structure here. */
public MinStack() {
stack1=new LinkedList<Integer>();
minStack=new LinkedList<Integer>();
minStack.push(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
public void push(int val) {
stack1.push(val);
minStack.push(Math.min(val,minStack.peek()));
}
public void pop() {
stack1.pop();
minStack.pop();
}
public int top() {
return stack1.peek();
}
public int getMin() {
return minStack.peek();
}
}
/**
* Your MinStack object will be instantiated and called as such:
* MinStack obj = new MinStack();
* obj.push(val);
* obj.pop();
* int param_3 = obj.top();
* int param_4 = obj.getMin();
*/
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1.5栈的压入和弹出序列
先看题目要求：输入两个整数序列，第一个序列表示栈的压入顺序，第二个序列表示栈的弹出序列，请判断是否为合法的出栈序列
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public boolean validateStackSequences(int []pushed,int []popped){
Stack <Integer> stack=new Stack<>();
int i=0;
for(int num:pushed){
stack.push(num);
while(!stack.isEmpty()&&stack.peek()==popped[i]){
i++;
stack.pop();
}
}
return stack.isEmpty();
}
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总结
本篇文章就到这里了，希望能给你带来帮助，也希望您能够多多关注服务器之家的更多内容！
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51601437/article/details/119218948