前言
用过老版本UC看小说的同学都知道，当年版权问题比较松懈，我们可以再UC搜索不同来源的小说，并且阅读，那么它是怎么做的呢？下面让我们自己实现一个小说线上采集阅读。（说明：仅用于技术学习、研究）
看小说时，最烦的就是有各种广告，这些广告有些是站长放上去的盈利手段，有些是被人恶意注入。在我的上一篇博客中实现了小说采集并保存到本地TXT文件 HttpClients+Jsoup抓取笔趣阁小说，并保存到本地TXT文件，这样我们就可以导入手机用手机阅读软件看小说；那么我们这里实现一个可以在线看小说。
话不多说先看效果
首页：
页面很纯净，目前有三种来源
搜索结果页：
三个不同的来源，分页用的是layui的laypage，逻辑分页。（笔趣阁的搜索结果界面没有书本的图片）
翻页效果：
纵横网连简介等都帮我们分词，搞得数据量太大，速度太慢：books.size() < 888
书本详情页：
小说阅读页：
上、下一章：
代码与分析
项目是springboot项目，原理非常简单，就是用httpclient构造一个请求头去请求对应的来源链接，用jsoup去解析响应回来的response，
通过jsoup的选择器去找到我们想要的数据，存入实体，放到ModelAndView里面，前端页面用thymeleaf去取值、遍历数据。
但是有一些书是要会员才能看，这种情况下我们需要做模拟登陆才能继续采集，这里只是一个简单的采集，就不做模拟登陆了。
采集过程中碰到的问题：
1、起点中文网采集书本集合时，想要的数据不在页面源码里面
起点中文网很机智，他在html代码了没有直接展示page分页信息的链接
可以看到，httpClient请求回来的response里分页信息标签里面是空的，但用浏览器去请求里面有信息
这是因为httpClient去模拟我们的浏览器访问某个链接，直接响应回这个链接对应的内容，并不会去帮我们触发其他的ajax，而浏览器回去解析响应回来的html，当碰到img、script、link等标签它会帮我们去ajax请求对应的资源。
由此推测，page相关的信息，起点中文网是在js代码里面去获取并追加，最后通过network找到它的一些蛛丝马迹
由此推测，page相关的信息，起点中文网是在js代码里面去获取并追加，最后通过network找到它的一些蛛丝马迹
既然他没有写在html里，那我们就自己去创建连接，可以看到html上有当前页跟最大页数
完美
2、笔趣阁查看书本详情，图片防盗链
笔趣阁有一个图片防盗，我们在自己的html引入图片路径时
，但当我们把链接用浏览器访问时是可以的
，但当我们把链接用浏览器访问时是可以的
对比一下两边的请求头
；我们直接用大佬的反防盗链方法，并且针对我们的项目改造一下：<div id="bookImg"></div>
/**
* 反防盗链
*/
function showImg(parentObj, url) {
//来一个随机数
var frameid = 'frameimg' + Math.random();
//放在（父页面）window里面 iframe的script标签里面绑定了window.onload，作用：设置iframe的高度、宽度 <script>window.onload = function() { parent.document.getElementById(\'' + frameid + '\').height = document.getElementById(\'img\').height+\'px\'; }<' + '/script>
window.img = '<img src=\'' + url + '?' + Math.random() + '\'/>';
//iframe调用parent.img
$(parentObj).append('<iframe id="' + frameid + '" src="javascript:parent.img;" frameBorder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>');
} showImg($("#bookImg"), book.img);
效果最终：
3、采集书本详情时，起点网的目录并没有在html里
起点网的目录并没有在html里，也不是在另一个链接里
通过浏览器页面Elements的Break on打断点
查看调用栈发现
，它在js ajax请求数据，进行tab切换，就连总共有多少章，它都是页面加载出来之后ajax请求回来的
，它在js ajax请求数据，进行tab切换，就连总共有多少章，它都是页面加载出来之后ajax请求回来的
看一下他的请求头跟参数
只要我们弄懂_csrfToken参数就可以构造一个get请求 
https://book.qidian.com/ajax/book/category?_csrfToken=LosgUIe29G7LV04gdutbSqzKRb9XxoPyqtWBQ3hU&bookId=1209977
通过浏览器查看可知，第一章对应的链接：https://read.qidian.com/chapter/2R9G_ziBVg41/MyEcwtk5i8Iex0RJOkJclQ2
https://read.qidian.com/chapter/2R9G_ziBVg41/MyEcwtk5i8Iex0RJOkJclQ2
这个就是我们想要的
https://read.qidian.com/chapter/ + cU章节链接
cN章节名称
cN章节名称
_csrfToken是cookie，而且多次刷新都不变，大胆猜测：起点为我们生成cookie并且携带请求ajax，携带与起点给我们的cookie不一致的时候返回失败
，
，
我们每次调用gather，都是一次新的httpclient对象，每次既然如此，那我们就先获取cookie，在用同一个httpclient去请求数据即可 （详情代码已经贴出来，在BookHandler_qidian.book_details_qidian里面）
最终我们获得了返回值，是一个json
同样的，大部分逻辑都写在注释里面，相信大家都看得懂：
maven引包：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
<version>4.4.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
<artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
<version>1.11.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
书实体类：
/**
* 书对象
*/
@Data
public class Book { /**
* 链接
*/
private String bookUrl; /**
* 书名
*/
private String bookName; /**
* 作者
*/
private String author; /**
* 简介
*/
private String synopsis; /**
* 图片
*/
private String img; /**
* 章节目录 chapterName、url
*/
private List<Map<String,String>> chapters; /**
* 状态
*/
private String status; /**
* 类型
*/
private String type; /**
* 更新时间
*/
private String updateDate; /**
* 第一章
*/
private String firstChapter; /**
* 第一章链接
*/
private String firstChapterUrl; /**
* 上一章节
*/
private String prevChapter; /**
* 上一章节链接
*/
private String prevChapterUrl; /**
* 当前章节名称
*/
private String nowChapter; /**
* 当前章节内容
*/
private String nowChapterValue; /**
* 当前章节链接
*/
private String nowChapterUrl; /**
* 下一章节
*/
private String nextChapter; /**
* 下一章节链接
*/
private String nextChapterUrl; /**
* 最新章节
*/
private String latestChapter; /**
* 最新章节链接
*/
private String latestChapterUrl; /**
* 大小
*/
private String magnitude; /**
* 来源
*/
private Map<String,String> source;
private String sourceKey;
}
小工具类：
/**
* 小工具类
*/
public class BookUtil { /**
* 自动注入参数
* 例如：
*
* @param src http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=#1&pageNo=#2&sort=
* @param params "斗破苍穹","1"
* @return http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=斗破苍穹&pageNo=1&sort=
*/
public static String insertParams(String src, String... params) {
int i = 1;
for (String param : params) {
src = src.replaceAll("#" + i, param);
i++;
}
return src;
} /**
* 采集当前url完整response实体.toString()
*
* @param url url
* @return response实体.toString()
*/
public static String gather(String url, String refererUrl) {
String result = null;
try {
//创建httpclient对象 (这里设置成全局变量，相对于同一个请求session、cookie会跟着携带过去)
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
//创建get方式请求对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
httpGet.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
//包装一下
httpGet.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36");
httpGet.addHeader("Referer", refererUrl);
httpGet.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive"); //通过请求对象获取响应对象
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//获取结果实体
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "GBK");
} //释放链接
response.close();
}
//这里还可以捕获超时异常，重新连接抓取
catch (Exception e) {
result = null;
System.err.println("采集操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}
Controller层：
/**
* Book Controller层
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("book")
public class BookContrller { /**
* 来源集合
*/
private static Map<String, Map<String, String>> source = new HashMap<>(); static {
//笔趣阁
source.put("biquge", BookHandler_biquge.biquge); //纵横中文网
source.put("zongheng", BookHandler_zongheng.zongheng); //起点中文网
source.put("qidian", BookHandler_qidian.qidian);
} /**
* 访问首页
*/
@GetMapping("/index")
public ModelAndView index() {
return new ModelAndView("book_index.html");
} /**
* 搜索书名
*/
@GetMapping("/search")
public ModelAndView search(Book book) {
//结果集
ArrayList<Book> books = new ArrayList<>();
//关键字
String keyWord = book.getBookName();
//来源
String sourceKey = book.getSourceKey(); //获取来源详情
Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey); // 编码
try {
keyWord = URLEncoder.encode(keyWord, src.get("UrlEncode"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//searchUrl
src.put("searchUrl", BookUtil.insertParams(src.get("searchUrl"), keyWord, "1")); //调用不同的方法
switch (sourceKey) {
case "biquge":
BookHandler_biquge.book_search_biquge(books, src, keyWord);
break;
case "zongheng":
BookHandler_zongheng.book_search_zongheng(books, src, keyWord);
break;
case "qidian":
BookHandler_qidian.book_search_qidian(books, src, keyWord);
break;
default:
//默认所有都查
BookHandler_biquge.book_search_biquge(books, src, keyWord);
BookHandler_zongheng.book_search_zongheng(books, src, keyWord);
BookHandler_qidian.book_search_qidian(books, src, keyWord);
break;
} System.out.println(books.size());
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("book_list.html", "books", books);
try {
modelAndView.addObject("keyWord", URLDecoder.decode(keyWord, src.get("UrlEncode")));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
modelAndView.addObject("sourceKey", sourceKey);
return modelAndView;
} /**
* 访问书本详情
*/
@GetMapping("/details")
public ModelAndView details(String sourceKey,String bookUrl,String searchUrl) {
Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey);
src.put("searchUrl",searchUrl);
Book book = new Book();
//调用不同的方法
switch (sourceKey) {
case "biquge":
book = BookHandler_biquge.book_details_biquge(src, bookUrl);
break;
case "zongheng":
book = BookHandler_zongheng.book_details_zongheng(src, bookUrl);
break;
case "qidian":
book = BookHandler_qidian.book_details_qidian(src, bookUrl);
break;
default:
break;
}
return new ModelAndView("book_details.html", "book", book);
} /**
* 访问书本章节
*/
@GetMapping("/read")
public ModelAndView read(String sourceKey,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) {
Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey);
Book book = new Book();
//调用不同的方法
switch (sourceKey) {
case "biquge":
book = BookHandler_biquge.book_read_biquge(src, chapterUrl,refererUrl);
break;
case "zongheng":
book = BookHandler_zongheng.book_read_zongheng(src, chapterUrl,refererUrl);
break;
case "qidian":
book = BookHandler_qidian.book_read_qidian(src, chapterUrl,refererUrl);
break;
default:
break;
}
return new ModelAndView("book_read.html", "book", book);
}
}
三个不同来源的Handler处理器，每个来源都有不同的采集规则：
BookHandler_biquge
/**
* 笔趣阁采集规则
*/
public class BookHandler_biquge { /**
* 来源信息
*/
public static HashMap<String, String> biquge = new HashMap<>(); static {
//笔趣阁
biquge.put("name", "笔趣阁");
biquge.put("key", "biquge");
biquge.put("baseUrl", "http://www.biquge.com.tw");
biquge.put("baseSearchUrl", "http://www.biquge.com.tw/modules/article/soshu.php");
biquge.put("UrlEncode", "GB2312");
biquge.put("searchUrl", "http://www.biquge.com.tw/modules/article/soshu.php?searchkey=+#1&page=#2");
} /**
* 获取search list 笔趣阁采集规则
*
* @param books 结果集合
* @param src 源目标
* @param keyWord 关键字
*/
public static void book_search_biquge(ArrayList<Book> books, Map<String, String> src, String keyWord) {
//采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(src.get("searchUrl"), src.get("baseUrl"));
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前页集合
Elements resultList = doc.select("table.grid tr#nr");
for (Element result : resultList) {
Book book = new Book();
//书本链接
book.setBookUrl(result.child(0).select("a").attr("href"));
//书名
book.setBookName(result.child(0).select("a").text());
//作者
book.setAuthor(result.child(2).text());
//更新时间
book.setUpdateDate(result.child(4).text());
//最新章节
book.setLatestChapter(result.child(1).select("a").text());
book.setLatestChapterUrl(result.child(1).select("a").attr("href"));
//状态
book.setStatus(result.child(5).text());
//大小
book.setMagnitude(result.child(3).text());
//来源
book.setSource(src);
books.add(book);
} //下一页
Elements searchNext = doc.select("div.pages > a.ngroup");
String href = searchNext.attr("href");
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(href)) {
src.put("baseUrl", src.get("searchUrl"));
src.put("searchUrl", href.contains("http") ? href : (src.get("baseSearchUrl") + href));
book_search_biquge(books, src, keyWord);
} } catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
} /**
* 获取书本详情 笔趣阁采集规则
* @param src 源目标
* @param bookUrl 书本链接
* @return Book对象
*/
public static Book book_details_biquge(Map<String, String> src, String bookUrl) {
Book book = new Book();
//采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(bookUrl, src.get("searchUrl"));
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html);
//书本链接
book.setBookUrl(doc.select("meta[property=og:url]").attr("content"));
//图片
book.setImg(doc.select("meta[property=og:image]").attr("content"));
//书名
book.setBookName(doc.select("div#info > h1").text());
//作者
book.setAuthor(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:author]").attr("content"));
//更新时间
book.setUpdateDate(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:update_time]").attr("content"));
//最新章节
book.setLatestChapter(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:latest_chapter_name]").attr("content"));
book.setLatestChapterUrl(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:latest_chapter_url]").attr("content"));
//类型
book.setType(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:category]").attr("content"));
//简介
book.setSynopsis(doc.select("meta[property=og:description]").attr("content"));
//状态
book.setStatus(doc.select("meta[property=og:novel:status]").attr("content")); //章节目录
ArrayList<Map<String, String>> chapters = new ArrayList<>();
for (Element result : doc.select("div#list dd")) {
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("chapterName", result.select("a").text());
map.put("url", result.select("a").attr("href"));
chapters.add(map);
}
book.setChapters(chapters); //来源
book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return book;
} /**
* 得到当前章节名以及完整内容跟上、下一章的链接地址 笔趣阁采集规则
* @param src 源目标
* @param chapterUrl 当前章节链接
* @param refererUrl 来源链接
* @return Book对象
*/
public static Book book_read_biquge(Map<String, String> src,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) {
Book book = new Book(); //当前章节链接
book.setNowChapterUrl(chapterUrl.contains("http") ? chapterUrl : (src.get("baseUrl") + chapterUrl)); //采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(book.getNowChapterUrl(), refererUrl);
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前章节名称
book.setNowChapter(doc.select("div.box_con > div.bookname > h1").text()); //删除图片广告
doc.select("div.box_con > div#content img").remove();
//当前章节内容
book.setNowChapterValue(doc.select("div.box_con > div#content").outerHtml()); //上、下一章
book.setPrevChapter(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)下一章)").text());
book.setPrevChapterUrl(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)下一章)").attr("href"));
book.setNextChapter(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)上一章)").text());
book.setNextChapterUrl(doc.select("div.bottem2 a:matches((?i)上一章)").attr("href")); //来源
book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return book;
}
}
BookHandler_zongheng
/**
* 纵横中文网采集规则
*/
public class BookHandler_zongheng { /**
* 来源信息
*/
public static HashMap<String, String> zongheng = new HashMap<>(); static {
//纵横中文网
zongheng.put("name", "纵横中文网");
zongheng.put("key", "zongheng");
zongheng.put("baseUrl", "http://www.zongheng.com");
zongheng.put("baseSearchUrl", "http://search.zongheng.com/s");
zongheng.put("UrlEncode", "UTF-8");
zongheng.put("searchUrl", "http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=#1&pageNo=#2&sort=");
} /**
* 获取search list 纵横中文网采集规则
*
* @param books 结果集合
* @param src 源目标
* @param keyWord 关键字
*/
public static void book_search_zongheng(ArrayList<Book> books, Map<String, String> src, String keyWord) {
//采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(src.get("searchUrl"), src.get("baseUrl"));
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前页集合
Elements resultList = doc.select("div.search-tab > div.search-result-list");
for (Element result : resultList) {
Book book = new Book();
//书本链接
book.setBookUrl(result.select("div.imgbox a").attr("href"));
//图片
book.setImg(result.select("div.imgbox img").attr("src"));
//书名
book.setBookName(result.select("h2.tit").text());
//作者
book.setAuthor(result.select("div.bookinfo > a").first().text());
//类型
book.setType(result.select("div.bookinfo > a").last().text());
//简介
book.setSynopsis(result.select("p").text());
//状态
book.setStatus(result.select("div.bookinfo > span").first().text());
//大小
book.setMagnitude(result.select("div.bookinfo > span").last().text());
//来源
book.setSource(src);
books.add(book);
} //下一页
Elements searchNext = doc.select("div.search_d_pagesize > a.search_d_next");
String href = searchNext.attr("href");
//最多只要888本，不然太慢了
if (books.size() < 888 && !StringUtils.isEmpty(href)) {
src.put("baseUrl", src.get("searchUrl"));
src.put("searchUrl", href.contains("http") ? href : (src.get("baseSearchUrl") + href));
book_search_zongheng(books, src, keyWord);
} } catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
} /**
* 获取书本详情 纵横中文网采集规则
* @param src 源目标
* @param bookUrl 书本链接
* @return Book对象
*/
public static Book book_details_zongheng(Map<String, String> src, String bookUrl) {
Book book = new Book();
//采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(bookUrl, src.get("searchUrl"));
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //书本链接
book.setBookUrl(bookUrl);
//图片
book.setImg(doc.select("div.book-img > img").attr("src"));
//书名
book.setBookName(doc.select("div.book-info > div.book-name").text());
//作者
book.setAuthor(doc.select("div.book-author div.au-name").text());
//更新时间
book.setUpdateDate(doc.select("div.book-new-chapter div.time").text());
//最新章节
book.setLatestChapter(doc.select("div.book-new-chapter div.tit a").text());
book.setLatestChapterUrl(doc.select("div.book-new-chapter div.tit a").attr("href"));
//类型
book.setType(doc.select("div.book-label > a").last().text());
//简介
book.setSynopsis(doc.select("div.book-dec > p").text());
//状态
book.setStatus(doc.select("div.book-label > a").first().text()); //章节目录
String chaptersUrl = doc.select("a.all-catalog").attr("href");
ArrayList<Map<String, String>> chapters = new ArrayList<>();
//采集术
for (Element result : Jsoup.parse(BookUtil.gather(chaptersUrl, bookUrl)).select("ul.chapter-list li")) {
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("chapterName", result.select("a").text());
map.put("url", result.select("a").attr("href"));
chapters.add(map);
}
book.setChapters(chapters);
//来源
book.setSource(src);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return book;
} /**
* 得到当前章节名以及完整内容跟上、下一章的链接地址 纵横中文网采集规则
* @param src 源目标
* @param chapterUrl 当前章节链接
* @param refererUrl 来源链接
* @return Book对象
*/
public static Book book_read_zongheng(Map<String, String> src,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) {
Book book = new Book(); //当前章节链接
book.setNowChapterUrl(chapterUrl.contains("http") ? chapterUrl : (src.get("baseUrl") + chapterUrl)); //采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(book.getNowChapterUrl(), refererUrl);
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前章节名称
book.setNowChapter(doc.select("div.title_txtbox").text()); //删除图片广告
doc.select("div.content img").remove();
//当前章节内容
book.setNowChapterValue(doc.select("div.content").outerHtml()); //上、下一章
book.setPrevChapter(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)下一章)").text());
book.setPrevChapterUrl(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)下一章)").attr("href"));
book.setNextChapter(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)上一章)").text());
book.setNextChapterUrl(doc.select("div.chap_btnbox a:matches((?i)上一章)").attr("href")); //来源
book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return book;
}
}
BookHandler_qidian
/**
* 起点中文网采集规则
*/
public class BookHandler_qidian { /**
* 来源信息
*/
public static HashMap<String, String> qidian = new HashMap<>(); static {
//起点中文网
qidian.put("name", "起点中文网");
qidian.put("key", "qidian");
qidian.put("baseUrl", "http://www.qidian.com");
qidian.put("baseSearchUrl", "https://www.qidian.com/search");
qidian.put("UrlEncode", "UTF-8");
qidian.put("searchUrl", "https://www.qidian.com/search?kw=#1&page=#2");
} /**
* 获取search list 起点中文网采集规则
*
* @param books 结果集合
* @param src 源目标
* @param keyWord 关键字
*/
public static void book_search_qidian(ArrayList<Book> books, Map<String, String> src, String keyWord) {
//采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(src.get("searchUrl"), src.get("baseUrl"));
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //当前页集合
Elements resultList = doc.select("li.res-book-item");
for (Element result : resultList) {
Book book = new Book();
/*
如果大家打断点在这里的话就会发现，起点的链接是这样的
//book.qidian.com/info/1012786368 以两个斜杠开头，不过无所谓，httpClient照样可以请求
*/
//书本链接
book.setBookUrl(result.select("div.book-img-box a").attr("href"));
//图片
book.setImg(result.select("div.book-img-box img").attr("src"));
//书名
book.setBookName(result.select("div.book-mid-info > h4").text());
//作者
book.setAuthor(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.author > a").first().text());
//类型
book.setType(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.author > a").last().text());
//简介
book.setSynopsis(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.intro").text());
//状态
book.setStatus(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.author > span").first().text());
//更新时间
book.setUpdateDate(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.update > span").text());
//最新章节
book.setLatestChapter(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.update > a").text());
book.setLatestChapterUrl(result.select("div.book-mid-info > p.update > a").attr("href"));
//来源
book.setSource(src);
books.add(book);
} //当前页
String page = doc.select("div#page-container").attr("data-page"); //最大页数
String pageMax = doc.select("div#page-container").attr("data-pageMax"); //当前页 < 最大页数
if (Integer.valueOf(page) < Integer.valueOf(pageMax)) {
src.put("baseUrl", src.get("searchUrl"));
//自己拼接下一页链接
src.put("searchUrl", src.get("searchUrl").replaceAll("page=" + Integer.valueOf(page), "page=" + (Integer.valueOf(page) + 1)));
book_search_qidian(books, src, keyWord);
} } catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
} /**
* 获取书本详情 起点中文网采集规则
* @param src 源目标
* @param bookUrl 书本链接
* @return Book对象
*/
public static Book book_details_qidian(Map<String, String> src, String bookUrl) {
Book book = new Book(); //https
bookUrl = "https:" + bookUrl; //采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(bookUrl, src.get("searchUrl"));
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); //书本链接
book.setBookUrl(bookUrl);
//图片
String img = doc.select("div.book-img > a#bookImg > img").attr("src");
img = "https:" + img;
book.setImg(img);
//书名
book.setBookName(doc.select("div.book-info > h1 > em").text());
//作者
book.setAuthor(doc.select("div.book-info > h1 a.writer").text());
//更新时间
book.setUpdateDate(doc.select("li.update em.time").text());
//最新章节
book.setLatestChapter(doc.select("li.update a").text());
book.setLatestChapterUrl(doc.select("li.update a").attr("href"));
//类型
book.setType(doc.select("p.tag > span").first().text());
//简介
book.setSynopsis(doc.select("div.book-intro > p").text());
//状态
book.setStatus(doc.select("p.tag > a").first().text()); //章节目录 //创建httpclient对象 (这里设置成全局变量，相对于同一个请求session、cookie会跟着携带过去)
BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();
//创建get方式请求对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("https://book.qidian.com/");
httpGet.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
//包装一下
httpGet.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36");
httpGet.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");
//通过请求对象获取响应对象
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//获得Cookies
String _csrfToken = "";
List<Cookie> cookies = cookieStore.getCookies();
for (int i = 0; i < cookies.size(); i++) {
if("_csrfToken".equals(cookies.get(i).getName())){
_csrfToken = cookies.get(i).getValue();
}
} //构造post
String bookId = doc.select("div.book-img a#bookImg").attr("data-bid");
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(BookUtil.insertParams("https://book.qidian.com/ajax/book/category?_csrfToken=#1&bookId=#2",_csrfToken,bookId));
httpPost.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36");
httpPost.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");
//通过请求对象获取响应对象
CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
//获取结果实体(json格式字符串)
String chaptersJson = "";
if (response1.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
chaptersJson = EntityUtils.toString(response1.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
} //java处理json
ArrayList<Map<String, String>> chapters = new ArrayList<>(); JSONObject jsonArray = JSONObject.fromObject(chaptersJson);
Map<String,Object> objectMap = (Map<String, Object>) jsonArray; Map<String, Object> objectMap_data = (Map<String, Object>) objectMap.get("data");
List<Map<String, Object>> objectMap_data_vs = (List<Map<String, Object>>) objectMap_data.get("vs");
for(Map<String, Object> vs : objectMap_data_vs){
List<Map<String, Object>> cs = (List<Map<String, Object>>) vs.get("cs");
for(Map<String, Object> chapter : cs){
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("chapterName", (String) chapter.get("cN"));
map.put("url", "https://read.qidian.com/chapter/"+(String) chapter.get("cU"));
chapters.add(map);
}
} book.setChapters(chapters); //来源
book.setSource(src); //释放链接
response.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return book;
} /**
* 得到当前章节名以及完整内容跟上、下一章的链接地址 起点中文网采集规则
* @param src 源目标
* @param chapterUrl 当前章节链接
* @param refererUrl 来源链接
* @return Book对象
*/
public static Book book_read_qidian(Map<String, String> src,String chapterUrl,String refererUrl) {
Book book = new Book(); //当前章节链接
book.setNowChapterUrl(chapterUrl.contains("http") ? chapterUrl : (src.get("baseUrl") + chapterUrl)); //采集术
String html = BookUtil.gather(book.getNowChapterUrl(), refererUrl);
try {
//解析html格式的字符串成一个Document
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); System.out.println(html); //当前章节名称
book.setNowChapter(doc.select("h3.j_chapterName").text()); //删除图片广告
doc.select("div.read-content img").remove();
//当前章节内容
book.setNowChapterValue(doc.select("div.read-content").outerHtml()); //上、下一章
book.setPrevChapter(doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)下一章)").text());
String prev = doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)下一章)").attr("href");
prev = "https:"+prev;
book.setPrevChapterUrl(prev);
book.setNextChapter(doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)上一章)").text());
String next = doc.select("div.chapter-control a:matches((?i)上一章)").attr("href");
next = "https:"+next;
book.setNextChapterUrl(next); //来源
book.setSource(src); } catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("采集数据操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return book;
}
}
四个html页面：
book_index
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线-->
<!--suppress ALL -->
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>MY BOOK</title>
<!-- 新 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<style> body{
background-color: antiquewhite;
} .main{
margin: auto;
width: 500px;
margin-top: 150px;
} #bookName{
width: 300px;
} #title{
text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main">
<h2 id="title">MY BOOK</h2>
<form class="form-inline" method="get" th:action="@{/book/search}">
来源
<select class="form-control" id="source" name="sourceKey">
<option value="">所有</option>
<option value="biquge">笔趣阁</option>
<option value="zongheng">纵横网</option>
<option value="qidian">起点网</option>
</select>
<input type="text" id="bookName" name="bookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入..."/>
<button class="btn btn-info" type="submit">搜索</button>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
book_list
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线-->
<!--suppress ALL -->
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>BOOK LIST</title>
<!-- 新 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://hanlei.online/Onlineaddress/layui/css/layui.css"/>
<style>
body {
background-color: antiquewhite;
} .main {
margin: auto;
width: 500px;
margin-top: 50px;
} .book {
border-bottom: solid #428bca 1px;
} .click-book-detail, .click-book-read {
cursor: pointer;
color: #428bca;
} .click-book-detail:hover {
color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47);
} .click-book-read:hover {
color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main">
<form class="form-inline" method="get" th:action="@{/book/search}">
来源
<select class="form-control" id="source" name="sourceKey">
<option value="">所有</option>
<option value="biquge" th:selected="${sourceKey} == 'biquge'">笔趣阁</option>
<option value="zongheng" th:selected="${sourceKey} == 'zongheng'">纵横网</option>
<option value="qidian" th:selected="${sourceKey} == 'qidian'">起点网</option>
</select>
<input type="text" id="bookName" name="bookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入..."
th:value="${keyWord}"/>
<button class="btn btn-info" type="submit">搜索</button>
</form>
<br/>
<div id="books"></div>
<div id="page"></div>
</div>
</body>
<!-- jquery在线版本 -->
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="http://hanlei.online/Onlineaddress/layui/layui.js"></script>
<script th:inline="javascript">
var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/'';
var books = [[${books}]];//取出后台数据
var nums = 10; //每页出现的数量
var pages = books.length; //总数 /**
* 传入当前页，根据nums去计算，从books集合截取对应数据做展示
*/
var thisDate = function (curr) {
var str = "",//当前页需要展示的html
first = (curr * nums - nums),//展示的第一条数据的下标
last = curr * nums - 1;//展示的最后一条数据的下标
last = last >= books.length ? (books.length - 1) : last;
for (var i = first; i <= last; i++) {
var book = books[i];
str += "<div class='book'>" +
"<img class='click-book-detail' data-bookurl='" + book.bookUrl + "' data-sourcekey='" + book.source.key + "' data-searchurl='" + book.source.searchUrl + "' src='" + book.img + "'></img>" +
"<p class='click-book-detail' data-bookurl='" + book.bookUrl + "' data-sourcekey='" + book.source.key + "' data-searchurl='" + book.source.searchUrl + "'>书名：" + book.bookName + "</p>" +
"<p>作者：" + book.author + "</p>" +
"<p>简介：" + book.synopsis + "</p>" +
"<p class='click-book-read' data-chapterurl='" + book.latestChapterUrl + "' data-sourcekey='" + book.source.key + "' data-refererurl='" + book.source.refererurl + "'>最新章节：" + book.latestChapter + "</p>" +
"<p>更新时间：" + book.updateDate + "</p>" +
"<p>大小：" + book.magnitude + "</p>" +
"<p>状态：" + book.status + "</p>" +
"<p>类型：" + book.type + "</p>" +
"<p>来源：" + book.source.name + "</p>" +
"</div><br/>";
}
return str;
}; //获取一个laypage实例
layui.use('laypage', function () {
var laypage = layui.laypage; //调用laypage 逻辑分页
laypage.render({
elem: 'page',
count: pages,
limit: nums,
jump: function (obj) {
//obj包含了当前分页的所有参数，比如：
// console.log(obj.curr); //得到当前页，以便向服务端请求对应页的数据。
// console.log(obj.limit); //得到每页显示的条数
document.getElementById('books').innerHTML = thisDate(obj.curr);
},
prev: '<',
next: '>',
theme: '#f9c357',
})
}); $("body").on("click", ".click-book-detail", function (even) {
var bookUrl = $(this).data("bookurl");
var searchUrl = $(this).data("searchurl");
var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey");
window.location.href = ctx + "/book/details?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&searchUrl=" + searchUrl + "&bookUrl=" + bookUrl;
});
$("body").on("click", ".click-book-read", function (even) {
var chapterUrl = $(this).data("chapterurl");
var refererUrl = $(this).data("refererurl");
var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey");
window.location.href = ctx + "/book/read?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&refererUrl=" + refererUrl + "&chapterUrl=" + chapterUrl;
});
</script>
</html>
book_details
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线-->
<!--suppress ALL -->
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>BOOK DETAILS</title>
<!-- 新 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://cdn.static.runoob.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://hanlei.online/Onlineaddress/layui/css/layui.css"/>
<style>
body {
background-color: antiquewhite;
} .main {
margin: auto;
width: 500px;
margin-top: 150px;
} .book {
border-bottom: solid #428bca 1px;
} .click-book-detail, .click-book-read {
cursor: pointer;
color: #428bca;
} .click-book-detail:hover {
color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47);
} .click-book-read:hover {
color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47);
} a {
color: #428bca;
} </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main">
<div class='book'>
<div id="bookImg"></div>
<p>书名：<span th:text="${book.bookName}"></span></p>
<p>作者：<span th:text="${book.author}"></span></p>
<p>简介：<span th:text="${book.synopsis}"></span></p>
<p>最新章节：<a th:href="${book.latestChapterUrl}" th:text="${book.latestChapter}"></a></p>
<p>更新时间：<span th:text="${book.updateDate}"></span></p>
<p>大小：<span th:text="${book.magnitude}"></span></p>
<p>状态：<span th:text="${book.status}"></span></p>
<p>类型：<span th:text="${book.type}"></span></p>
<p>来源：<span th:text="${book.source.name}"></span></p>
</div>
<br/>
<div class="chapters" th:each="chapter,iterStat:${book.chapters}">
<p class="click-book-read" th:attr="data-chapterurl=${chapter.url},data-sourcekey=${book.source.key},data-refererurl=${book.bookUrl}" th:text="${chapter.chapterName}"></p>
</div>
</div>
</body>
<!-- jquery在线版本 -->
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script th:inline="javascript">
var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/'';
var book = [[${book}]];//取出后台数据 /**
* 反防盗链
*/
function showImg(parentObj, url) {
//来一个随机数
var frameid = 'frameimg' + Math.random();
//放在（父页面）window里面 iframe的script标签里面绑定了window.onload，作用：设置iframe的高度、宽度 <script>window.onload = function() { parent.document.getElementById(\'' + frameid + '\').height = document.getElementById(\'img\').height+\'px\'; }<' + '/script>
window.img = '<img src=\'' + url + '?' + Math.random() + '\'/>';
//iframe调用parent.img
$(parentObj).append('<iframe id="' + frameid + '" src="javascript:parent.img;" frameBorder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>');
} showImg($("#bookImg"), book.img); $("body").on("click", ".click-book-read", function (even) {
var chapterUrl = $(this).data("chapterurl");
var refererUrl = $(this).data("refererurl");
var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey");
window.location.href = ctx + "/book/read?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&refererUrl=" + refererUrl + "&chapterUrl=" + chapterUrl;
}); </script>
</html>
book_read
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--解决idea thymeleaf 表达式模板报红波浪线-->
<!--suppress ALL -->
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>BOOK READ</title>
<style>
body {
background-color: antiquewhite;
} .main {
padding: 10px 20px;
} .click-book-detail, .click-book-read {
cursor: pointer;
color: #428bca;
} .click-book-detail:hover {
color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47);
} .click-book-read:hover {
color: rgba(150, 149, 162, 0.47);
} .float-left{
float: left;
margin-left: 70px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main">
<!-- 章节名称 -->
<h3 th:text="${book.nowChapter}"></h3>
<!-- 章节内容 -->
<p th:utext="${book.nowChapterValue}"></p>
<!-- 上、下章 -->
<p class="click-book-read float-left"
th:attr="data-chapterurl=${book.nextChapterUrl},data-sourcekey=${book.source.key},data-refererurl=${book.nowChapterUrl}"
th:text="${book.nextChapter}"></p>
<p class="click-book-read float-left"
th:attr="data-chapterurl=${book.prevChapterUrl},data-sourcekey=${book.source.key},data-refererurl=${book.nowChapterUrl}"
th:text="${book.prevChapter}"></p>
</div>
</body>
<!-- jquery在线版本 -->
<script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script th:inline="javascript">
var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/'';
$("body").on("click", ".click-book-read", function (even) {
var chapterUrl = $(this).data("chapterurl");
var refererUrl = $(this).data("refererurl");
var sourceKey = $(this).data("sourcekey");
window.location.href = ctx + "/book/read?sourceKey=" + sourceKey + "&refererUrl=" + refererUrl + "&chapterUrl=" + chapterUrl;
});
</script>
</html>
补充
2019-07-17补充：我们之前三个来源网站的baseUrl都是用http，但网站后面都升级成了https，例如笔趣阁：
导致抓取数据时报错
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:192)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1949)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:302)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:296)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:1514)
at sun.security.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:216)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:1026)
at sun.security.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:961)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1062)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1375)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1403)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1387)
at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:396)
at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:355)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:142)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:373)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:381)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:237)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:185)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:89)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:111)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:185)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:83)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:108)
at cn.huanzi.qch.spider.novelreading.util.BookUtil.gather(BookUtil.java:81)
at cn.huanzi.qch.spider.novelreading.pojo.BookHandler_biquge.book_search_biquge(BookHandler_biquge.java:43)
at cn.huanzi.qch.spider.novelreading.controller.BookContrller.search(BookContrller.java:78)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:215)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:142)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:102)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:895)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:800)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1038)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:942)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:998)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:890)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:634)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:875)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:741)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:92)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:490)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:74)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:408)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:770)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1415)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
解决办法：参考https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49865335，绕过证书验证
在BookUtil.java中新增方法
/**
* 绕过SSL验证
*/
private static SSLContext createIgnoreVerifySSL() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSLv3"); // 实现一个X509TrustManager接口，用于绕过验证，不用修改里面的方法
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
String paramString) throws CertificateException {
} @Override
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
String paramString) throws CertificateException {
} @Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
}; sc.init(null, new TrustManager[]{trustManager}, null);
return sc;
}
然后在gather方法中改成这样获取httpClient
/**
* 采集当前url完整response实体.toString()
*
* @param url url
* @return response实体.toString()
*/
public static String gather(String url, String refererUrl) {
String result = null;
try {
//采用绕过验证的方式处理https请求
SSLContext sslcontext = createIgnoreVerifySSL(); // 设置协议http和https对应的处理socket链接工厂的对象
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext))
.build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager); //创建自定义的httpclient对象
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build(); //创建httpclient对象 (这里设置成全局变量，相对于同一个请求session、cookie会跟着携带过去)
// CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //创建get方式请求对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
httpGet.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
//包装一下
httpGet.addHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36");
httpGet.addHeader("Referer", refererUrl);
httpGet.addHeader("Connection", "keep-alive"); //通过请求对象获取响应对象
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
//获取结果实体
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "GBK");
} //释放链接
response.close();
}
//这里还可以捕获超时异常，重新连接抓取
catch (Exception e) {
result = null;
System.err.println("采集操作出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
这样就可以正常抓取了
我们之前获取项目路径用的是
var ctx = /*[[@{/}]]*/'';
突然发现不行了，跳转的路径直接是/开头，现在改成这样获取
//项目路径
var ctx = [[${#request.getContextPath()}]];
2019-08-01补充：大家如果看到有这个报错，连接被重置，不要慌张，有可能是网站换域名了比如现在我们程序请求的是http://www.biquge.com.tw，但这个网址已经不能访问了，笔趣阁已经改成https://www.biqudu.net/，我们改一下代码就可以解决问题，要注意检查各个源路径是否能正常访问，同时对方也可能改页面格式，导致我们之前的规则无法匹配获取数据，这种情况只能重新编写爬取规则了
2019-08-02补充：发现了个bug，我们的BookUtil.insertParams方法原理是替换#字符串
/**
* 自动注入参数
* 例如：
*
* @param src http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=#1&pageNo=#2&sort=
* @param params "斗破苍穹","1"
* @return http://search.zongheng.com/s?keyword=斗破苍穹&pageNo=1&sort=
*/
public static String insertParams(String src, String... params) {
int i = 1;
for (String param : params) {
src = src.replaceAll("#" + i, param);
i++;
}
return src;
}
但是我们在搜索的时候，调用参数自动注入，形参src的值是来自静态属性Map，初始化的时候有两个#字符串，在进行第一次搜索之后，#字符串被替换了，后面再进行搜索注入参数已经没有#字符串了，因此后面的搜索结果都是第一次的结果...
解决：获取来源时不是用=赋值，而是复制一份，三个方法都要改
修改前：
//获取来源详情
Map<String, String> src = source.get(sourceKey);
修改后：
//获取来源详情，复制一份
Map<String, String> src = new HashMap<>();
src.putAll(source.get(sourceKey));
多端开发
公司最近打算做手机端，学习了DCloud公司的uni-app，开发工具是HBuilderX，并用我们的小说爬虫学习、练手，做了个H5手机端的页面
DCloud公司官网：https://www.dcloud.io/
uni-app官网：https://uniapp.dcloud.io/
uni-app 是一个使用 Vue.js 开发所有前端应用的框架，开发者编写一套代码，可编译到iOS、Android、H5、以及各种小程序等多个平台。
效果图：
代码开源
代码已经开源、托管到我的GitHub、码云：
GitHub：https://github.com/huanzi-qch/spider
码云：https://gitee.com/huanzi-qch/spider