pytest fixtures装饰器
pytest中可以使用@pytest.fixture 装饰器来装饰一个方法,被装饰方法的方法名可以作为一个参数传入到测试方法中。可以使用这种方式来完成测试之前的初始化,也可以返回数据给测试函数。
将fixture作为函数参数
通常使用setup和teardown来进行资源的初始化,如果有这样一个场景,测试用例1需要依赖登入功能,测试用例2不需要依赖登入功能,测试用例3需要登入功能,这种场景setup,teardown无法实现,也可以使用pytest fixture功能,在这个方法前面加个@pytest.fixture装饰器,加了这个装饰器的方法可以以参数的形式传到方法里,这个方法就会先执行这个登入方法,再去执行自身的用例步骤,如果没有传入这个登入方法就不执行登入操作,直接执行已有的步骤
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_coding: utf-8 _*_
import pytest
@pytest .fixture()
def login():
print ( "这时一个登入的方法" )
return ( 'tome' , '123' )
@pytest .fixture()
def operate():
print ( "这是登入后的操作" )
def test_case1(login, operate):
print (login)
print ( "test_case1,需要登入" )
def test_case2():
print ( "test_case2,不需要登入" )
def test_case3(login):
print (login)
print ( "test_case3,需要登入" )
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在上面的代码中,测试用例test_case1 和test_case3 分别增加了login 方法名作为参数,pytest会发现并调用@pytest.fixture标记的login功能,运行测试结果如下:
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testing started at 10 : 17 ...
c:\python\python.exe "c:\program files\jetbrains\pycharm community edition 2019.1\helpers\pycharm\_jb_pytest_runner.py" - - path c: / users / wanwen / pycharmprojects / vigo / xuexi / 20210123 / test_fixture.py
launching pytest with arguments c: / users / wanwen / pycharmprojects / vigo / xuexi / 20210123 / test_fixture.py in c:\users\wanwen\pycharmprojects\vigo\xuexi\ 20210123
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = test session starts = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
platform win32 - - python 3.8 . 0 , pytest - 5.4 . 3 , py - 1.9 . 0 , pluggy - 0.13 . 1
rootdir: c:\users\wanwen\pycharmprojects\vigo\xuexi\ 20210123
plugins: html - 2.1 . 1 , metadata - 1.11 . 0 , ordering - 0.6collected 3 items
test_fixture.py 这时一个登入的方法
这是登入后的操作
.( 'tome' , '123' )
test_case1,需要登入
.test_case2,不需要登入
这时一个登入的方法
.( 'tome' , '123' )
test_case3,需要登入
[ 100 % ]
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 3 passed in 0.04s = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
process finished with exit code 0
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从上面结果可以看出,test_case1 和test_case3 运行之前执行了login方法,test_case2没有执行这个方法。
控制用例的执行顺序
一、pytest加载所有的用例都是乱序的,如果想指定用例的顺序,可以使用pytest-ordering插件,指定用例的执行顺序只需要在测试用例的方法前面加上装饰器@pytest.mark.run(order=[num])设置order的对应的num值,它就可以按照num的大小顺序来执行。
应用场景:有时运行测试用例要指定它的顺序,比如有些场景要先需要登入,才能执行后面的流程比如购物流程,下单流程,这时就需要指定用例的执行顺序。通过pytest-ordering这个插件可以完成用例顺序的指定。
二、安装
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pip install pytest - ordering
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三、实例
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_coding: utf-8 _*_
import pytest
class testpytest( object ):
@pytest .mark.run(order = - 1 )
def test_two( self ):
print ( "test_two, 测试用例" )
@pytest .mark.run(order = 3 )
def test_one( self ):
print ( "test_one, 测试用例" )
@pytest .mark.run(order = 1 )
def test_three( self ):
print ( "test_three, 测试用例" )
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四、运行结果
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testing started at 15 : 51 ...
c:\python\python.exe "c:\program files\jetbrains\pycharm community edition 2019.1\helpers\pycharm\_jb_pytest_runner.py" - - path c: / users / wanwen / pycharmprojects / vigo / xuexi / 20210123 / test_order.py
launching pytest with arguments c: / users / wanwen / pycharmprojects / vigo / xuexi / 20210123 / test_order.py in c:\users\wanwen\pycharmprojects\vigo\xuexi\ 20210123
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = test session starts = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
platform win32 - - python 3.8 . 0 , pytest - 5.4 . 3 , py - 1.9 . 0 , pluggy - 0.13 . 1
rootdir: c:\users\wanwen\pycharmprojects\vigo\xuexi\ 20210123
plugins: html - 2.1 . 1 , metadata - 1.11 . 0 , ordering - 0.6collected 3 items
test_order.py [ 100 % ]
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 3 passed in 0.06s = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
process finished with exit code 0
.test_three, 测试用例
.test_one, 测试用例
.test_two, 测试用例
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以上就是pytest fixtures装饰器的使用和如何控制用例的执行顺序的详细内容,更多关于pytest fixtures装饰器和控制用例的执行顺序的资料请关注服务器之家其它相关文章!
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/vigo01/p/14333751.html