Ubuntu下安装Nginx,PHP5(及PHP-FPM),MySQL2012-09-15 11:12:31
标签：php mysql ubuntu nginx php-fpm
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环境：ubuntu 12.0.4 LTSnginx(发音"engine x")是一个*，开放源码，高性能的HTTP server。Nginx以稳定性，丰富的功能集,简单的配置，和低资源消耗而出名。本文将向你展示怎么在ubuntu 12.0.4 LTS 上安装Nginx,php5(及php-fpm),mysql。 一：安装前做个简单的说明我使用的域名为example.com,ip地址是218.198.177.252。你可以视具体情况更改这些设置。在下文中我将使用root权限安装所需软件，所以请先切换到root用户：sudo su 二：安装MySQL apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client 安装过程会提示你为MySQL root 用户提供一个密码----这个密码对 root@localhost可用，同时对root@example.com也可用，因此你需要手动为MySQL root用户指定一个密码：New password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpasswordRepeat password for the MySQL "root" user: <-- yourrootsqlpassword 三：安装Nginx apt-get install nginx 1，启动nginx/etc/init.d/nginx start 2，打开浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1,如果看到Welcome to nginx!,则说明安装成功，ubuntu 12.0.4 LTS上nginx默认的网站根目录在 /usr/share/nginx/www。 四：安装PHP5PHP5可以在nginx上通过PHP-FPM（PHP—FPM（FastCGI Process Manager) 是一个可选的 FastCGI，添加了一些了一些很有用的特性，特别是对于繁忙的站点）工作。说明：Nginx不支持对外部程序的直接调用或解析，所有的外部程序（包括PHP）必须通过FastCGI接口调用。 apt-get install php5-fpm PHP-FPM是一个守护进程（init脚本文件在/etc/init.d/php5-fpm),它运行了一个FastCGI server,端口是 9000。 五：配置 nginx，以下是我本机的配置文件。 1，nginx的配置文件在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf, vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 如下： user www-data; //指定Nginx Worker 进程运行用户及用户组worker_processes 4; / /指定Nginx开启的进程数，每个Nginx进程平均耗费10M-20M内存。pid /var/run/nginx.pid; //用来指定进程id的存储文件的位置 events { //用来指定Nginx的工作模式，及连接上限数 use epoll； worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on;} http { ## # Basic Settings //基本的设置 ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings //指定日志的存放路径 ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings //开启Gzip 压缩 ## gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_vary on; gzip_proxied any; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # nginx-naxsi config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi ## #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules; ## # nginx-passenger config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger ## #passenger_root /usr; #passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; ## # Virtual Host Configs //虚拟主机的配置 ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; }#mail {# # See sample authentication script at:# # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript## # auth_http localhost/auth.php;# # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";# # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";## server {# listen localhost:110;# protocol pop3;# proxy on;# }## server {# listen localhost:143;# protocol imap;# proxy on;# }#} 2，虚拟主机被定义在server{}中，默认文件在/etc/nginx/sites-available/default，vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default。 server { listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /usr/share/nginx/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name _; location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /doc { root /usr/share; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } location /images { root /usr/share; autoindex off; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/www; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; }} 3，保存文件，使配置生效 /etc/init.d/nginx reload 4，在Nginx的默认网站根目录创建一个PHP的测试文件 vim /usr/share/nginx/www/info.php <? phpphpinfo();?> 5，打开浏览器输入http://127.0.0.1/info.php 你可以看见PHP5已经通过FPM/FastCGI工作了，具体可看Server API那行。向下滚动可以看见所有的模块在PHP5中都是可用的，MySQL还没有被列出来，意味着MySQL还没支持PHP5。 六：让MySQL支持PHP5 1，让MySQL支持PHP5，我们可以安装php5-mysql包。其余的包，我们可以按需安装所需要的包，用apt-cache search php5列出PHP的包，看下那个是你所需要的。 2，选择一些你所需要的包，象这样安装：apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl 3，重启PHP-FPM/etc/init.d/php5-fpm restart 4，打开浏览器，输入http://127.0.0.1/info.php，看下你安装的包是不是已经被支持了。 七：配置PHP-FPM， vim /etc/php5/fpm/php-fpm.conf 或在 vim /etc/php5/fpm/conf.d/下做更详细的配置，不懂真人的默认就行了 ，也不优化了。 八：在/etc/nginx/sites-available/default中新增一个虚拟主机，看下效果。 我的配置文件： server { listen 80 ; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied# listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /web/example; index index.php index.html index.htm; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name 218.198.177.252 example.com ; //这个和apache一样的啦，写域名就行了 location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } location /doc/ { alias /usr/share/doc/; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } # Only for nginx-naxsi : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # For example, return an error code #return 418; #} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /web/example; } location ~ \.php$ { //nginx处理静态的页面，动态的转给FastCGI处理 # fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # # # With php5-cgi alone: fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # # With php5-fpm: # fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; }}
看下效果了，如过你的不成功，自己检查下.... 
参考资料：1，http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-nginx-with-php5-and-php-fpm-and-mysql-support-on-ubuntu-11.102，http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-nginx-with-php5-and-php-fpm-and-mysql-support-on-ubuntu-11.10-p23，张宴的《实战Nginx：取代Apache的高性能Web服务器》 本文出自 “不懂真人--blog” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://budongzhenren.blog.51cto.com/2288320/991365
