python趣味挑战之爬取天气与微博热搜并自动发给微信好友

时间：2022-10-20 00:01:37

一、系统环境

1.python 3.8.2

2.webdriver(用于驱动edge)

3.微信电脑版

4.windows10

二、爬取中国天气网

因为中国天气网的网页是动态生成的，所以不能直接爬取到数据，需要先使用webdriver打开网页并渲染完成，然后保存网页源代码，使用beautifulsoup分析数据。爬取的数据包括实时温度、最高温度与最低温度、污染状况、风向和湿度、紫外线状况、穿衣指南八项数据。

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def getZZWeatherAndSendMsg():
    HTML1='http://www.weather.com.cn/weather1dn/101190201.shtml'
    driver=webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get(HTML1)
    soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
    
    #获取实时温度
    tem=soup.find('span',class_='temp').string
    #获取最高温度与最低温度
    maxtem=soup.find('span',id='maxTemp').string
    mintem=soup.find('span',id='minTemp').string
    #获取污染状况
    poll=soup.find('a',href='http://www.weather.com.cn/air/?city=101190201').string
    #获取风向和湿度
    win=soup.find('span',id='wind').string
    humidity=soup.find('span',id='humidity').string
    #获取紫外线状况
    sun=soup.find('div',class_='lv').find('em').string
    #获取穿衣指南
    cloth=soup.find('dl',id='cy').find('dd').string
 
    HTML2='http://www.weather.com.cn/weathern/101190201.shtml'
    driver.get(HTML2)
    soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
    #获取天气情况
    wea=soup.find_all('p',class_='weather-info')[1].string
    weatherContent='实时温度：'+tem+'℃'+'\n'+'今日温度变化：'+mintem+'~'+maxtem+'\n'+'今日天气：'+wea+'\n'+'当前风向：'+win+'\n'+'相对湿度：'+humidity+'\n'+'紫外线：'+sun+'\n'+'污染指数：'+poll+'\n'+'穿衣指南:'+cloth+'\n'+'注意天气变化！！'
    driver.quit()
    return weatherContent

三、爬取微博热搜

相比于中国天气网，微博热搜要简单很多，直接request得到数据包，然后使用beautiful解析。解析数据后用for循环便利50次保存文本。

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def getWeibo():
    url='https://s.weibo.com/top/summary'
    headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.72 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.41'}
    r=requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    r.raise_for_status()
    r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser")
    tr=soup.find_all('tr')
    weiboContent='今日微博热榜：'+'\n'
    for i in range(2,52):
        text=tr[i].find('td',class_='td-02').find('a').string
        weiboContent=weiboContent+str(i-1)+'"'+text+'"'+'\n'
    return weiboContent

四、微信自动发送消息

使用win32gui自动化操作发送微信消息，首先使用微信的窗口名找到微信句柄，然后模拟键鼠搜索联系人，打开联系人窗口，发送消息并关闭窗口。同时发送多个联系人时可以直接重复这几步操作

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if __name__=="__main__":
    target_a=['06:55','11:55','19:53']
    target_b=['07:00','12:00','19:54']
    name_list=['Squirrel B','Squirrel B']
    while True:
        now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
        print(now)
        if now[-5:] in target_a:
            base_weatherContent=getZZWeatherAndSendMsg()
            weiboContent=getWeibo()
        if now[-5:] in target_b:
            hwnd=win32gui.FindWindow("WeChatMainWndForPC", '微信')
            win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd,win32con.SW_SHOW)
            win32gui.MoveWindow(hwnd,0,0,1000,700,True)
            time.sleep(1)
            for name in name_list:
                movePos(28,147)
                click()
                #2.移动鼠标到搜索框，单击，输入要搜索的名字
                movePos(148,35)
                click()
                time.sleep(1)
                setText(name)
                ctrlV()
                time.sleep(1)  # 等待联系人搜索成功
                enter()
                time.sleep(1)
                now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
                weatherContent='现在是'+now+'\n'+base_weatherContent
                setText(weatherContent)
                ctrlV()
                time.sleep(1)
                altS()
                time.sleep(1)
                setText(weiboContent)
                ctrlV()
                time.sleep(1)
                altS()
                time.sleep(1)
            win32gui.PostMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0)
        time.sleep(60)

五、源代码

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import win32clipboard as w
import win32con
import win32api
import win32gui
import ctypes
import time
import requests
from urllib.request import urlopen
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from selenium import webdriver
 
#把文字放入剪贴板
def setText(aString):
    w.OpenClipboard()
    w.EmptyClipboard()
    w.SetClipboardData(win32con.CF_UNICODETEXT,aString)
    w.CloseClipboard()
    
#模拟ctrl+V
def ctrlV():
    win32api.keybd_event(17,0,0,0) #ctrl
    win32api.keybd_event(86,0,0,0) #V
    win32api.keybd_event(86,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)#释放按键
    win32api.keybd_event(17,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
    
#模拟alt+s
def altS():
    win32api.keybd_event(18,0,0,0)
    win32api.keybd_event(83,0,0,0)
    win32api.keybd_event(83,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
    win32api.keybd_event(18,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
# 模拟enter
def enter():
    win32api.keybd_event(13,0,0,0)
    win32api.keybd_event(13,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
#模拟单击
def click():
    win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0)
    win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0)
#移动鼠标的位置
def movePos(x,y):
    win32api.SetCursorPos((x,y))
 
def getZZWeatherAndSendMsg():
    HTML1='http://www.weather.com.cn/weather1dn/101190201.shtml'
    driver=webdriver.Edge()
    driver.get(HTML1)
    soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
    
    #获取实时温度
    tem=soup.find('span',class_='temp').string
    #获取最高温度与最低温度
    maxtem=soup.find('span',id='maxTemp').string
    mintem=soup.find('span',id='minTemp').string
    #获取污染状况
    poll=soup.find('a',href='http://www.weather.com.cn/air/?city=101190201').string
    #获取风向和湿度
    win=soup.find('span',id='wind').string
    humidity=soup.find('span',id='humidity').string
    #获取紫外线状况
    sun=soup.find('div',class_='lv').find('em').string
    #获取穿衣指南
    cloth=soup.find('dl',id='cy').find('dd').string
 
    HTML2='http://www.weather.com.cn/weathern/101190201.shtml'
    driver.get(HTML2)
    soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
    #获取天气情况
    wea=soup.find_all('p',class_='weather-info')[1].string
    weatherContent='实时温度：'+tem+'℃'+'\n'+'今日温度变化：'+mintem+'~'+maxtem+'\n'+'今日天气：'+wea+'\n'+'当前风向：'+win+'\n'+'相对湿度：'+humidity+'\n'+'紫外线：'+sun+'\n'+'污染指数：'+poll+'\n'+'穿衣指南:'+cloth+'\n'+'注意天气变化！！'
    driver.quit()
    return weatherContent
 
def getWeibo():
    url='https://s.weibo.com/top/summary'
    headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.72 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.41'}
    r=requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    r.raise_for_status()
    r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser")
    tr=soup.find_all('tr')
    weiboContent='今日微博热榜：'+'\n'
    for i in range(2,52):
        text=tr[i].find('td',class_='td-02').find('a').string
        weiboContent=weiboContent+str(i-1)+'"'+text+'"'+'\n'
    return weiboContent
 
if __name__=="__main__":
    target_a=['06:55','11:55','19:53']
    target_b=['07:00','12:00','19:54']
    name_list=['Squirrel B','Squirrel B']
    while True:
        now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
        print(now)
        if now[-5:] in target_a:
            base_weatherContent=getZZWeatherAndSendMsg()
            weiboContent=getWeibo()
        if now[-5:] in target_b:
            hwnd=win32gui.FindWindow("WeChatMainWndForPC", '微信')
            win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd,win32con.SW_SHOW)
            win32gui.MoveWindow(hwnd,0,0,1000,700,True)
            time.sleep(1)
            for name in name_list:
                movePos(28,147)
                click()
                #2.移动鼠标到搜索框，单击，输入要搜索的名字
                movePos(148,35)
                click()
                time.sleep(1)
                setText(name)
                ctrlV()
                time.sleep(1)  # 等待联系人搜索成功
                enter()
                time.sleep(1)
                now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
                weatherContent='现在是'+now+'\n'+base_weatherContent
                setText(weatherContent)
                ctrlV()
                time.sleep(1)
                altS()
                time.sleep(1)
                setText(weiboContent)
                ctrlV()
                time.sleep(1)
                altS()
                time.sleep(1)
            win32gui.PostMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0)
        time.sleep(60)

六、运行效果

python趣味挑战之爬取天气与微博热搜并自动发给微信好友

七、总结

  •  爬取中国天气网数据
  • 爬取微博热搜
  • 自动发送微信消息
  • 打包为exe并写个简单的GUI
  • 写的比较简单，不过也够用了，也懒得继续写下去了，希望可以供大家参考.

github地址 https://github.com/gudu12306/auto_for_wechat

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42882419/article/details/117359685

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