IOS截取URL中的参数

• 项目开发中需要截取URL中的参数

http://example.com?param1=value1&param2=param2

• 直接使用字符串分割

// Swift代码，IOS8以上

extension String {

/// 从String中截取出参数
var urlParameters: [String: AnyObject]? {
// 判断是否有参数
        guard let start = self.rangeOfString("?") else {
return nil
        }

var params = [String: AnyObject]()
// 截取参数
let index = start.startIndex.advancedBy(1)
let paramsString = substringFromIndex(index)

// 判断参数是单个参数还是多个参数
if paramsString.containsString("&") {

// 多个参数，分割参数
let urlComponents = paramsString.componentsSeparatedByString("&")

// 遍历参数
for keyValuePair in urlComponents {
// 生成Key/Value
let pairComponents = keyValuePair.componentsSeparatedByString("=")
let key = pairComponents.first?.stringByRemovingPercentEncoding
let value = pairComponents.last?.stringByRemovingPercentEncoding
// 判断参数是否是数组
if let key = key, value = value {
// 已存在的值，生成数组
if let existValue = params[key] {
if var existValue = existValue as? [AnyObject] {

                            existValue.append(value)
                        } else {
params[key] = [existValue, value]
                        }

                    } else {

params[key] = value
                    }

                }
            }

        } else {

// 单个参数
let pairComponents = paramsString.componentsSeparatedByString("=")

// 判断是否有值
if pairComponents.count == 1 {
return nil
            }

let key = pairComponents.first?.stringByRemovingPercentEncoding
let value = pairComponents.last?.stringByRemovingPercentEncoding
if let key = key, value = value {
params[key] = value
            }

        }


return params
    }
}

// Objective-C IOS8以上

@implementation NSString (Utils)

/**
 * 截取URL中的参数
 *
 * @return NSMutableDictionary parameters
 */
- (NSMutableDictionary *)getURLParameters {

// 查找参数
NSRange range = [self rangeOfString:@"?"];
if (range.location == NSNotFound) {
return nil;
    }

NSMutableDictionary *params = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

// 截取参数
NSString *parametersString = [self substringFromIndex:range.location + 1];

// 判断参数是单个参数还是多个参数
if ([parametersString containsString:@"&"]) {

// 多个参数，分割参数
NSArray *urlComponents = [parametersString componentsSeparatedByString:@"&"];

for (NSString *keyValuePair in urlComponents) {
// 生成Key/Value
NSArray *pairComponents = [keyValuePair componentsSeparatedByString:@"="];
NSString *key = [pairComponents.firstObject stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
NSString *value = [pairComponents.lastObject stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];

// Key不能为nil
if (key == nil || value == nil) {
continue;
            }

id existValue = [params valueForKey:key];

if (existValue != nil) {

// 已存在的值，生成数组
if ([existValue isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]]) {
// 已存在的值生成数组
NSMutableArray *items = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:existValue];
                    [items addObject:value];

                    [params setValue:items forKey:key];
                } else {

// 非数组
                    [params setValue:@[existValue, value] forKey:key];
                }

            } else {

// 设置值
                [params setValue:value forKey:key];
            }
        }
    } else {
// 单个参数

// 生成Key/Value
NSArray *pairComponents = [parametersString componentsSeparatedByString:@"="];

// 只有一个参数，没有值
if (pairComponents.count == 1) {
return nil;
        }

// 分隔值
NSString *key = [pairComponents.firstObject stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
NSString *value = [pairComponents.lastObject stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];

// Key不能为nil
if (key == nil || value == nil) {
return nil;
        }

// 设置值
        [params setValue:value forKey:key];
    }

return params;
}

@end

• 使用案例：

// Swift

let url = "http://example.com?param1=value1&param2=value2"
let url1 = "http://example.com?param1=value1&param1=value2"
let params = url.urlParameters
let params1 = url1.urlParameters
// 字典
print(params)
// 数组
print(params1)

Optional([“param1”: value1, “param2”: value2])
Optional([“param1”: ( value1, value2 ) ])

Objective-C

NSString *url = @"http://example.com?param1=value1&param2=value2";
NSString *url1 = @"http://example.com?param1=value1&param1=value2";
NSDictionary *dic = [url getURLParameters];
NSDictionary *dic1 = [url1 getURLParameters];
NSLog(@"dic ---- \n%@", dic);
NSLog(@"dic1 ---- \n%@", dic1);

2016-08-18 14:14:05.943 test[8591:784432] dic ---- 
{
param1 = value1;
param2 = value2;
}

2016-08-18 14:15:05.210 test[8625:788127] dic1 ---- 
{
param1 =     (
value1,
value2
);
}

• 另一种方法则是使用系统的类 NSURLComponents

// Swift
let url = "http://example.com?param1=value1&param2=value2"
let urlComponents = NSURLComponents(string: url)
let queryItems = urlComponents?.queryItems
for item in queryItems! {
    print(item.name)
    print(item.value)

}

以下方法和上面的截取方法一样，会更简洁：

// Swift代码，IOS8以上

extension String {
/// 从String中截取出参数
var urlParameters: [String: AnyObject]? {
// 截取是否有参数
            guard let urlComponents = NSURLComponents(string: self), queryItems = urlComponents.queryItems else {
return nil
            }
// 参数字典
var parameters = [String: AnyObject]()

// 遍历参数
            queryItems.forEach({ (item) in

// 判断参数是否是数组
if let existValue = parameters[item.name], value = item.value {
// 已存在的值，生成数组
if var existValue = existValue as? [AnyObject] {

                        existValue.append(value)
                    } else {
                        parameters[item.name] = [existValue, value]
                    }

                } else {

                    parameters[item.name] = item.value
                }
            })

return parameters
        }
}

待续