本节作为主要讲解Spring Data的环境搭建
JPA Spring Data :致力于减少数据访问层(DAO)的开发量。开发者唯一要做的就是声明持久层的接口,其他都交给Spring Data JPA来帮你完成!
使用Spring Data JPA进行持久层开发需要的四个步骤:
- 配置Spring 整合 JPA
- 在Spring配置文件中配置Spring Data,让Spring 为声明的接口创建代理对象。配置了<jpa:repositories>后,Spring 初始化容器时将会扫描base-package 指定的包目录及其子目录,为继承Repository或其子接口的接口创建代理对象,并将代理对象注册为SpringBean,业务层便可以通过Spring的自动封装的特性来直接使用该对象。
- 声明持久层的接口,该接口继承Repository。Repository是一个标记型接口,它不包含任何方法,如必要,Spring Data 可实现Repository其他子接口,其中定义了一些常用的增删改查,以及分页相关的方法。
- 在接口中声明需要的方法。Spring Data将根据给定的策略,来为其生成实现代码。
环境搭建
1.所需要的包
① 加入spring包
- spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-aspects-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-beans-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-core-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-expression-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-jdbc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-web-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- spring-webmvc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar
- com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar
- com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
- com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
- commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
② 加入hibernate包
- antlr-2.7.7.jar
- dom4j-1.6.1.jar
- hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar
- hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar
- hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
- jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar
- javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar
- jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar
- jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar
- jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar
③ 加jpa的包
hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar
④ 加c3p0的包
- c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar
- hibernate-c3p0-4.3.11.Final.jar
- mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar
⑤ 加mysql的驱动
mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar
⑥加入springData
- spring-data-commons-1.6.2.RELEASE.jar
- spring-data-jpa-1.4.2.RELEASE.jar
⑦加入 slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
2.Spring Bean配置文件
applicationContext.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jpa = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
< context:property-placeholder location = "classpath:db.properties" />
<!--配置数据源 -->
< bean id = "dataSource" class = "com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
< property name = "user" value = "${jdbc.user}" ></ property >
< property name = "password" value = "${jdbc.password}" ></ property >
< property name = "jdbcUrl" value = "${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></ property >
< property name = "driverClass" value = "${jdbc.driverClass}" ></ property >
</ bean >
<!--配置JPA的entityManagerFactory -->
< bean id = "entityManagerFactory" class = "org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean" >
< property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" ></ property >
<!-- 配置JPA的实现 -->
< property name = "jpaVendorAdapter" >
< bean class = "org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter" ></ bean >
</ property >
< property name = "packagesToScan" value = "com.ntjr.springdata" ></ property >
< property name = "jpaProperties" >
< props >
<!-- 二级缓存相关 -->
<!-- <prop key="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</prop>
<prop key="net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName">ehcache-hibernate.xml</prop> -->
<!-- 生成的数据表的列的映射策略 -->
< prop key = "hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy" >org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</ prop >
<!-- hibernate 基本属性 -->
< prop key = "hibernate.dialect" >org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</ prop >
< prop key = "hibernate.show_sql" >true</ prop >
< prop key = "hibernate.format_sql" >true</ prop >
< prop key = "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" >update</ prop >
</ props >
</ property >
</ bean >
<!--配置事物管理器 -->
< bean id = "transactionManager" class = "org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager" >
< property name = "entityManagerFactory" ref = "entityManagerFactory" ></ property >
</ bean >
<!-- 配置支持注解的事物 -->
< tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager = "transactionManager" />
<!--配置springData -->
<!--base-package:扫描Repository Bean所在的package -->
< jpa:repositories base-package = "com.ntjr.springdata"
entity-manager-factory-ref = "entityManagerFactory"
transaction-manager-ref = "transactionManager" >
</ jpa:repositories >
</ beans >
applicationContext.xml
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3.数据库持久类
Person.java
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package com.ntjr.springdata;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Table (name = "JPA_PERSONS" )
@Entity
public class Person {
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private Date birth;
@GeneratedValue
@Id
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this .id = id;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
@Column (name = "LAST_NAME" )
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this .lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this .email = email;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this .birth = birth;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", birth=" + birth + "]" ;
}
}
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4.DAO
PersonRepository.java
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package com.ntjr.springdata;
import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository;
/**
*
* 1、实现Repository接口
* 2、通过注解的方式@RepositoryDefinition将一个bean定义为Repository接口
*/
public interface PersonRepsitory extends Repository<Person, Integer> {
// 根据lastName获取对应的person
Person getByLastName(String lastName);
}
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5.测试
SpringDataTest.java
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package com.ntjr.springdata.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.ntjr.springdata.Person;
import com.ntjr.springdata.PersonRepsitory;
public class SpringDataTest {
private ApplicationContext ctx = null ;
{
ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "applicationContext.xml" );
}
@Test
public void getPersonForLastName() {
PersonRepsitory personRepsitory = ctx.getBean(PersonRepsitory. class );
Person person = personRepsitory.getByLastName( "AA" );
System.out.println(person);
}
}
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaobingqing/p/6854322.html