使用docker官方镜像安装mysql服务
1 拉取mysql镜像，采用网易加速地址
docker pull hub.c.163.com/library/mysql:5.7
2 重命名镜像名
docker tag hub.c.163.com/library/mysql:5.7 mysql:5.7
3. 创建用于挂载的目录
[root@WSyHRQ171356 mysql]# mkdir -p /mysql/datadir /mysql/conf.d
/mysql/datadir #用于挂载mysql数据文件
/mysql/conf.d #用于挂载mysql配置文件
4. 使用镜像创建容器
[root@WSyHRQ171356 mysql]# docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -v /mysql/datadir:/var/lib/mysql -v /mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=mysql密码 mysql:5.7
命令解析：
-d：后台运行容器
-p：映射宿主主机端口
--name：容器名
-v：挂载宿主目录到容器目录
-e：设置环境变量，此处指定root密码
5. 设置mysql默认编码
[root@WSyHRQ171356 mysql]# vi /mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
内容如下：
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
default-time-zone=timezone
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
skip-name-resolve #跳过DNS解析，加快远程连接速度
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
6. 重启mysql
[root@WSyHRQ171356 mysql]# docker restart mysql
7. 进入mysql查询编码
[root@WSyHRQ171356 mysql]# docker exec -it mysql bash
root@29ac5990c680:/# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
8. 创建mysql远程用户
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
9. 刷新生效
flush privileges;
10. 最后回到主机重启mysql即可
mysql> quit
Bye
root@29ac5990c680:/# exit
[root@WSyHRQ171356 mysql]# docker restart mysql
mysql
[root@WSyHRQ171356 mysql]#