Nginx常见的安装方式
作者：尹正杰
版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。
一.Nginx概述
Nginx的安装版本分为开发版、稳定版和过期版， Nginx安装可以使用yum或源码安装，但是推荐使用源码安装,原因如下:
>.是yum的版本比较旧;
>.是编译安装可以更方便自定义相关路径;
>.是使用源码编译可以自定义相关功能，更方便业务的上的使用。 源码安装需要提前准备以下环境:
标准的编译器，GCC的全称是(GNU Compiler collection),其有GNU开发，并以GPL即LGPL许可，是*的类UNIX即苹果电脑Mac OS X操作系统的标准编译器，因为GCC原本只能处理C语言，所以原名为GNU C语言编译器，后来得到快速发展，可以处理C++,Fortran，pascal，objective-C，java以及Ada等其他语言
此外还需要Automake工具，以完成自动创建Makefile的工作
Nginx的一些模块需要依赖第三方库，比如pcre（支持rewrite），zlib（支持gzip模块）和openssl（支持ssl模块）等。
二.yum方式安装nginx(生产环境中进来不要使用yum方式安装nginx，尽管它的安装方式很简单)
1>.查看nginx官网提供的安装包
2>.如下图所示，选择相应的操作系统
3>.查看CentOS基于yum方式安装nginx的官网文档(http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#RHEL-CentOS)
4>.根据官方文档基于yum方式安装nginx实战
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install yum-utils
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* epel: hk.mirrors.thegigabit.com
* extras: mirror.jdcloud.com
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yum-utils.noarch :1.1.-.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-kitchen for package: yum-utils-1.1.-.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: libxml2-python for package: yum-utils-1.1.-.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libxml2-python.x86_64 :2.9.-.el7_2. will be installed
---> Package python-kitchen.noarch :1.1.-.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-chardet for package: python-kitchen-1.1.-.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-chardet.noarch :2.2.-.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
yum-utils noarch 1.1.-.el7 base k
Installing for dependencies:
libxml2-python x86_64 2.9.-.el7_2. base k
python-chardet noarch 2.2.-.el7 base k
python-kitchen noarch 1.1.-.el7 base k Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================
Install Package (+ Dependent packages) Total download size: k
Installed size: 4.3 M
Downloading packages:
(/): python-chardet-2.2.-.el7.noarch.rpm | kB ::
(/): libxml2-python-2.9.-.el7_2..x86_64.rpm | kB ::
(/): yum-utils-1.1.-.el7.noarch.rpm | kB ::
(/): python-kitchen-1.1.-.el7.noarch.rpm | kB ::
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.9 MB/s | kB ::
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : python-chardet-2.2.-.el7.noarch /
Installing : python-kitchen-1.1.-.el7.noarch /
Installing : libxml2-python-2.9.-.el7_2..x86_64 /
Installing : yum-utils-1.1.-.el7.noarch /
Verifying : python-kitchen-1.1.-.el7.noarch /
Verifying : yum-utils-1.1.-.el7.noarch /
Verifying : libxml2-python-2.9.-.el7_2..x86_64 /
Verifying : python-chardet-2.2.-.el7.noarch / Installed:
yum-utils.noarch :1.1.-.el7 Dependency Installed:
libxml2-python.x86_64 :2.9.-.el7_2. python-chardet.noarch :2.2.-.el7 python-kitchen.noarch :1.1.-.el7 Complete!
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install yum-utils #安装依赖包
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo #手动创建nginx.repo文件
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
enabled=
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true [nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=
enabled=
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum list nginx #可以确认咱们的配置生效了
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
Available Packages
nginx.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo #手动创建nginx.repo文件
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum list nginx*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
Available Packages
nginx.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-all-modules.noarch :1.16.-.el7 epel
nginx-debug.x86_64 :1.8.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-filesystem.noarch :1.16.-.el7 epel
nginx-mod-http-image-filter.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7 epel
nginx-mod-http-perl.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7 epel
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7 epel
nginx-mod-mail.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7 epel
nginx-mod-stream.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7 epel
nginx-module-geoip.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-geoip-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-image-filter.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-image-filter-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-njs.x86_64 :1.16.1.0.3.7-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-njs-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.16.1.0.3.7-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-perl.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-perl-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-xslt.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-module-xslt-debuginfo.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
nginx-nr-agent.noarch 2.0.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum list nginx* #可以看到yum源所有nginx版本
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx nginx-stable k Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================
Install Package Total download size: k
Installed size: 2.7 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64//nginx-stable/packages/nginx-1.16.-.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7bd9bf62: NOKEY1 kB/s | kB :: ETA
Public key for nginx-1.16.-.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm is not installed
nginx-1.16.-.el7.ngx.x86_64.rpm | kB ::
Retrieving key from https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
Importing GPG key 0x7BD9BF62:
Userid : "nginx signing key <signing-key@nginx.com>"
Fingerprint: 573b fd6b 3d8f bc64 a6ab abf5 bd82 7bd9 bf62
From : https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : :nginx-1.16.-.el7.ngx.x86_64 /
---------------------------------------------------------------------- Thanks for using nginx! Please find the official documentation for nginx here:
* http://nginx.org/en/docs/ Please subscribe to nginx-announce mailing list to get
the most important news about nginx:
* http://nginx.org/en/support.html Commercial subscriptions for nginx are available on:
* http://nginx.com/products/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Verifying : :nginx-1.16.-.el7.ngx.x86_64 / Installed:
nginx.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7.ngx Complete!
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install nginx #安装nginx
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/modules
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx-debug
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx-debug.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
/usr/lib64/nginx
/usr/lib64/nginx/modules
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/check-reload
/usr/libexec/initscripts/legacy-actions/nginx/upgrade
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx-debug
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.16.
/usr/share/doc/nginx-1.16./COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/man/man8/nginx..gz
/usr/share/nginx
/usr/share/nginx/html
/usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/var/cache/nginx
/var/log/nginx
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# rpm -ql nginx #查看安装nginx服务时都生成了哪些文件或目录。
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# rpm -qi nginx
Name : nginx
Epoch :
Version : 1.16.
Release : .el7.ngx
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Sun Dec :: AM CST
Group : System Environment/Daemons
Size :
License : -clause BSD-like license
Signature : RSA/SHA1, Wed Aug :: AM CST, Key ID abf5bd827bd9bf62
Source RPM : nginx-1.16.-.el7.ngx.src.rpm
Build Date : Tue Aug :: PM CST
Build Host : centos74-amd64-builder-builder.gnt.nginx.com
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Vendor : Nginx, Inc.
URL : http://nginx.org/
Summary : High performance web server
Description :
nginx [engine x] is an HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as
a mail proxy server.
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# rpm -qi nginx #查看nginx安装包相关信息
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target [Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID [Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service #查看默认nginx启动脚本
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start nginx #启动nginx服务
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root : ? :: nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx : ? :: nginx: worker process
root : pts/ :: grep --color=auto nginx
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start nginx #启动nginx服务,启动后就可以访问到web界面啦，如下图所示。
5>.基于epel源安装nginx
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.jdcloud.com
* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch :- will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
epel-release noarch - extras k Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================
Install Package Total download size: k
Installed size: k
Downloading packages:
epel-release--.noarch.rpm | kB ::
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : epel-release--.noarch /
Verifying : epel-release--.noarch / Installed:
epel-release.noarch :- Complete!
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum list nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink | 7.6 kB ::
* base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.jdcloud.com
* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
epel | 5.3 kB ::
(/): epel/x86_64/group_gz | kB ::
(/): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB ::
(/): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB ::
Available Packages
nginx.x86_64 :1.16.-.el7 epel
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
三.编译方式安装nginx
1>.下载nginx长期支持版本
博主推荐阅读：
https://nginx.org/en/download.html
2>.如上图所示，将下载的软件上传到服务器进行后续的安装操作，如果服务器有网络的情况下，也可以直接在互联网下载
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install wget
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
base | 3.6 kB ::
extras | 2.9 kB ::
updates | 2.9 kB ::
(/): base//x86_64/group_gz | kB ::
(/): extras//x86_64/primary_db | kB ::
(/): base//x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB ::
(/): updates//x86_64/primary_db | 5.8 MB ::
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package wget.x86_64 :1.14-.el7_6. will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
wget x86_64 1.14-.el7_6. base k Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================
Install Package Total download size: k
Installed size: 2.0 M
Downloading packages:
wget-1.14-.el7_6..x86_64.rpm | kB ::
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : wget-1.14-.el7_6..x86_64 /
Verifying : wget-1.14-.el7_6..x86_64 / Installed:
wget.x86_64 :1.14-.el7_6. Complete!
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install wget #安装下载工具
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
---- ::-- https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
Resolving nginx.org (nginx.org)... 95.211.80.227, 62.210.92.35, :1af8::a004:::e3
Connecting to nginx.org (nginx.org)|95.211.80.227|:... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... OK
Length: (992K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘nginx-1.14..tar.gz’ %[==================================================================================================================================>] ,, .5KB/s in 85s -- :: (11.7 KB/s) - ‘nginx-1.14..tar.gz’ saved [/] [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
3>.解压nginx文件
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# ll
total
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec nginx-1.14..tar.gz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# tar -xf nginx-1.14..tar.gz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# ll
total
drwxr-xr-x Dec nginx-1.14.
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec nginx-1.14..tar.gz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# tar -xf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
4>.准备编译安装的基础环境
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install vim lrzsz tree screen psmisc lsof tcpdump wget ntpdate gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel systemd-devel net-tools iotop bc zip unzip zlib-devel bash-completion nfs-utils automake libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel perl perl-ExtUtils-Embed
gcc为GNU Compiler Collection的缩写，可以编译C和C++源代码等，它是GNU开发的C和C++以及其他很多种语言的编译器（最早的时候只能编译C，后来很快进化成一个编译多种语言的集合，如Fortran、Pascal、Objective-C、Java、Ada、 Go等。） gcc 在编译C++源代码的阶段，只能编译 C++ 源文件，而不能自动和 C++ 程序使用的库链接（编译过程分为编译、链接两个阶段，注意不要和可执行文件这个概念搞混，相对可执行文件来说有三个重要的概念：编译（compile）、链接（link）、加载（load）。源程序文件被编译成目标文件，多个目标文件连同库被链接成一个最终的可执行文件，可执行文件被加载到内存中运行）。因此，通常使用 g++ 命令来完成 C++ 程序的编译和连接，该程序会自动调用 gcc 实现编译。 gcc-c++也能编译C源代码，只不过把会把它当成C++源代码，后缀为.c的，gcc把它当作是C程序，而g++当作是c++程序；后缀为.cpp的，两者都会认为是c++程序，注意，虽然c++是c的超集，但是两者对语法的要求是有区别的。 automake是一个从Makefile.am文件自动生成Makefile.in的工具。为了生成Makefile.in，automake还需用到perl，由于automake创建的发布完全遵循GNU标准，所以在创建中不需要perl。libtool是一款方便生成各种程序库的工具。
pcre pcre-devel：在Nginx编译需要 PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expression)，因为Nginx的Rewrite模块和HTTP 核心模块会使用到PCRE正则表达式语法。 zlip zlib-devel：nginx启用压缩功能的时候，需要此模块的支持。 openssl openssl-devel：开启SSL的时候需要此模块的支持。
5>.配置nginx模块(该步骤会检查nginx编译时需要的环境，如依赖包等，若不满足则会在配置过程中失败，并且会生成一个)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# ll
total
drwxr-xr-x Dec nginx-1.14.
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec nginx-1.14..tar.gz
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src]# cd nginx-1.14.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# ll
total
drwxr-xr-x Dec : auto
-rw-r--r-- Dec CHANGES
-rw-r--r-- Dec CHANGES.ru
drwxr-xr-x Dec : conf
-rwxr-xr-x Dec configure
drwxr-xr-x Dec : contrib
drwxr-xr-x Dec : html
-rw-r--r-- Dec LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x Dec : man
-rw-r--r-- Dec README
drwxr-xr-x Dec : src
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# file configure
configure: POSIX shell script, ASCII text executable
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# ./configure --help --help print this message --prefix=PATH set installation prefix
--sbin-path=PATH set nginx binary pathname
--modules-path=PATH set modules path
--conf-path=PATH set nginx.conf pathname
--error-log-path=PATH set error log pathname
--pid-path=PATH set nginx.pid pathname
--lock-path=PATH set nginx.lock pathname --user=USER set non-privileged user for
worker processes
--group=GROUP set non-privileged group for
worker processes --build=NAME set build name
--builddir=DIR set build directory --with-select_module enable select module
--without-select_module disable select module
--with-poll_module enable poll module
--without-poll_module disable poll module --with-threads enable thread pool support --with-file-aio enable file AIO support --with-http_ssl_module enable ngx_http_ssl_module
--with-http_v2_module enable ngx_http_v2_module
--with-http_realip_module enable ngx_http_realip_module
--with-http_addition_module enable ngx_http_addition_module
--with-http_xslt_module enable ngx_http_xslt_module
--with-http_xslt_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_http_xslt_module
--with-http_image_filter_module enable ngx_http_image_filter_module
--with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic
enable dynamic ngx_http_image_filter_module
--with-http_geoip_module enable ngx_http_geoip_module
--with-http_geoip_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_http_geoip_module
--with-http_sub_module enable ngx_http_sub_module
--with-http_dav_module enable ngx_http_dav_module
--with-http_flv_module enable ngx_http_flv_module
--with-http_mp4_module enable ngx_http_mp4_module
--with-http_gunzip_module enable ngx_http_gunzip_module
--with-http_gzip_static_module enable ngx_http_gzip_static_module
--with-http_auth_request_module enable ngx_http_auth_request_module
--with-http_random_index_module enable ngx_http_random_index_module
--with-http_secure_link_module enable ngx_http_secure_link_module
--with-http_degradation_module enable ngx_http_degradation_module
--with-http_slice_module enable ngx_http_slice_module
--with-http_stub_status_module enable ngx_http_stub_status_module --without-http_charset_module disable ngx_http_charset_module
--without-http_gzip_module disable ngx_http_gzip_module
--without-http_ssi_module disable ngx_http_ssi_module
--without-http_userid_module disable ngx_http_userid_module
--without-http_access_module disable ngx_http_access_module
--without-http_auth_basic_module disable ngx_http_auth_basic_module
--without-http_mirror_module disable ngx_http_mirror_module
--without-http_autoindex_module disable ngx_http_autoindex_module
--without-http_geo_module disable ngx_http_geo_module
--without-http_map_module disable ngx_http_map_module
--without-http_split_clients_module disable ngx_http_split_clients_module
--without-http_referer_module disable ngx_http_referer_module
--without-http_rewrite_module disable ngx_http_rewrite_module
--without-http_proxy_module disable ngx_http_proxy_module
--without-http_fastcgi_module disable ngx_http_fastcgi_module
--without-http_uwsgi_module disable ngx_http_uwsgi_module
--without-http_scgi_module disable ngx_http_scgi_module
--without-http_grpc_module disable ngx_http_grpc_module
--without-http_memcached_module disable ngx_http_memcached_module
--without-http_limit_conn_module disable ngx_http_limit_conn_module
--without-http_limit_req_module disable ngx_http_limit_req_module
--without-http_empty_gif_module disable ngx_http_empty_gif_module
--without-http_browser_module disable ngx_http_browser_module
--without-http_upstream_hash_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_hash_module
--without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module
--without-http_upstream_least_conn_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module
--without-http_upstream_keepalive_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module
--without-http_upstream_zone_module
disable ngx_http_upstream_zone_module --with-http_perl_module enable ngx_http_perl_module
--with-http_perl_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_http_perl_module
--with-perl_modules_path=PATH set Perl modules path
--with-perl=PATH set perl binary pathname --http-log-path=PATH set http access log pathname
--http-client-body-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http client request body temporary files
--http-proxy-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http proxy temporary files
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http fastcgi temporary files
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http uwsgi temporary files
--http-scgi-temp-path=PATH set path to store
http scgi temporary files --without-http disable HTTP server
--without-http-cache disable HTTP cache --with-mail enable POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
--with-mail=dynamic enable dynamic POP3/IMAP4/SMTP proxy module
--with-mail_ssl_module enable ngx_mail_ssl_module
--without-mail_pop3_module disable ngx_mail_pop3_module
--without-mail_imap_module disable ngx_mail_imap_module
--without-mail_smtp_module disable ngx_mail_smtp_module --with-stream enable TCP/UDP proxy module
--with-stream=dynamic enable dynamic TCP/UDP proxy module
--with-stream_ssl_module enable ngx_stream_ssl_module
--with-stream_realip_module enable ngx_stream_realip_module
--with-stream_geoip_module enable ngx_stream_geoip_module
--with-stream_geoip_module=dynamic enable dynamic ngx_stream_geoip_module
--with-stream_ssl_preread_module enable ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module
--without-stream_limit_conn_module disable ngx_stream_limit_conn_module
--without-stream_access_module disable ngx_stream_access_module
--without-stream_geo_module disable ngx_stream_geo_module
--without-stream_map_module disable ngx_stream_map_module
--without-stream_split_clients_module
disable ngx_stream_split_clients_module
--without-stream_return_module disable ngx_stream_return_module
--without-stream_upstream_hash_module
disable ngx_stream_upstream_hash_module
--without-stream_upstream_least_conn_module
disable ngx_stream_upstream_least_conn_module
--without-stream_upstream_zone_module
disable ngx_stream_upstream_zone_module --with-google_perftools_module enable ngx_google_perftools_module
--with-cpp_test_module enable ngx_cpp_test_module --add-module=PATH enable external module
--add-dynamic-module=PATH enable dynamic external module --with-compat dynamic modules compatibility --with-cc=PATH set C compiler pathname
--with-cpp=PATH set C preprocessor pathname
--with-cc-opt=OPTIONS set additional C compiler options
--with-ld-opt=OPTIONS set additional linker options
--with-cpu-opt=CPU build for the specified CPU, valid values:
pentium, pentiumpro, pentium3, pentium4,
athlon, opteron, sparc32, sparc64, ppc64 --without-pcre disable PCRE library usage
--with-pcre force PCRE library usage
--with-pcre=DIR set path to PCRE library sources
--with-pcre-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for PCRE
--with-pcre-jit build PCRE with JIT compilation support --with-zlib=DIR set path to zlib library sources
--with-zlib-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for zlib
--with-zlib-asm=CPU use zlib assembler sources optimized
for the specified CPU, valid values:
pentium, pentiumpro --with-libatomic force libatomic_ops library usage
--with-libatomic=DIR set path to libatomic_ops library sources --with-openssl=DIR set path to OpenSSL library sources
--with-openssl-opt=OPTIONS set additional build options for OpenSSL --with-debug enable debug logging [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.2]# ./configure --help #查看nginx的配置参数支持的参数
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# ./configure --prefix=/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx \ #指定编译安装时的路径，这些编译参数在帮助信息均有记录哟~
> --user=nginx \ #指定以nginx用户运行服务
> --group=nginx \ #指定以nginx组运行服务
> --with-http_ssl_module \ #支持ssl功能
> --with-http_v2_module \ #支持http2功能
> --with-http_realip_module \ #做反向代理时可以转发真实的IP地址
> --with-http_stub_status_module \ #开启状态页
> --with-http_gzip_static_module \ #开启静态压缩功能
> --with-pcre \ #支持正则
> --with-stream \ #支持TCP代理的方式
> --with-stream_ssl_module \
> --with-stream_realip_module
......
checking for OpenSSL library ... found
checking for zlib library ... found
creating objs/Makefile Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ using system OpenSSL library
+ using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp" [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# echo $? [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# ll Makefile #注意，"./configure"这个步骤会有两个操作，第一是检查编译安装需要依赖的软件包等环境,如果缺少依赖包则配置不成功;第二是会生成Makefile的配置文件哟~
-rw-r--r-- root root Dec : Makefile
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# date
Sun Dec :: CST
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# cat Makefile default: build clean:
rm -rf Makefile objs build:
$(MAKE) -f objs/Makefile install:
$(MAKE) -f objs/Makefile install modules:
$(MAKE) -f objs/Makefile modules upgrade:
/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -t kill -USR2 `cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
sleep
test -f /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin kill -QUIT `cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/nginx.pid.oldbin`
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.2]# cat Makefile #在编译时会使用该文件
6>.编译(该步骤会根据Makefile文件生成相应的模块)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): -bit, -bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s):
On-line CPU(s) list: -
Thread(s) per core:
Core(s) per socket:
Socket(s):
NUMA node(s):
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family:
Model:
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8750H CPU @ .20GHz
Stepping:
CPU MHz: 2208.000
BogoMIPS: 4416.00
Hypervisor vendor: KVM
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 9216K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): -
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl
xtopology nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch fsgsbase avx2 invpcid rdseed clflushopt flush_l1d[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.2]# lscpu #查看CPU的核心数
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# make -j
......
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_ssl_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_realip_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_limit_conn_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_access_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_geo_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_map_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_split_clients_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_return_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_upstream_hash_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_upstream_least_conn_module.o \
objs/src/stream/ngx_stream_upstream_zone_module.o \
objs/ngx_modules.o \
-ldl -lpthread -lcrypt -lpcre -lssl -lcrypto -ldl -lpthread -lz \
-Wl,-E
sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx|" \
-e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/nginx.pid|" \
-e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf|" \
-e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/error.log|" \
< man/nginx. > objs/nginx.
make[]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.'
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# echo $? [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.2]# make -j 4
7>.安装(该步骤会创建目录，并将生成的模块和文件复制到相应的目录)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# make install
make -f objs/Makefile install
make[]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.'
test -d '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx' || mkdir -p '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx'
test -d '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin' \
|| mkdir -p '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin'
test ! -f '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
|| mv '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
'/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'
cp objs/nginx '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx'
test -d '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf' \
|| mkdir -p '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-win '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-utf '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/win-utf '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
test -f '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/mime.types' \
|| cp conf/mime.types '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/mime.types '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'
test -f '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' \
|| cp conf/fastcgi_params '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi_params \
'/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'
test -f '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \
|| cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'
test -f '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' \
|| cp conf/uwsgi_params '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/uwsgi_params \
'/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'
test -f '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/scgi_params' \
|| cp conf/scgi_params '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf'
cp conf/scgi_params \
'/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'
test -f '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \
|| cp conf/nginx.conf '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'
cp conf/nginx.conf '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'
test -d '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs'
test -d '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs'
test -d '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/html' \
|| cp -R html '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx'
test -d '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs' \
|| mkdir -p '/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs'
make[]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.'
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# echo $? [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.2]# make install
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]# ll /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/
total
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : conf #保存nginx所有的配置文件，其中nginx.conf是nginx服务器的最核心最主要的配置文件，其他的.conf则是用来配置nginx相关的功能的，例如fastcgi功能使用的是fastcgi.conf和fastcgi_params两个文件，配置文件一般都有个样板配置文件，是文件名.default结尾，使用的使用将其复制为并将default去掉即可。
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : html #保存了nginx服务器的web文件，但是可以更改为其他目录保存web文件,另外还有一个50x的web文件是默认的错误页面提示页面
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : logs #用来保存nginx服务器的访问日志错误日志等日志，logs目录可以放在其他路径，比如/var/logs/nginx里面。
drwxr-xr-x root root Dec : sbin #保存nginx二进制启动脚本，可以接受不同的参数以实现不同的功能。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn /usr/local/src/nginx-1.14.]#
8>.创建nginx并授权
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -u
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# chown nginx:nginx -R /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
9>.启动nginx服务
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动nginx程序成功后，可以通过web界面访问
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
10>.CentOS 7.6编写nginx启动脚本
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target [Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID [Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service #编写nginx的启动脚本，可参考yum方式安装的脚本，修改几项参数即可
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/ Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Unit nginx.service cannot be reloaded because it is inactive.
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Starting YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Started YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Stopping YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Stopped YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start nginx.service #启动nginx服务
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun -- :: CST; 4s ago
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
Process: ExecStart=/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf (code=exited, status=/SUCCESS)
Main PID: (nginx)
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─ nginx: master process /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
└─ nginx: worker process Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Starting YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Started YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl start nginx.service #启动nginx服务
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun -- :: CST; 48s ago
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
Process: ExecStart=/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf (code=exited, status=/SUCCESS)
Main PID: (nginx)
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─ nginx: master process /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
└─ nginx: worker process Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Starting YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Started YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl stop nginx.service #停止nginx服务
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/ Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Unit nginx.service cannot be reloaded because it is inactive.
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Starting YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Started YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Stopping YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Stopped YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Starting YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Started YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Stopping YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Stopped YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl stop nginx.service #停止nginx服务
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun -- :: CST; 11s ago
Docs: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
Process: ExecStart=/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf (code=exited, status=/SUCCESS)
Main PID: (nginx)
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─ nginx: master process /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
└─ nginx: worker process Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Starting YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server...
Dec :: node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn systemd[]: Started YinZhengJie's nginx - high performance web server.
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root : ? :: nginx: master process /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx : ? :: nginx: worker process
root : pts/ :: grep --color=auto nginx
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# systemctl reload nginx #重新加载nginx的配置文件，此时nginx的master进程不会消亡，而是worker生成了新的worker进程，之前的worker进程处理完现有的进程后会自动消亡。
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root : ? :: nginx: master process /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx : ? :: nginx: worker process
root : pts/ :: grep --color=auto nginx
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
11>.推荐手动管理nginx服务(通常情况下，我们可能不喜欢使用centos自带的命令去管理nginx，因为敲得命令比较长呗~我们会更乐意给nginx创建一个软连接进行管理)
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ln -sv /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/ #是不是上面介绍直接使用centos7的systemctl命令管理nginx敲击命令太长了？因此生产环境中我更喜欢创建一个软连接。
‘/usr/sbin/nginx’ -> ‘/yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/sbin/nginx’
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -s stop
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
四.nginx命令常用参数介绍
1>.查看帮助信息
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -h
nginx version: nginx/1.16.
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives] Options:
-?,-h : this help
-v : show version and exit
-V : show version and configure options then exit
-t : test configuration and exit
-T : test configuration, dump it and exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /etc/nginx/)
-c filename : set configuration file (default: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf)
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>."-v"参数使用案例
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -v #查看nginx的版本简要信息
nginx version: nginx/1.16.
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
3>."-V"参数使用案例
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -V #会列出nginx版本以及配置选项，升级安装时，我们得参考这些配置选项，升级时别忘记把列出的所有参数都带上，这样升级也做到了向下兼容。
nginx version: nginx/1.16.
built by gcc 4.8. (Red Hat 4.8.-) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips Jan
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/ngi
nx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
4>."-t"参数使用案例
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t #检查nginx的配置文件语法是否正确
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
5>."-T"参数使用案例
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -T #检查mnginx的配置文件语法是否正确并列出生效的文件内容
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
# configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf: user nginx;
worker_processes ; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events {
worker_connections ;
} http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout ; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
} # configuration file /etc/nginx/mime.types: types {
text/html html htm shtml;
text/css css;
text/xml xml;
image/gif gif;
image/jpeg jpeg jpg;
application/javascript js;
application/atom+xml atom;
application/rss+xml rss; text/mathml mml;
text/plain txt;
text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor jad;
text/vnd.wap.wml wml;
text/x-component htc; image/png png;
image/svg+xml svg svgz;
image/tiff tif tiff;
image/vnd.wap.wbmp wbmp;
image/webp webp;
image/x-icon ico;
image/x-jng jng;
image/x-ms-bmp bmp; font/woff woff;
font/woff2 woff2; application/java-archive jar war ear;
application/json json;
application/mac-binhex40 hqx;
application/msword doc;
application/pdf pdf;
application/postscript ps eps ai;
application/rtf rtf;
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml kml;
application/vnd.google-earth.kmz kmz;
application/vnd.ms-excel xls;
application/vnd.ms-fontobject eot;
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint ppt;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics odg;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation odp;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet ods;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text odt;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
pptx;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
xlsx;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
docx;
application/vnd.wap.wmlc wmlc;
application/x-7z-compressed 7z;
application/x-cocoa cco;
application/x-java-archive-diff jardiff;
application/x-java-jnlp-file jnlp;
application/x-makeself run;
application/x-perl pl pm;
application/x-pilot prc pdb;
application/x-rar-compressed rar;
application/x-redhat-package-manager rpm;
application/x-sea sea;
application/x-shockwave-flash swf;
application/x-stuffit sit;
application/x-tcl tcl tk;
application/x-x509-ca-cert der pem crt;
application/x-xpinstall xpi;
application/xhtml+xml xhtml;
application/xspf+xml xspf;
application/zip zip; application/octet-stream bin exe dll;
application/octet-stream deb;
application/octet-stream dmg;
application/octet-stream iso img;
application/octet-stream msi msp msm; audio/midi mid midi kar;
audio/mpeg mp3;
audio/ogg ogg;
audio/x-m4a m4a;
audio/x-realaudio ra; video/3gpp 3gpp 3gp;
video/mp2t ts;
video/mp4 mp4;
video/mpeg mpeg mpg;
video/quicktime mov;
video/webm webm;
video/x-flv flv;
video/x-m4v m4v;
video/x-mng mng;
video/x-ms-asf asx asf;
video/x-ms-wmv wmv;
video/x-msvideo avi;
} # configuration file /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main; location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
} # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
} [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -T #检查mnginx的配置文件语法是否正确并列出生效的文件内容
6>."-q"参数使用案例
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -q #在配置测试期间禁止显示非错误消息,也就是说如果没有输出就没有错误，即没有输出就是最好的结果啦~
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -q #第一次执行时若配置文件无问题，则会启用nginx服务，但第二次在执行的话，又一次启动nginx服务会导致地址的端口冲突的，因此会抛出端口被占用的错误提示哟，错误提示如下所示。
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0: failed (: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0: failed (: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0: failed (: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0: failed (: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0: failed (: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -q #第一次执行时若配置文件无问题，则会启用nginx服务，但第二次在执行的话，又一次启动nginx服务会导致地址的端口冲突的，因此会抛出端口被占用的错误提示哟~
7>."-s"参数使用案例
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -h
nginx version: nginx/1.16.
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives] Options:
-?,-h : this help
-v : show version and exit
-V : show version and configure options then exit
-t : test configuration and exit
-T : test configuration, dump it and exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix : set prefix path (default: /etc/nginx/)
-c filename : set configuration file (default: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf)
-g directives : set global directives out of configuration file [root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -s stop #停止nginx服务
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -s stop #停止nginx服务
8>."-c"参数使用案例
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #指定nginx的配置文件启动
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN *: *:*
LISTEN ::: :::*
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node108.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #指定nginx的配置文件启动
五.Nginx默认配置文件参数说明
博主推荐阅读:
https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/12032229.html
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