[Android] 点击事件的四种写法

时间：2023-12-11 17:54:44

点击事件的必备条件：实现OnClickListener接口，重写onclick(View v)方法

以拨号简单案例为例，如下图效果：

[Android] 点击事件的四种写法

逻辑流程：

  1. 获取点击对象，获取数据
  2. 给对象设置监听类
  3. 实现OnClickListener接口,重写onClick(View v)方法

onClick(View v)逻辑：

  1. 获取输入内容：使用EditText对象的getText()方法，该方法返回值为Editable，需要用toString()转换成String类型

  2. 判断输入是否为空，TextUtils.isEmpty(str)方法判断字符串str是否为空

  3. 为空则提示号码不能为空，使用Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "号码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();,

    Toast makeText (Context context, CharSequence text, int duration)返回值为Toast，参数列表（Context对象，提示内容，显示时长）

  1. 如果不为空，new 一个Intent对象，使用Intent对象的setAction(String action)方法设置动作，使用Intent对象的setData(Uri uriData)方法设置数据。startActivity(Intent intent)方法启动Activity。

注：应该在程序清单文件AndroidManifest.xml中添加<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>，拨打电话时，美国紧急电话不会直接拨打

三种方法：第四种不推荐，前三种酌情使用

1. 内部实现类

布局文件：activity_main.xml

    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >

    <EditText

        android:id="@+id/editText1"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:focusable="true"

        android:focusableInTouchMode="true"

        android:hint="在此输入电话号码">

    </EditText>

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/button1"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_below="@+id/editText1"

        android:layout_marginTop="14dp"

        android:text="拨打此号码" />

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/button2"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"

        android:text="Button2" />

    <Button

        android:id="@+id/button3"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

        android:layout_below="@+id/button2"

        android:text="Button3" />

</RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java

    package com.example.onclick1;

    import android.app.Activity;

    import android.content.Intent;

    import android.net.Uri;

    import android.os.Bundle;

    import android.os.storage.OnObbStateChangeListener;

    import android.text.TextUtils;

    import android.view.Menu;

    import android.view.MenuItem;

    import android.view.View;

    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

    import android.widget.Button;

    import android.widget.EditText;

    import android.widget.Toast;

    public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    	private EditText editText;

    	@Override

    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    		editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);

    		Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

    		Button button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);

    		Button button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);

    		//设置监听类

    		button1.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());

    		button2.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());

    		button3.setOnClickListener(new MyOnClickListener());

    	}

    	private class MyOnClickListener implements OnClickListener{

    		@Override

    		public void onClick(View v) {

    			int i = v.getId();

    			switch (i) {

    			case R.id.button1:

    				String number = editText.getText().toString();

    				if (TextUtils.isEmpty(number)) {

    					Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "号码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    				}else {

    					Intent intent = new Intent();

    					intent.setAction(intent.ACTION_CALL);

    					Uri data = Uri.parse("tel:"+number);

    					intent.setData(data);

    					startActivity(intent);

    				}

    				break;

    			case R.id.button2:

    				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你点击了Button2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    				break;

    			case R.id.button3:

    				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "你点击了Button3", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    				break;

    			}

    		}

    	}

    }

2. 内部匿名类

MainActivity.java

	package com.example.onclick1;

    import android.app.Activity;

    import android.content.Intent;

    import android.net.Uri;

    import android.os.Bundle;

    import android.os.storage.OnObbStateChangeListener;

    import android.text.TextUtils;

    import android.view.Menu;

    import android.view.MenuItem;

    import android.view.View;

    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

    import android.widget.Button;

    import android.widget.EditText;

    import android.widget.Toast;

    public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    	private EditText editText;

    	@Override

    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    		editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);

    		Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

    		Button button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);

    		Button button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);

    		//设置监听类

    		button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

    			@Override

    			public void onClick(View v) {

    				String number = editText.getText().toString();

    				if(TextUtils.isEmpty(number)){

    					Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "[内部匿名类]号码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    				}else{

    					Intent intent = new Intent();

    					intent.setAction(intent.ACTION_CALL);

    					intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:"+number));

    					startActivity(intent);

    				}

    			}

    		});

    		button2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

    			@Override

    			public void onClick(View v) {

    				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "[内部匿名类]你点击了Button2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			}

    		});

    		button3.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

    			@Override

    			public void onClick(View v) {

    				Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "[内部匿名类]你又点击了button3", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			}

    		});

    	}

    }

3. Activity实现OnClickLitener

MainActivity.java

    package com.example.onclick1;

    import android.app.Activity;

    import android.content.Intent;

    import android.net.Uri;

    import android.os.Bundle;

    import android.os.storage.OnObbStateChangeListener;

    import android.text.TextUtils;

    import android.view.Menu;

    import android.view.MenuItem;

    import android.view.View;

    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

    import android.widget.Button;

    import android.widget.EditText;

    import android.widget.Toast;

    public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener{

    	private EditText editText;

    	@Override

    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    		editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);

    		Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

    		Button button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);

    		Button button3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);

    		//设置监听类

    		button1.setOnClickListener(this);

    		button2.setOnClickListener(this);

    		button3.setOnClickListener(this);

    	}

    	@Override

    	public void onClick(View v) {

    		int id = v.getId();

    		switch (id) {

    		case R.id.button1:

    			String number = editText.getText().toString();

    			if (TextUtils.isEmpty(number)) {

    				Toast.makeText(this, "[Activity实现类]号码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			}else {

    				Intent intent = new Intent();

    				intent.setAction(intent.ACTION_CALL);

    				intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:"+number));

    				startActivity(intent);

    			}

    			break;

    		case R.id.button2:

    			Toast.makeText(this, "[Activity实现类]你点击了Button2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			break;

    		case R.id.button3:

    			Toast.makeText(this, "[Activity实现类]你点击了Button3", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			break;

    		}

    	}

    }

4. 结合layout文件声明方法

activity_main.xml

    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="match_parent"

        tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" >

        <EditText

            android:id="@+id/editText1"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:focusable="true"

            android:focusableInTouchMode="true"

            android:hint="在此输入电话号码">

        </EditText>

        <Button

            android:id="@+id/button1"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_below="@+id/editText1"

            android:layout_marginTop="14dp"

            android:onClick="button"

            android:text="拨打此号码" />

        <Button

            android:id="@+id/button2"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

            android:layout_below="@+id/button1"

            android:onClick="button"

            android:text="Button2" />

        <Button

            android:id="@+id/button3"

            android:layout_width="wrap_content"

            android:layout_height="wrap_content"

            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

            android:layout_below="@+id/button2"

            android:onClick="button"

            android:text="Button3" />

    </RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java

    package com.example.onclick1;

    import android.app.Activity;

    import android.content.Intent;

    import android.net.Uri;

    import android.os.Bundle;

    import android.os.storage.OnObbStateChangeListener;

    import android.text.TextUtils;

    import android.view.Menu;

    import android.view.MenuItem;

    import android.view.View;

    import android.widget.EditText;

    import android.widget.Toast;

    public class MainActivity extends Activity{

    	@Override

    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    	}

    	public void button(View v) {

    	EditText editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1);

    		switch (v.getId()) {

    		case R.id.button1:

    			String number = editText.getText().toString();

    			if (TextUtils.isEmpty(number)) {

    				Toast.makeText(this, "[布局文件中Button的android:onClick属性]号码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			}else {

    				Intent intent = new Intent();

    				intent.setAction(intent.ACTION_CALL);

    				intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:"+number));

    				startActivity(intent);

    			}

    			break;

    		case R.id.button2:

    			Toast.makeText(this, "[布局文件中Button的android:onClick属性]你点击了Button2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			break;

    		case R.id.button3:

    			Toast.makeText(this, "[布局文件中Button的android:onClick属性]你点击了Button3", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    			break;

    		}

    	}

    }

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